2021年高考热点037选5（新高考）-2021年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练解析版(一).pdf

【命 题 趋 势】在 一 篇 约 300词的说明文中留出五个空白，要求考生从七个备选项（以完整句子形式出现）中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。本题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的懂得和掌握。【满 分 本 领】A.思量句间关系句 间 关 系 指 的 是：逻辑关系、语法关系和词语关系。七 选 五 题的特点是：在 备选句子中与空白前后的句子必然有显明的一样或相关词、短语，来明示前后句之间的关系。是以在做此类问题时，弄清楚备选句子与空白处的前、后句所蕴含的某些关系即可解题。这一点在解题时起首思量，应用得最多。B.思量句段关系句段关系指的是句子与所在段之间的关系或与上下两段之间的关系。C.思量句篇关系句篇关系指的是与整个语篇结构有关的选句填空。主要从文章主旨的确定和开头段、末端段的作用这二个角度思量。【“七选五”阅读懂得试题及其考查要求】1.考查历史与现状。“七选五”阅读懂得试题是自2021年起英语高考新课标卷最先使 用 的 一种阅读 懂 得（新）题型：目前全国三套试卷、北京卷和浙江卷均采纳该题型。2.试题要求与结构。“七选五”阅读位于阅读懂得部分第二节，该部分共设5 个小题，试题由一篇去掉五个句子（或短语）的短文和七个选项句（或短语）组成，要求考生根据短文的内容选出最佳选项填入空白处。其问题要求为：“根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。”3.所考查的学科核心素养（语言功底、文化意识、思维品质、学习功底）。依据 课程标准2021，“阅读懂得主要考查学生懂得书面语篇的功底，其中包罗对语篇内容、语篇结构的懂得和掌握，也包罗对语篇内容的解析、阐释和评价。七选五 阅读懂得试题 课程标准2021 中所提到的句子还原题，其说明为：“短文中的若干个句子（如五个句子）被摘出，打乱次序后与另外两个句子置于短文之后。考生根据短文内容，从短文后的七个句子中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。此题型主要考查学生懂得语篇上下文逻辑关系的功底。”该题型不仅要求考生能够懂得语篇内容，还要求考生能懂得语篇上下文逻辑关系，注重对语篇结构的考查。由此可见:“七选五”阅读懂得强调对语篇结构的考查。【“七选五”阅读懂得解题步骤】第一步，飞快浏览全文，留神文章的首段和其它段落的首句，判断语篇类型和主题语境，初步明白文章的主题和文本结构。第二步，浏览文章后所给出的选项，察看设空的位置，参加是说明文，可根据所保留的平行段落首句先尝试确定主旨类选项，然后把确定的主旨类选项放到段落中验证。第三步，逐段阅读，依据设空的差别位置，操纵文章框架结构、段落结构、上 下文逻辑关系、句式结构、词汇衔接等来断定每空应填入细节性过渡衔接与注释选项，做题时必然要勾画出文章和选项中起到纽带和关联作用的 关键信息词，如上 面提到的 指代、同义词复现、同根词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、上下义词复现等，还要注重一些示意逻辑关系线索的毗邻词，做到通篇思量、上下文兼顾、语意与逻辑关系并重、先易后难。参加某一空做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，末了采纳排除的方式来确定应填入的选项。第四步，将已确定的答案代入原文通读，查抄篇章结构是否公道，段落中句子间的语意和逻辑是否通顺连贯，如有问题，及时修正答案。【“七选五”阅读懂得常用解题方式】解答“七选五 阅读懂得题的常用方式有：1.操纵篇章结构解题；2.操纵篇章中的问题、小问题、项目符、序号和突出的字体等信息解题；3.操纵段落内句子之间的逻辑关系解题；4.操纵主旨句信息和句式结构解题；5.操纵词汇衔接解题：6.操纵指代解题；7.操纵句子结构和标点符号解题。在解题过程中，要针对具体的问题挑选使用恰当的方式，有时需要综合使用上述方式。【“七选五”阅读懂得常用解题方式】1.遗漏细节信息而主观臆断。答题时必然要找到并勾画出相关信息，依据这些信息做出理性判断，防止根据个人感性认知做出主观臆断，成果答错试题。2.缺乏对文章的深度懂得而轻率作答。考生需要深度懂得文章，对文中信息进行具体地解析、归纳、推断、对照后才能做出对的挑选。在 阅 读的过程中，不仅要懂得文章外观的意思，还要懂得字里行间隐含的意思。答题时，要对文章中的信息做综合解析，并进行正确地加工转换，才能选出最佳答案。3.忽略篇章和段落的文本结构层次而盲目判断。参加在阅读过程中忽略篇章和段落的组织结构，只从微观层面词句入手，就很难做到对篇章全面正确地懂得，直接影响解答主旨归纳综合类和文本结构类试题。这一题型的解答必然要从文章篇章和段落组织结构入手，卖力地解析段落间的关系、段落内句子之间的语意和逻辑关系，才能做出对的判断。【常见文本结构图】9 (P 5)【热点话题】阅读、康健、运动、社会热点、垃圾分类等【限时校测】（建议用时：40分钟）话题：介绍了几个自我接纳的 小本领难度：建议用时：5 分（2021年高考英语全国卷2021新课标I 七选五）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far outof reach.36 Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.Why do youfollow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is betterthan theirs?Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of ourshortcomings,our mistakes and our failures.38 You will make mistakes,time and timeagain.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better,why not offer yourself acompassionate（有同情心）response?”That didnt go as planned.But,I tried my best.n Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain tolook at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have ajob,earned your degree,and you got out of bed today.39Now that youve listed your strengths,list your imperfections.Turn the page in yourjournal.Put into words why you feel unworthy,why you dont feel good enough.Now,readthese words back to yourself.40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths andachievements.See how awesome you are?A.Feeling upset again?B.Where do you start?C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.D.Remember,you are only human.E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.F.Stop comparing yourself with others.G.When does the comparison game start?（答案解析36.B 37.F 38.D 39.C 40.A【试题解答】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小本领。36.根据问题 A Few Tips for Self-acceptance 及下文的 Heres a handful of ways that will setyou in the right direction4这有无数可以帮你找到正确方向的 方式。）可知，选 项 B.Wheredo you s ta rt?（从哪里最先那？）最合下文语境，故选B 项。37.根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life isbetter than theirs?Know that your life is your own;you are the only one in this world.（你是 否希望终极你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己 的；你 在 这 个 天 下 上 是 独 一 无 二 的。）可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作对照，因 为 生 活 是 我 们 自 己 的，我们也是天下上独一无二的。故 F.Stop comparingyourself with others.（中断把自己和别人进行对照。）可以作为 本段中间句，故选F 项。38.根据本文的 中间句 Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.（包涵自己所犯的错误。）及下文的You will make mistakes,time and time again.（你会一次又一次地犯错误。）可知，选项D.Remember,you are only human.（记住，你只是个人。）与上下文衔接最好，故选D 项。39.根据上 文 List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job,earnedyour degree,and you got out of bed today.（列出你所有的 成就。你有了 一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。）可知，选项C.Nothing is too small to celebrated没有什么事是 太小而不值得庆贺。）与上文衔接最好，故选C 项。40.联合上 文 Put into words why you feel unworthy,why you don*t feel good enough.Now,read these words back to yourself.（用语言来说明为 什么你感觉 自己不值得,为 什么你感觉自己不够好。此 刻，自己读一下这些话。）和下文的Turn to a page in yourjournal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are?（翻至！J你日 i己 本上 记下你的 有点和成就的 那页。看到你有多棒了吗？）可知，选 项 A.Feeling upsetagain?