计算机编程常用英语词汇.pdf

第一部分、计算机算法常用术语中英对照Data Structures基本数据结构Dictionaries 字典Priority Queues 堆Graph Data Structures 图Set Data Structures 集合Kd-Trees线段树Numerical Problems 数值问题Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法Determinants and Permanents 行 歹 U 式Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Linear Programming 线性规戈ijRandom Number Generation 随机数生成Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Knapsack Problem 背包问题Discrete Fourier Transform 离散 Fourie 变换Combinatorial Problems 组合问题Sorting 排序Searching 查找Median and Selection 中位数Generating Permutations 排列生成Generating Subsets 子 集生成Generating Partitions 划分生成Generating Graphs 图的生成Calendrical Calculations 日期Job Scheduling 工程安排Satisfiability 可满足性Graph Problems-polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支Topological Sorting 拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树Shortest Path最短路径Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Matching 匹配Eulerian Cycle/Chinese Postman Euler 回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity 害！I边/割点Network Flow 网络流Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘Drawing Trees树的描绘Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems hard 图论-NP 问题Clique最大团Independent Set 独立集Vertex Cover 点覆盖Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton 叵 路Graph Partition 图的划分Vertex Coloring 点染色Edge Coloring 边染色Graph Isomorphism 同构Steiner Tree Steiner 树Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图Computational Geometry 计算几何Convex Hull 凸包Triangulation 三角剖分Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi 图Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询Range Search范围查询Point Location 位置查询Intersection Detection 碰撞测试Bin Packing装箱问题Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换Polygon Partitioning 多边形分害USimplifying Polygons 多边形化简Shape Similarity相似多边形Motion Planning 运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski 和Set and String Problems集合与串的问题Set Cover集合覆盖Set Packing集合配置String Matching 模式匹配Approximate String Matching 模糊匹配Text Compression 压缩Cryptography 密码Finite State Machine Minimization 有穷自动机简化Longest Common Substring 最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring 最短公共父串DP-Dynamic Programming-动态规划recursion-递归第二部分、编程词汇A2A integration A2A 整合abstract抽象的abstract base class(ABC)抽象基类abstract class 抽象类abstraction抽象、抽象物、抽象性access存取、访问access level访问级别access function 访问函数account 账户action动作activate 激活active活动的actual parameter 实参adapter适配器add-in插件address 地址address space地址空间address-of operator取地址操作符ADL(argument-dependent lookup)ADO(ActiveX Data Object)ActiveX 数据对象advancedaggregation聚合、聚集algorithm 算法alias别名align排列、对齐allocate分配、配置allocator分配器、配置器angle bracket 尖括号annotation注解、评注API(Application Programming Interface)应用(程序)编程接口app domain(application domain)应用域application应用、应用程序application framework 应用程序框架appearance 外观append附加architecture架构、体系结构archive file归档文件、存档文件argument引数(传给函式的值)。参见parameterarray数组arrow operator箭头操作符ASP(Active Server Page)活动服务器页面ASP.NET worker process ASP.NET 工作者进程assembly装配件、配件assembly language 汇编语片assembly manifest 装配件清单assert(ion)断言assign赋值assignment赋值、分 酉 己assignment operator 赋值操作符associated相关的、相关联的associative container 关联式容器(对应 sequential container)asynchronous 异步的atomic原子的atomic operation 原子操作attribute特性、属性authentication service 验证月艮务authorization 授权audio音频A.L人工智能B2B integration B2B 整合、B2B 集成(business-to-business integration)background背景、后台(进程)backward compatible向后兼容、向下兼容backup备份backup device备份设备backup file备份文件bandwidth 带宽base class 基类base type基类型batch批处理BCL(base class library)基类库binary 二进制binary search 二分查找binary tree 二叉树binary function 双参函数binary large object 二进制大对象binary operator 二元操作符binding 绑定b it位bitmap位图bitwise按位bitwise copy为单元进行复制；位元逐一复制，按位拷bitwise operation 按位运算block块、区块、语句块bookkeeping 簿记boolean布林值(真假值,true或false)border边框bounds checking 