考研英语必备.pdf

在阅读题和词汇语法题中，有这几个词的选项肯定是答案：beyond,entitle,availabel,bargain,lest,except for在“自然科学”阅读中，有这几个词的选项肯定要排除：all,only,totally,compalatly,unlimiely.在“态度题”中，有这两个词的选项要排除：indiffrent（漠不关心的），subject（主观的）词汇：（很有冲刺性）come go keep hold get put make turn bring look call ask stand lay run live以上词跟介词搭配必考几道！重点记忆词汇（括号内注明的是这次要考的意思）bargain（见了 就选）except for（见了 就选）offer（录取通知书）effects（个人财物）gap（不足、差距）mark（污点、做标记）mind（照料、看管）moment（考了 8 次）present（拿出）inquiredeliberateadvisableaccuseanything butbut forconsume withextensive atintervalsoriginpreferable toprocedureprofitablepropertypacepointrangerefuserefer toreliefreligionrelativelyreleaserisesinglesolespoilsticksuitsuipriseurgentvarytensetoleranttracevacantweakenwear off（有一些你总见到，但是总是拿不准代表什么，但真的就爱考这个！所以还是背背吧）需要辨析的：l.call off（取消、放弃）和 call up（召集、唤起）2.adapt to 和 adopt3.arise 和 arouse4.count on=rely on5.cope with=deal with6.no doubt 和 in doubt7.employee 和 employer8.general 和 generous9.instant 和 constant10.lie（及物）和 lay（不及物）11.regulate 和 regular12.supply（有目的提供）和 offer（无目的提供）语法：（分值小）1.虚拟语气：采集者退散表示建议的几个词：wish,would rather,had rather;it is time that+过去式；it is high time that+过去式;but for、lest、as if as though、would、shouldN could might+动词原型。2.非谓语动词：采集者退散最常考：不定式表示主动、将来，通常爱做后置定语；其次考：分词现在分词表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。通常做状语。再次考：动名词动词名词化，做主语和宾语。3.时态：按出题可能性大小依次为：将来完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在完成时，一般现在时。（固定搭配很重要 !记一下绝对对完型翻译还有作文有好处噢一）四、六级常考重点词组abide by,conform to,comply with 遵守（be）abundant in（be rich in）富于，富有of ones own accord(willingly)自愿地，主动地in accordance with(according to)依照，根据 in terms of 根据take.into account(take into consideration)把 考虑进去on no account(=in no case,for no reason)绝不要adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自 己适应于in addition to(=as well as)除.夕 卜in advance预告，事先.take advantage of(=make the best of,make use of)利用.in the air不肯定，在谣传中.叩peal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to s b.对某人有吸引力approve of 赞成 in favour of 赞成assure sb.of sth 向.保证，使.确信make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)试图做attend to 侍候，照料attributeto 把.归因于.contribute t o 有 助 于 due t o 是由于at ones back支持，维护on the basis of 根据for the benefit of 为 了的利益get the better of(=defeat sb.)打败in blossom 开花in bulk成批地center on(=focus o n)把注意力集中在 卜.by chance(=accidentally,by accident)偶然charge sb.with.控告某人犯有.round the clock(昼夜不停地commit oneself to 致力于compare.with.把与比 较 compare.to.把比作on condition that(if)如果 in the event thatconfide in 对讲真心话,be confronted with 面对,面临in connection with 与.有关be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道consent to 同意under consideration 在考虑中consist of(=be composed of)ill.组成的contrary to(opposite to)与.相反in contrast to/with和形成对比by contrast对比之卜by comparison比较起来at all costs不惜任何代价.go to any length想一切办法by all means不惜一切.at the cost of 以.为代价(at the expense of)to ones credit使某人感到光荣be critical o f 爱挑毛病的，不满out of date过时的；up to date最近的，时兴的；date back to 回溯到；date from从某时期开始on the decline在哀退中，在减少中in demand有需求deprive sb.of sth.剥夺某人某物deviate from 偏离fall back(retreat,turn back)撤退dispose of(get rid o f,throw away)处理掉beyond dispute无可争议in dispute在争议中distinguish.from把与区别开do away with废除，杀掉on earth究竟，在世上at ease自在go into effect 生效.come into effect;take effect 开始生效place(or put,lay)an emphasis on 强调 tat ones wits end 黔驴技穷come to and end(finish)结束enter fo r报名参加be entitled to有 权 有 资 格.be equipped w ith装备有，装有in essence本质上at all events无论如何at any rate无论如何in the event of(=in case of)万一with the exception of(apart from)除去.，除以外in excess of 超过exchange.for 以交换exert oneself to do sth.努力come into existence 开始存在beyond expression 无法形容go to extremes 走极端in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,转眼间keep faith w ith对守信用lose faith i n 对失去信心fall into the habit of 养成习惯in fashion时兴，流行be fed up with 厌烦set the world on fire 非常成功at first sight 乍一看free of charge 免费furnish.with(supply)向提供take.for granted把.