（再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？）最合上 下文语境，故选A 项。【文本结构图】B话题：介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优难 度：建议用时：5 分势（2021年高考英语全国卷2021 新课标H七选五）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace CommunicationIn Asia,messaging platforms are growing rapidly,with users in the hundreds of millions,both at work and play.36.Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some westerncountries are using emojis at work.Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor andfeeling,keeping intention clear.37.encouraging better and more frequentcommunication.In any given office,employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,and findingcommon ground in communication style can be a challenge.38.While the youngergenerations prefer to communicate visually,for those used to working with traditional tools likeemail,it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）.The good news is that its simple to learn and canbe worth the effort.There is also the matter of tone（语气）.Who hasnt received an email so annoying that itruined an entire day?39.Emoji can help communication feel friendlier,and even aserious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.40 and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.And when youremployees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication,youll know you havesucceeded in improving your work culture.A.Message with emojis feel more conversationalB.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform（答案解析36.D 37.A 38.G 39.B 40.F【试题解答】本 文 是 一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。36.根据前句“In Asia,messaging platforms are growing rapidly,with users in thehundreds of millions,both at work and play.（在 亚洲，即时通讯平台正在 敏捷发展，无论是 工作仍是 娱乐，者 R 有,数亿用户）和后句Its been reported that 76 percent of employees insome western countries are using emojis at work.（据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的 员工在工作中使用表情符号）可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受迎接程度。所以挑选项D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally.（这些平台的 受迎接程度正在 全球蔓延）吻合题意。故选D。37.根据前句Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping intention clear.（使用表情符号可以增添幽默和感情，连结明白的 意图）”和后半句encouraging better and morefrequent communication.（激劝更好更频繁的 交流）”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的利益。所以挑选项A.Messages with Emojis feel more conversational.（使用表情符号的 信息让人感觉更健谈）吻合题意。故选A。38.根据前句In any given office,employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge.（在 任何一间办公室，员工年纪从2 2 岁 到 7 0 岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点大概是一项挑战）”中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与挑选项中“all work generations”是 一致 的。故选G。39.根据前句 Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire d a y?（谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？”和后文介绍表情的利益，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的 瑕玷。所以挑选项 B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly.（纵然是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友爱）故选B。40.根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.（并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的成果）“可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的益处。所以挑选项 F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace.（研究表明,更友爱的沟通会带来更愉快的工作场所）故选F。【文本结构图】C话题：介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼品的拔取，运难 度：建议用时：5 分动放置和名称的由来（2021年高考英语全国卷2021新课标W七选五）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a newapartment or house.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty.The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.36 Andit is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local orstore or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools likeknives and things like curtains.Even if there isnt a registry,a good housewanning gift issomething to decorate the new house with,like a piece of art or a plant.38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess ofthe party will,however,probably give all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes,because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home,people may be asked to help unpack boxes.39Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people wouldactually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.40 Now most homes have centralheating and dont use fires to keep warm.A.This isnt usual though.B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewanning party.C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D.If youre lucky enough to receive gifts,keep them in a safe place.E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm fbr the winter.【答案解析】36.E 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.G【试题解答】本文是 说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼品的 拔取，运动放置和名称的由来。36.上 句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the newhome.（这个聚会是朋侪和家人祝贺新家的时机）。介绍庆贺乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋侪祝贺搬新家的 人的一次时机，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with loveand hopefully presents.