高一英语必修三宾语从句.ppt
宾语从句The Object Clause什 么 是 宾 语 从 句宾 语 从 句 的 语 序宾 语 从 句 的 时 态宾 语 从 句 的 分 类宾 语 从 句 的 连 接 词 我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming 我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较宾o宾o 主s 谓vhe is a famous basketball player主s 谓v 宾othat连接词我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员谓v 主s二、宾语从句的分类1、做动词的宾语 e.g.We know youre harding-working.2、做介词的宾语 e.g.Im really interested in what is happening.3、做形容词的宾语 在主句为动词be 加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad 等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that 的从句也可算是宾语从句 e.g.Im afraid itll cost a large amount of money.三、连接词（引导词）宾语从句结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句1、当陈述句作宾语时 结构:主句+that+从句2.当一般疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+if(whether)+从句3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语时 结构:主句+特殊疑问词+从句 1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），由连词that引导。that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略。e.g.I cant say(that)I have any plans.Do you think(that)its genuine?练一练1.I think(that)_.2.（我要上路了）3.2.Im afraid(that)_.（我不太明白你的意思）Ill be on my way I dont quite follow you2.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whetherwhether或或ifif引导（口语中常用引导（口语中常用ifif），），意为意为“是否是否”，具有一定的，具有一定的意义，所以意义，所以不能省略不能省略例如：n I didnt know whether(if)I could survive until morning.n He asked me whether(if)I could help him.注意以下情况只用whether，不用if。1.whether 引导的从句常可以与or或or not 直接连用。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.Let me know if you can come or not.Let me know if or not you can come.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether 引导。如：Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.If it is true or not,I cant tell.n 3.whether 可以引导带to 的不定式。如：q I dont know whether to accept or refuse.q I dont know if to accept or refuse.n 4.介词之后用whether。如：q I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.q I worry about if I hurt her feelings.Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I dont know _ he is well or not.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vDo you know Do you know whatwhat he said just now?he said just now?v I dont remember I dont remember whenwhen we arrived.we arrived.v I asked him I asked him where where I could get so much money.I could get so much money.四、宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序 宾语从句必须用 _陈述语序There is a shop near here.Is there a shop near here?一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述语序，2，用if/whether 连接I ask Does he want to go swimming?he wants to go swimming.if/whetherI ask 我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？特殊疑问句做宾语特殊疑问句做宾语Which coat did you like best?I wonder which coat you like best.用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Which tie do you like best特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身I wonderI wonder ATTENTIONwhich tie you like best?将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework?There is a bank near here They are doing homework将下列句子改成陈述句语序：3.Where does he live?4.What language does she speak?5.Why do you like pandas?Where he livesWhat language she speaks Why you like pandas陈述句：He is a writer.老师说他是个作家。My teacher says.一般疑问句：Is he a writer?我想知道他是否是个作家吗？I wonder.特殊疑问句：Who is he?我不知道他是谁。I dont know.(that)he is a writer who he iswhether/if he is a writer 1、Mark Twain was born in Florida.2、I was told.1、Are you an American?2、Roderick asked Henry.1、How is that possible?2、Oliver wants to know.Exercise Combine the following sentencesI was told(that)Mark Twain was born in Florida.Roderick asked Henry whether/if he was an American.Oliver wants to know how that is possible.五、宾语从句的时态1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vI know he lives here.I know he lives here.vI know he lived here ten years ago.I know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.2.2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）vI I knewknew who who livedlived here.here.vI I sawsaw she she waswas talking with her mother.talking with her mother.vHe He askedasked whether his father whether his father wouldwould come back come back tomorrow.tomorrow.vHe He saidsaid that he that he had seenhad seen it.it.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。vThe teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _(return)it already.5.5.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)will be goes were playing have returned wrote 宾语从句三要素引导词that（陈述句）ifwhether（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变六、小结Do you know _?A.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB巩固练习：I 从下列A、B、C、D 中选择一个正确选项填空。4Linda said the moon_ round the earth.?A.travelled B.has travelled B.C.travels D.had travelled C.C3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born B.C.where he comes from D.if he lives hereC.C