认为理所当然的.on the ground of(=because o f)以为理由be guilty o f有罪或过失come to a halt(stop)停止head for前 往 leave fo r到去in ones honour(in honour of)祝贺，纪念 on memory of 为纪念.on ones honour以某人的名誉担保be identical with 和相同impose.on 把.强加在impress.on给留下印象inclusive o f 把包括在内indicative of 表明，说明be inferior to 比差 superior tobe innocent of 无罪的in the interests o f 符合的利益interfere in 干涉 intervene in 干预be involved in 卷入be jealous of 妒忌(be)keen on 喜爱,渴望 long forat large未被捕，详尽，普遍lean against(背)靠着in the light of考虑到，根据at the mercy of任.摆布，在支配下make the most of 充分利用nothing b u t只有，不过而已take notice of(pay attention)注意object t o 反 对 objection to(接动名词)反对once in a while(occasionally)偶尔originate in/from 起源于on the outskirts(o f)在城郊keep pace w ith跟并驾齐驱take pains 尽力part w ith分手，舍弃，卖掉participate in(take part in)参 力 口beside the point 离题 to the point 中肯，切题in practice实际上，业务熟练be(get)out of practice 荒疏,不熟练in the presence o f 在在场的情况下preside over/a t 主持(会议，业务等)prevail o v er占优势，压倒，战胜pre vent.from 使不，防止做previous to 在.之前 prior to 在前take pride in(=pride oneself on)以.自豪in progress 进行中in proportion to 与成比例out of the question 不可能 out of question 毫无疑问 in question 所谈及的at random随便地，任意地react t o 对作出反应reason with(=argue)以理服人refer to.as把称做relevant t o 与有 关 的 in relation to 有关resort to 诉诸于.respond to 对反应restrain.from 抑制.restrictto 把.限制于.give rise to(lead to)引起，导致for the sake of(for the good or advantage o f)为了起见，看在.的份上be for sale 待售on sale甩卖scrape through(in)勉强通过in season 旺季for short为简便，简 称 in short简 称 be short o f缺乏，不够take the side of 站在一边at the sight of 一看见 be in sight 看得见 out of sight 看不见speak ill o f 说的坏话;speak well o f 说的好话specialize in 擅长，专攻on the pot在现场，在出事地点，立即stand against 反对 stand for 支持.stick t o 粘着，坚持submit.to 提交be subject to 受支配suspect sb.o f 疑心某人犯有on second thoughts经再三考虑之后be typical o f 是的特点in view o f考虑到be in the way碍 事,阻 碍 in the w ay对方 式 in a w ay从某种程度上说at the thought of 想到yield t o 对屈服(文套，适用于字数凑不够的童鞋们还有实在不知道自己要写什么在写什么的同学们)综合运用篇Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention,one of which is that.随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是 OAs to whether it is a blessing or a curse,however,people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。Hold different attitudes持不同的看法(观点、态度)Come up with different attitudes有不同的看法o As society develops,people are attaching much importance to.随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。As to whether it is worthwhile.there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quitenatural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得 的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。In the process of modem urban development,we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern,some people are in alarm that.最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history,with the increasingly rapideconomic globalization and urbanization,more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。.plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of thepresent world,there comes a question,is it a blessing or a curse?”_ _ _ 显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：“我们该如何抉择？”Now we are entering a new era,full of opportunities and challenges现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。展现问题篇问题的常用词：question,problem,issueRecently,the issue o f.has been brought into public focus.近来，的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations,and great changeshave taken place in peoples attitude towards some traditional practice.www.E xamda.CoM 考试就到考试大现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。Recently the issue of whether or not.has been in the limelight and has aroused wideconcern in the public.近来，是否 的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。