（此刻是时辰用爱和希望的礼品来填补新家了）。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼品的好时机。E 项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的时机。与上下句并列，都是庆贺乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。37.下文 Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools likeknives and things like curtains.和 like a piece of art or a plant.列举了参加聚会所带礼品的 清单，可所以厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼品有关，B 项：带礼品去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，归纳综合了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。38.本段介绍了聚会的 运动放置，根 据 后 文 This is often appreciated since at ahousewarming there isnt a lot of food served.（这一点平常是 值得 赞 赏 的，因为 在 乔迁派对上不会提供无数食物）。指出因为新迁居，所以主人不会筹办太丰盛的食物或太多 的 运 动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享迁居,所以主人不会筹办太丰盛的食物或太多的运动。C 项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人率领客人参观新家。上句提到，因为乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举办的，人们大概会被要求扶助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们协助干活是不常见的，A 项：但这并不常见。表达了此意,与上文衔接，故选A。40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的 由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼品，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G 项：如许人们就可以在冬天的时辰连结家里温暖。吻合语境。故选G。【文本结构图】D话题：介绍成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则难 度：建议用时：5 分（2021年高考英语.山东卷 七选五）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16 Do you want to be agood public speaker?Here are some principles you must master.People want to listen to someone who is interesting,relaxed and comfortable.Too oftenwhen you stand up to give a speech,you focus on the“public“at the expense of the speaking.“17 Focus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience,be yourself and make aconnection.Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet,the only one who caresabout any mistake is the one who is speaking.Peoples attention wanders constantly.In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.So,dont stop speaking whenyou make a mistake unless its a truly serious one.18Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19 And like everything else in life,that takes practice.Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistentbasis.20 Os rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.ctOn theother hand,you probably cant count the times that youve thought,Tm glad that talk is over.It seemed to go on forever!”So surprise your audience.Always make your presentation just a bitshorter than anticipated.It9s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlesslyin their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You dont need to apologize for a minor slip.D.When it comes to public speaking,less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audienceF.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listenersG.However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.【答案解析】16.G 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D【试题解答】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。16.本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G 项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是 因 为 他 们 受过练习。与上句转折，引出本文主题-演讲者要练习。故选G。17.卜句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注重力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注重力放在“公众”上，而 不 是 演讲 上。这 是 错误的做法，A 项 Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句对的做法。故选A。18.本段提到纵然成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当犯错时不要中断演讲，除非是十分严峻的错误。C 项:你不需要为一个小失误报歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲犯错的方式。故选C。19.本段是说明练习的重:要性。上句提到你的目的不是成为一个完美的演说家,下句应该说明目的是 什么。B.You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。20.下文提到观众并不是 认为 演讲越长越好，根 据 Always make your presentation justa bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D 项:公布演讲时，平常少就是多。说明了演讲时,多和少的辩证关系。故选D。【文本结构图】E话题：文章讲述了作者养成几个生活风俗的缘故难度：建议用时：5 分（2021年高考英语.浙江卷七选五）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I experienced years of loneliness as a child.31 His friends teased him aboutbabysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.With no other kids of my agein the neighborhood,I had to spend hours by myself.A bright spot for me turned out to be reading.My love of the written word began early as mymother read to me every evening.32 I started reading books on my own before age 5 andmy mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books.I quickly graduatedfrom typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters.Reading openednew worlds to me.33My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I tried making toy cars withcardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my fathergave me.When my mother saw my creations,she told me how creative my designs were.34 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them intosomething new and useful.It was a trait（特点）others found helpful,and I soon had friendswho wanted to make things with me.35 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside,no matter theweather or season.My brother,of course,raced off to be with his friends,