边界检查boxing装箱、装箱转换brace(curly brace)大括号、花括号bracket(square brakcet)中括号、方括号breakpoint 断点browser applications浏览器应用(程序)browser-accessible application可经由浏览器访问的应用程序build编连(专指编译和连接built-in内建、内置bus总线business业务、商务(看场合)business Logic 业务逻辑business rules 业务规则buttons 按钮bug臭虫by/through 通过byte位元组(由8 bits组成)cache高速缓存calendar 口历call调用callback 回调call-level interface(CLI)调用级接口(CLI)call operator调用操作符candidate key 候 选 键(for database)cascading delete 级联册ij除(for database)cascading update 级联更新(for database)casting转型、造型转换catalog 目录chain 链(function calls)character 字符character format 字符格式character set 字符集CHECK constraints CHECK 约 束(for database)checkpoint 检 查 点(for database)check box复选框check button复选按钮child class 类CIL(common intermediate language)通用中间语言、通用中介语言class 类class declaration 类声明class definition 类定义class derivation list 类继承列表class factory 类厂class hierarchy类层次结构class library 类库class loader类装载器class template 类模板class template partial specializations 类模板部分特化class template specializations 类模板特化classification 分类clause子句client application客户端应用程序client cursor 客户端游标(for database)code page代码页cleanup清理、清除CLI(Common Language Infrastructure)通用语言基础设施client客户、客户端client area 客户区client-server客户机/服务器、客户端/服务器clipboard剪贴板clone克隆CLS(common language specification)通用语言规范code access security 代码访问安全COFF(Common Object File Format)通用对象文件格式collection 集合COM(Component Object Model)组件对象模型combo box组合框command line 命令行comment 注释commit 提 交(for database)communication 通讯compatible 兼容compile tim e编译期、编译时compiler编译器component 组件composite index 复合索弓I、组合索弓I (for database)composite key 复合键、组合键(for database)composition复合、组合concept 概念concrete具体的concrete class 具体类concurrency并发、并发机制constraint 约 束(for database)configuration 配置、组态connection 连 接(for database)connection pooling 连接池console控制台constant 常量construct 构件、成分、概念、构 造(for language)constructor(ctor)构造函数、构造器container 容器containment 包容context环境、上下文control 控件cookie(不译)copy拷贝CORBA 通用对象请求中介架构(Common Object Request Broker Architecture)cover覆盖、涵盖create/creation 创建、生成crosstab query 交叉表查询(for database)CRTP(curiously recurring template pattern)CTS(common type system)通用类型系统cube 多维数据集(for database)cursor光标cursor 游 标(for database)custom定制、自定义data数据data connection 数据连接(for database)Data Control Language(DCL)数据控制语言(DCL)(for database)Data Definition Language(DDL)数据定义语言(DDL)(for database)data dictionary 数据字典(for database)data dictionary view 数据字典视图(for database)data file 数据文件(for database)data integrity 数据完整性(for database)data manipulation language(DML)数据操作语言(DML)(for database)data mart 数据集市(for database)data pump 数据抽取(for database)data scrubbing 数据清理(for database)data source 数据源(for database)Data source name(DSN)数据源名称(DSN)(for database)data warehouse 数据仓库(for database)dataset 数据集(for database)database 数据库(for database)database catalog 数据库目录(for database)database diagram 数据关系图(for database)database file 数据库文件(for database)database object 数据库对象(for database)database owner 数据库所有者(for database)database project 数据库工程(for database)database role 数据库角色(for database)database schema数据库模式、数据库架构(for database)database script 数据库脚本(for database)data-bound 数据绑定(for database)data-aware control 数据感知控件(for database)data member数据成员、成员变量dataset 数据集(for database)data source 数据源(for database)data structure 数据结构data table 数据表(for database)datagram数据报文DBMS(database management system)数据库管理系统(for database)DCOM(distributed COM)分布式 COMdead lock 死 锁(for database)deallocate 归还debug调试debugger调试器decay退化decision support 决策支持declaration 声明declarative referential integrity(DRI)声明引用完整性(DRI)(for database)deduction 推导DEFAULT constraint 默认约束(for database)default database 默认数据库(for database)default instance 默认实例(for database)default result set 默认结果集(for database)default缺省、默认值defer推迟definition 定义delegate 委托delegation 委托dependent namedeploy部署dereference 解弓I用dereference operator(提领)运算子derived class 派生类design by contract 契约式设计design