非谓语动词总复习ppt.ppt

非谓语动词分类：to do-不定式 doing 动名词 现在分词 done 过去分词注：使用非谓语动词也要考虑时态语态，（除了过去分词）非谓语动词的使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词，一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词，在没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出在没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时，例如：现时，例如：She got off the bus,_(leave)her handbag on She got off the bus,_(leave)her handbag on her seat.her seat.She got off the bus,but_(leave)her handbag She got off the bus,but_(leave)her handbag on her seat.on her seat.leavingleavingleftleft主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补动名词 不定式 分词 现在，我们简要回顾其主要考点：非谓语动词的句法功能一.不定式1.1.不定式的时态和语态：不定式的时态和语态：主 动 被 动一般式进行式完成式to doto be doneto be doingto have done to have been done无We plan to pay a visit.The teacher ordered the work to be done.The boy pretended to be working hard.I happened to have seen the film.Read and think:2.2.不定式的用法：2.12.1-It is silly of you _ all eggs in-It is silly of you _ all eggs in one basket.one basket.-That was the worst mistake Ive-That was the worst mistake Ive ever made.ever made.A.to put B.to have putto put B.to have putC.putting D.having putC.putting D.having putBB2.12.1 不定式做主语不定式做主语。2.22.2 My job was to wash bottles,which My job was to wash bottles,which would then be filled with wine,or _ would then be filled with wine,or _ the filled bottles.the filled bottles.A.to put B.puttingto put B.puttingC.having put D.being putC.having put D.being putAA2.22.2 不定式作表语不定式作表语。有些动词之后常跟to do 作宾语，此类动词有如agree,offer,intend/plan,demand/ask,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope/want/expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,claim,aim,hesitate 等2.3 不定式作宾语 同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙 准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望 不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚 恳求安排买得起，生成目标不犹豫2.3 2.3 Mr.Smith warned his daughter Mr.Smith warned his daughter _ after drinking._ after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never drivenever to drive B.to never driveC.never driving D.never driveC.never driving D.never driveAA2.4 2.4 不定式作宾补不定式作宾补。常用在。常用在ask,tell,ask,tell,expect,encourage,advise,order,inspireexpect,encourage,advise,order,inspire等词后等词后 注意：有些动词后接不带to的不定式做宾补，五看：watch,look at,see,observe,notice 三使：let,make,have 两听：hear,listen to 一感觉：feel eg：I saw him _(walk)into the park.His mother made him _(get)up early in winter.walkwalkgetgetHe was seen _(walk)into He was seen _(walk)into the park.the park.to walkto walk动词不定式可用在被the first，the second，the last，the only 和最高级等限定的名词或代词的后面作定语。He is always the first to come and the last to leave school.We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.I have a meeting to attend.There are a lot of work to do.The ability to communicate with others well is very important in the society.2.52.5 作定语作定语。1(2010 重庆卷)Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one_first is the library.A repaired B being repairedC repairing D to be repaired2.I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term.A.completing B.to complete C.completed D.being completedDDBB不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。1不定式用来作目的状语：往往译作“为了，想要”。放在句中不用逗号隔开He worked day and night to get the money.2.62.6 作状语作状语。1.He is too tired to get up early.2不定式用于too.to；only to do等结构中作结果状语。Translate：1.他太疲惫了而不能早起。2.他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。2.He hurried to the booking office_all the tickets had been sold out.only to be told 3.不定式做原因状语常用于一些表情绪的形容词后，例如 happy,glad,pleased,sad,sorry,disappointed 等1.They were very sad to hear the news.2.Im sorry to trouble you.Translate:1.他们听到这个消息很悲伤。2.我很抱歉麻烦你。二.动名词1.1.动名词的时态和语态：动名词的时态和语态：主动语态 被动语态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving done having been done1.My hobby is swimming.My hobby is swimming.2.He came to the party without being invited.He came to the party without being invited.It is a waste of+n.+(in)doing sth.It is a waste of+n.+(in)doing sth.It is littleIt is little/no/no good good/use/use doing sth.doing sth.It is useless doing sth.It is useless doing sth.2.2.动名词的用法：动名词的用法：2.12.1 作主语。作主语。2.2.2.2.以下动词用动名词作宾语以下动词用动名词作宾语：avoid,miss,postpone,advise,finish,avoid,miss,postpone,advise,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,practise,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mindkeep,mind避免错过少延期，建议完成多练习避免错过少延期，建议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住，承认否定与嫉妒喜欢想象禁不住，承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意 不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语的区别：I.I.有些词跟有些词跟to doto do和和doingdoing作宾语时，区别不大，作宾语时，区别不大，如如like,love,hate,prefer,continue,like,love,hate,prefer,continue,begin,startbegin,start。II.II.区别以下结构：区别以下结构：try to do/doing try to do/doing mean to do/doingmean to do/doingstop to do/doingstop to do/doinggo on to do/doinggo on to do/doingremember/forget/regret to do/doingremember/forget/regret to do/doing 1.Im sorry I forgot _ your dictionary.Lets borrow one from Li Ming.A.to take B.taking C.to bring D.bringing2.My brother regretted _ a lecture given by Professor Liu.A.not attending B.not to attending C.attended D.being attendedCCAA 三、分 词现在分词表示正在进行或主动的意义，而过去现在分词表示正在进行或主动的意义，而过去分词表示被动或已经完成的意义。分词表示被动或已经完成的意义。falling leavesfalling leaves the rising sun the rising sunfallen leavesfallen leaves the risen sun the risen sunboiling water boiling water developing countriesdeveloping countriesboiled water boiled water developed countriesdeveloped countries 1.1.分词的基本意义：分词的基本意义：1.21.2分词的时态和形式分词的时态和形式 主动语态 被动语态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done过去分词只有一种形式 done 现在分词作定语，表主动意义；现在分词作定语，表主动意义；过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；Eg：There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.