The issue whether it is good or not to.has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。At present,some people think.while others claim.Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人认为 而另一些人则认为 O 其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgroundshold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked some people think.while some prefer.说到,有人认为，而 另 一 些 人 则 认 为。Just as the saying goes:so many people,so many minds.It is quite understandable thatviews on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue,different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。（就是我们的“俗话说”，要能用上肯定感觉你特地道）四六级考试作文添彩的句子汇总1.Time flies.时光易逝。2.Time is money.一寸光阴一寸金。3.Time and tide wait for no man.岁月无情；岁月易逝；岁月不待人。4.Time tries all.时间检验一切。5.Time tries truth.时间检验真理。6.Time past cannot be called back again.光阴一去不复返。7.All time is no time when it is past.光阴一去不复返。8.No one can call back yesterday;Yesterday will not be called again.昨日不复来。9.Tomorrow comes never.切莫依赖明天。lO.One today is worth two tomorrows.一个今天胜似两个明天。11.The morning sun never lasts a day.好景不常；朝阳不能光照全日。12.Christmas comes but once a year.圣诞一年只一度。13.Pleasant hours fly past.快乐时光去如飞。14.Happiness takes no account of time.欢娱不惜时光逝。15.Time tames the strongest grief.时间能缓和极度的悲痛。16.The day is short but the work is much.工作多，光阴迫。17.Never deter till tomorrow that which you can do today.今日事须今日毕，切勿拖延到明天。18.Have you somewhat to do tomorrow,do it today.明天如有事，今天就去做。19.1b him that does everything in its proper time,one day is worth three.事事及时做，一日胜三日。20.1b save time is to lengthen life.节省时间就是延长生命。21.Everything has its time and that time must be watched.万物皆有时，时来不可失。22.Take time when time cometh,lest time steal away.时来必须要趁时，不然时去无声息。23.When an opportunity is neglected,it never comes back to you.机不可失，时不再来；机会一过，永不再来。24.Make hay while the sun shines.晒草要趁太阳好。25.Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。26.Work today,for you know not how much you may be hindered tomrrow.今朝有事今朝做，明朝可能阻碍多。27.Punctuality is the soul of business.守时为立业之要素。28.Procrastination is the thief of time.因循拖延是时间的大敌；拖延就是浪费时间。29.Every tide has its ebb.潮涨必有潮落时。30.Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。31.Wisdom is more to be envied than riches.知识可羡，胜于财富。32.Wisdom is better than gold or silver.知识胜过金银，33.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.胸中有知识，胜于手中有钱。34.Wisdom is a good purchase though we pay dear for it.为了求知识，代价虽高也值得。35.Doubt is the key of knowledge.怀疑是知识之钥。36.If you want knowledge,you must toil for it.若要求知识，须从勤苦得。37.A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.浅学误人。38.A handful of common sense is worth a bushel of learning.少量的常识，当得大量的学问。39.Knowledge advances by steps and not by leaps.知识只能循序渐进，不能跃进。4O.Learn wisdom by the follies of others.从旁人的愚行中学到聪明。41.It is good to learn at another mans cost.前车可鉴。42.Wisdom is to the mind what health is to the body.知识之于精神，一如健康之于肉体。43.Experience is the best teacher*.经验是最好的教师。44.Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是知识之父，记忆是知识之母。45.Dexterity comes by experience.熟练来自经验。46.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。47.Experience keeps a dear school,but fools learn in no other.经验学校学费高，愚人旁处学不到。48.Experience without learning is better than learning without experience.有经验而无学问，胜于有学问而无经验。49.Wit once bought is worth twice taught.由经验而得的智慧，胜于学习而得的智慧；一次亲身的体会，胜过两次的教师教导。5O.Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。51.Business is the salt of life.事业是生命之盐。52.Business before pleasure.事业在先，享乐在后。53.Business makes a man as well as tries him.事业可以考验人，也可以造就人。54.Business neglected is business lost.忽视职业便是放弃职业。55.Never think yourself above business.勿自视过高；不要眼高手低；永远不要认为自己是大才小用。56.Business may be troublesome,but idleness is pernicious.事业虽扰人，懒惰害更大。57.He that thinks his business below him will always be above his business.