pattern 设计模式destroy 销毁destructor(dtor)析构函数、析构器device设备DHTML(dynamic HyperText Markup Language)动态超文本标记语言dialog对话框digest摘要digital数字的DIME(Direct Internet Message Encapsulation)直接 Internet 消息封装directive(编译)指示符directory 目录dirty pages 脏 页(for database)dirty read 脏 读(for database)disassembler反汇编器DISCO(Discovery of Web Services)Web Services 的查找disk 盘dispatch调度、分派、派发(我喜欢 调度)DISPID(Dispatch Identifier)分派标识符distributed computing 分布式计算distributed query 分布式查询(for database)DNA(Distributed interNet Application)分布式网间应用程序document 文档DOM(Document Object Model)文档对象模型dot operator(圆)点操作符driver驱动(程序)DTD(document type definition)文档类型定义double-byte character set(DBCS)双字节字符集(DBCS)dump转储dump file转储文件dynamic cursor 动态游标(for database)dynamic filter 动态筛选(for database)dynamic locking 动态锁定(for database)dynamic recovery 动态恢复(for database)dynamic snapshot 动态快照(for database)dynamic SQL statements 动态 SQL 语 句(for database)dynamic assembly动态装配件、动态配件dynamic binding 动态绑定EAI(enterprise application integration)企业应用程序集成(整合)EBCO(empty base class optimization)空基类优化(机制)e-business电子商务EDI(Dlectronic Data Interchange)数据交换efficiency 效率efficient 高效end-to-end authentication 端对端身份验证end user最终用户engine 弓I擎entity实体encapsulation 封装enclosing class外围类别(与巢状类别nested class有关)enum(enumeration)枚举enumerators枚举成员、枚举器equal相等equality相等性equality operator 等号操作符error log 错误日志(for database)escape code 转义码escape character转义符、转义字符exclusive lock 排 它 锁(for database)explicit transaction 显式事务(for database)evaluate 评估event事件event driven事件驱动的event handler事件处理器evidence 证据exception 异常exception declaration 异常声明exception handling异常处理、异常处理机制exception-safe异常安全的exception specification 异常规范exit退出explicit 显式explicit specialization 显式特化export导出expression 表达式facility设施、设备fat client胖客户端feature特性、特征fetch提取field 字段(java)field 字 段(for database)field length 字段长度(for database)file 文件filter 筛 选(for database)finalization 终结firewall防火墙finalizer终 结 至 岸firmware 固件flag标记flash memory 闪存flush刷新font字体foreign key(FK)夕 卜 键(FK)(for database)form 窗体formal parameter 形参forward declaration 前置声明forward-only只向前的forward-only cursor 只向前游标(for database)fragmentation 碎 片(for database)framework 框架full specialization 完全特化function 函数function call operator(即 operator()函数调用操作符function object 函数对象function overloaded resolution 函数重载决议functionality 功能function template 函数模板functor仿函数GAC(global assembly cache)全局装配件缓存、全局配件缓存GC(Garbage collection)垃圾回收(机制)、垃圾收集(机制)game游戏generate 生成generic泛化的、一般化的、通用的generic algorithm 通用算法genericity 泛型getter(相对于setter)取值函数global全局的global object全局对象global scope resolution operator 全局范围解析操作符grant 授 权(for database)granularity 粒度group组、群group box分组框G U I图形界面GUID(Globally Unique Identifier)全球唯一标识符hand shaking 握手handle句柄handler处理器hard-coded硬编码的hard-copy截屏图hard disk 硬盘hardware 硬件hash table散列表、哈希表header file 头文件heap 堆help file 帮助文件hierarchy层次结构、继承体系hierarchical data阶层式数据、层次式数据hook钩子Host(application)宿主(应用程序)hot key热键hyperlink超链接HTML(HyperText Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP pipeline HTTP 管道HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol)超文本传输协议icon图标IDE(Integrated Development Environment)集成开发环境IDL(Interface Definition Language)接口定义语言identifier 标识符idle tim e空闲时间if and only if当且仅当IL(Intermediate Language)中间语言、中介语言image图象IM E输入法immediate base 直接基类immediate derived宜接沙直生类immediate updating 即时更新(for database)implicit transaction I 怨式事务(for database)incremental update 增量更新(for database)index 索弓I (for database)implement 实现implementation实现、实现品implicit 隐式import导入increment operator 增力口操作符infinite loop无限循环infinite recursive 无限递归information 信息infrastructure 基础设施inheritance继承、继承机制inline内联inline expansion 内联展开initialization 初始化initialization list初始化列表、初始值列表initialize 初始化inner join 内联接(for database)in-place active 现场激活instance 实例instantiated具现化、实体化(常应用于template)instantiation具现体、具现化实体(常应用于template)integrate集成、整合integrity完整性、致性integrity