自命大才小用，往往眼高手低。58.Do business,but be not a slave to it.要做事，但不要做事务的奴隶。59.Everybodys business is nobodys business.众人的事就是无人过问的事。60.Work makes the workman.勤工出巧匠。61.Better master one than engage with ten.会十事，不如精一事。62.A work ill done must be twice done.首次做不好，必须重新搞。63.They who cannot do as they would,must do as they can.不能如愿而行，也须尽力而为。64.1f you would have a thing well done,do it yourself.想把事情来做好，就得亲自动手搞。65.He that doth most at once doth least.什么都想一次做完，结果一件也做不完；贪多嚼不烂。66.Do as most men do and men will speak well of thee.照大多数人那样干，人们会把你称赞。67.What may be done at any time will be done at no time.在任何时候都可做的事情，总是在任何时候都不做的事情。68.Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。69.Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的事，就值得做好。7O.The shortest answer is doing the thing.最简短的回答就是一个 干 字。71.Action is the proper fruit of knowledge.行动是知识之佳果。72.Finished labours are pleasant.完成工作是一乐。73.It is lost labour to sow where there is no soil.没有土壤，播种也是徒劳。74.It is right to put everything in its proper use.凡事都应用得其所。75.Affairs that are done by due degrees are soon ended.按部就班，事情很快就做完。76.A11 work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作，不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。77.Work bears witness who does well.工作能证明谁做的好。78.It is not work that kills,but worry.工作不会伤身，伤身乃是忧虑。79.He that will not work shall not eat.不工作者不得食。8O.Business is business.公事公办。81.Deliberate slowly,do promptly.慢慢酌量，快快行动。82.Put your shoulder to the wheel.努力工作。83.Never do things by halves.做事不要半途而废。84.1n for a penny,in for a pound.做事开头，就要做到底；不做，二不休。85.Many hands make quick work.人多力量大。86.Many hands make light work.众擎易举。87.A bad workman quarrels with his tools.技术拙劣的工人抱怨自己的工具。88.Diligence is the mohter of success.勤奋是成功之母。89.Idleness is the root of all evil.懒惰乃万恶之源。9O.Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋带来好运。91.Diligence is the mother of good fortune.勤勉是好运之母。92.Industry is fortunes right hand,and frugality her left.勤勉是幸运的右手，世俭是幸运的左手。93.Idleness is the key of beggary.懒惰出乞丐。94.No root,no fruit.无根就无果。95.Idle people(folks)have the most labour(take the most pains).懒人做工作，越懒越费力。96.Sl oth is the key of poverty.惰能致贫。97.Sl oth turneth the edge of wit.懒散能磨去才智的锋芒。98.An idle brain is the devils workshop.懒汉的头脑是魔鬼的工厂。99.The secret of wealth lies in the letters SAVE.节俭是致富的秘诀。100.An idle youth,a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。第一章二、选择题I C 2 D 3 A 4 D 5 C 6 C D 7 A 8 A9 C 1 0 B第二章二、选择题1 C2 A3 D4 D5 B6 C7 B8 B C9 D1 0 C1 1 C1 2 D1 3 B1 4 C D1 5 B三、计算题1.(1)Pe=6,Qe=2 0(2 )P 0=7,Qe=2 5第三章二、选择题1 C2 B3 B C4 A5 A6 B7 A8 C9 C1 0 D1 1 B1 2 B1 3 A1 4 D1 5 D三、计算题1.(1)e d=3/2(2)e d =2/3(3)与(2)的结果相同2.(1)预计销售量为9 9.2万个单位(2)价格应下调2 0.8 3%3.e d =14.汽油价格应上涨0.8美元第四章二、选择题1 D2 C3 B C4 C5 D6 D7 C D8 B D9 B1 0 B1 1 C1 2 A C三、计算题1.解：由 Q =1 0-2 P,可知:P =消费者剩余为：=5 Q-=9再，消费者剩余为：=5 Q-=12.解：由再由：可 知：3.X =1 0 Y =5 04.(1)X =1 /2 PX Y =1 /2 PV(2)X =2 5 0 Y =5 0(3)由于参加工会后获得的总效用大于参加工会前，所以应参加工会。5.(1)每周买1 2 盎司花生奶油，2 4 盎司果冻(2)果冻价格上涨后，每周买6 0/7 盎司花生奶油，1 2 0/7 盎司果冻(3)总支出应当增加1.2 元6.解:(1)由:即 5 0 X +1 0 Y =2 5 0 0可知：Y(2)Y =四、分析题2.所谓水和钻石的“价值悖论”是指：钻石用处极小而价格昂贵，生命必不可少的水却非常便宜，后者的价格常常不及前者的万分之一。水对人类的重要性的确远大于钻石，人们从水的消费中所得到的总效用T U也大于钻石。但是，水的价格并不是由水的总效用T U的大小来决定的，而是由最后-单位水的边际效用M U决定的。由于水资源相对充足，人们从最后一单位水中得到的边际效用很小，人们只愿意付非常低的价格。相反，钻石是很稀缺的，因此它的边际效用M U很高，价格自然就昂贵多了。显然，运用总效用与边际效用的概念，可以十分清晰地解释水和钻石的价值悖论之谜。第五章二、选择题1 B D 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 D 8 B 9 C1 0 A三、计算题1.（1）完整的产量表如下：可变要素的数量（L）总产量（T P）平均产量（A P）边际产量（M P）1 2 221 261 032 481 244 81 22 456 01 21 266 61 1677 01 0487 08.7 5096 377(2)该生产函数表现出的边际报酬递减是从第4单位的可变要素投入量开始的。2 .(1)APL最大时，需雇佣3 0 工人(2)最大时,需雇佣2 0 工人3 .(1)企业的最优投入量L =1 0,K =4 0(2)最大产量Q =1 9 5 04 .企业的最优投入量L =2.8,K =1.45 .解：由 和 K=1 0可知：短期生产中分别是：(2)=0,L=2 0 时，为最大，为最大，L=0 时，M P 为最大。(3)L=1 0 时，A P =1 06.(1)L=1 0 0 0 K=1 0 0 0Q=1 0 0 0(2