constraint 完整性约束(for database)interprocess communication(IPC)进程间通讯(IPC)interacts 交互interface 接口for G U I界面interoperability互操作性、互操作能力interpreter 解释器introspection 自省invariants 不变性invoke调用isolation level 隔离级别(for database)iterate 迭代iterative反复的、迭代的iterator迭代器iteration迭代(回圈每次轮回称为一个iteration)item 项、条款、项目JIT compilation JIT编译即时编译key 键(for database)key column 键 歹 U (for database)laser激光late binding 迟绑定left outer join 左向外联接(for database)level阶、层例high level高阶、高层library 库lifetime生命期、寿命link连接、链接linkage连接、链接linker连接器、链接器literal constant 字面常数list列表、表、链表list box列表框livelock 活 锁(for database)load装载、加载load balancing 负载平衡loader装载器、载入器local局部的local object局部对象lock 锁lo g 日志login登录login security mode 登录安全模式(for database)lookup table 查找表(for database)loop循环loose coupling 松散耦合lvalue左值machine code机器码、机器代码macro 宏maintain 维护managed code受控代码、托管代码Managed Extensions受控扩充件、托管扩展managed object受控对象、托管对象mangled namemanifest 清单manipulator操纵器(iostream预先定义的一种东西)many-to-many relationship 多对多关系(for database)many-to-one relationship 多*j关 系(for database)marshal 歹U集member成员member access operator成员取用运算子(有dot和arrow两种)member function 成员函数member initialization list 成员初始值歹I 表memberwise 以 member 为单元、members 逐一memberwise copymemory内存memory leak内存泄漏menu菜单message 消息message based基于消息的message loop 消息环message queuing 消息队歹Umetadata元数据metaprogramming 元编程method方法micro 微middleware 中间件middle tier 中间层modeling 建模modeling language 建模语言modifier修饰字、修饰符modem调制解调器module模块most derived class最底层的派生类mouse鼠标mutable可变的mutex互斥元、互斥体multidimensional OLAP(MOLAP)多维 OLAP(MOLAP)(for database)multithreaded server application多线程服务器应用程序multiuser多用户multi-tasking 多任务multi-thread 多线程multicast delegate组播委托、多点委托named parameter 命名参数named pipe命名管道namespace名字空间、命名空间native原生的、本地的native code本地码、本机码Native Image Generator(NGEN)本地映像生成器nested class 嵌套类nested query 嵌套查询(for database)nested table 嵌套表(for database)network 网络network card 网卡nondependent nameobject对象object based基于对象的object file 目标文件object model对象模型object oriented面向对象的object pooling 对象池化ODBC data source ODBC 数据源(for database)ODBC driver ODBC 驱动程序(for database)ODR(one-definition rule)OLE Automation objects OLE 自动化对象(for database)OLE Automation server OLE 自动化服务器(for database)OLE DB consumer OLE DB 使用者(for database)OLE DB for OLAP 用于 OLAP 的 OLE DB(for database)OLE DB provider OLE DB 提供者(for database)one-to-many relationship 对多关系(for database)one-to-one relationship-对一关系(for database)online analytical processing(OLAP)联机分析处理(OLAP)(for database)online redo log 联机重做日志(for database)online transaction processing(OLTP)联机事务处理(OLTP)(for database)Open Data Services(ODS)开放式数据服务(ODS)(for database)Open Database Connectivity(ODBC)开放式数据库连接(ODBC)(for database)operand操作数operating system(OS)操作系统operation 操作operator操作符、运算符option选项optimizer优化器outer join 外联接(for database)overflow上限i益位(相对于underflow)overhead额外开销overload 重载overload resolution 重载;决议overloaded function 重载的函数overloaded operator被重载的操作符override覆写、重载、重新定义package 包packaging 打包palette调色板parallel 并行parameter参数、形式参数、形参parameter list 参数列表parameterize 参数化parent class 父类parentheses圆括弧、圆括号parse解析parser解析器part零件、部件partial specialization 局部特化pass by address传址(函式引数的传递方式)(非正式用语)pass by reference传地址、按引用传递pass by value按值传递pattern 模式PDA(personal digital assistant)个人数字助理PE(Portable Executable)file 可移植可执行文件performance 性能persistence 持久性PInvoke(platform invoke service)平台调用服务pixel像素placement deleteplacement newplaceholder 占位符platform 平台POD(plain old data(type)POI(point of instantiation)pointer 指针poll轮询pooling 池化polymorphism 多态pop u p 弹出式port 端口postfix 后缀precedence优先序(通常用于运算子的优先执行次序)prefix前缀preprocessor预处理器primary key(PK)主键(PK)(for database)primary table 主 表(for database)primary template 原始模板primitive type 原始类型print打印printer打印机procedure 过程procedural过程式的、过程化的process 进程profile 评测profiler效能(性能)评测器program 程序programmer 程序员programming编程、程序设计progress bar进度指示器projec