新视野大学英语第3册,课后练习原文.pdf

Unit 1When I think of people in this world who have really made a difference,I think of my parents.They were truly saints among ordinary people.I was one of the ten children my parents adopted.They rescued each of us from a life ofpoverty and loneliness.They were hardly able to restrain themselves from bringing homemore children to care for.If they had had the resources they certainly would have.Most people do not realize how much they appreciate someone until they pass away.Mysisters and brothers and I did not want this to happen before we uttered（发出，讲出）the wordsThank you to our parents.Although we have all grown up and scattered about the country,we got back together tothank our parents.My brother Tom undertook the task of organizing the event.Every Fridaynight,Mom and Dad have had the ham dinner special at the same restaurant for the lasttwenty years.That is where we waited without their knowing.When we first caught a glimpseof them coming across the street,we all hide underneath a big table.When they entered,weleapt out and shouted,*Thank you,Mom and Dad.t My brother Tom presented them with acard and we all hugged.My Dad pretended that he had known we were under the table allalong.Unit 2Women who exercise regularly need to be careful with what they eat.Researchers have foundevidence that even moderate exercise can result in losing iron.They said that women whoexercise regularly,especially in endurance activities,typically lose iron.In order to preventthis from becoming a problem,it is important that those women consume more meat or takesupolements to replace the iron lost.Those who do not bother to get plentiful amounts of ironmay begin to feel weak and tired.If you can get the recommended daily allowance of iron inyour diet,you will probably perform better,said one diet specialist.One shortcoming oftaking iron pills is that the pill form is not well absorbed and can sometimes make you sick.It is preferable that you try to remedy the deficiency by getting more iron-rich meats in yourdiet.There are ways to help your body store away the iron it takes in.By getting plenty of VitaminC,your body is able to process,or use,the iron better.Researchers acknowledge thateveryone,s body is different and the problem will be less serious for some.Because it isimpossible to decide whether or not this could be a problem for you,health specialists say itis advisable to check your iron levels.Even when you cant feel it,you may still have aproblem.Unit 3While many private schools are focusing more on values,public schools are moving towardtesting standards.The national government demands academic success and tests are takenas a key measurement for a schools performance.Schools with low test scores face penaltiessuch as a reduction in money to run their schools.And,even individual teachers are beinggraded on how they*re preparing their students for these tests.We have concentrated too much on teaching the kids how to take these tests,H commentedone elementary school teacher.MWe should be providing a more comsehensive curriculumto these kids.We should be cultivating leadership and curiosity.Unfortunately,there is nevertime.”One school principal remarked,Hlfs true that it would be beneficial to our kids if they weregetting better scores on the subjects being tested.The trouble is that in poorer areas of thecity like ours,kids start school less eauiQQed to perform well.We have many obstacles toovercome before we can teach them basic subjects.All schools are not alike,so theyshouldn,t be tested that way.”The goal is to improve performance in schools that are not providing their students with toolsfor success/*said one government official.He admits,however,that he is having a hard timeconvincing faculty and teachers this plan will work.Unit 4For many,beauty and fashion are permanently linked.With regard to fashion,the Barbie dollhas been consistently in style.From the first Barbie dolls,Mattel took care to dress them indetai led,fashionable clothes.Some observers note that the fashions of the Barbie doll tracefashion trends perfectly since 1959.While critics complain that the models do not representaverage female bodies,they also complain about the Barbie dolTs size.Some havecriticized the dimensions(尺寸)of the Barbie doll as an unattainable ideal of the femaleshape.Charlotte Johnson,the Barbie dolTs first dress designer,explained that the doll was notintended to reflect a female figure realistically,but rather to portray a(n)exaggeratedshape underneath fashionable clothes.However,the unrealistic dimensions of the doll havebrought the strongest criticism regarding the dolls encouragement of an obsession withweight and looks.Convinced of the negative effects of the Barbie doll on children,Cathy Meredig of High SelfEsteem Toys developed a more realistically proportioned doll in 1991.Her doll did not sell well,however.Throughout the years,the Barbie doll has had several competitors but none have been ableto compete with the glamour offered by the Barbie doll.U 5As a surgeon,I have seen a lot of deaths.I am rarely astonished by anything.The other day,however,one humorous and slightly odd story I heard touched me.A doctor told me that avery old woman he was dead,but when he was treating was lying motionless on her pillowface down.He thought she was dead,but when he approached he noticed she was breathing.Her hospital gown exposed her back bare,so he put a cover over her.Just then she sat upslowly,startling the doctor.She seemed quite alive.“I thought you were nearly gone,the doctor said.“Your breathing was so shallow and youseemed lifeless/*uNever mind that,doctor,l*ve been waiting for you,the old woman said quite confidentlyas if she were his mother.She had been a good mother to four,but she had survived them all.She gracefully handed the doctor a jab of sampled a little and told he it was deliciours.“Good,“she said,handing him a piece of paper with writing.This is how to make it Heunderstood what a(n)privilege she had given him and took it with thanks and then left.Theold woman lay back down and died soon after his departureUnit 6Do you know February 2nd is Groundhogs Day(土拨鼠日)？Legend has it that on this morning,if a groundhog can see its shadow,there will be six more weeks of winter.If it cannot see itsshadow,spring is on the way.Some believe that the means of forecast is rather arbitrary andis often incorrect.Others argue that it is significant because it recognizes that the differentparts of nature are connected in some way.Each part is deuendent on the rest of the parts fora healthy system.Some farmers pay close attention to the behavior of ducks and geese whenpredicting the weather.It is sensible to guess an early winter is coming when you see ducksand geese moving south in October.Many dog owners can tell when winter or spring willcome by stroking their pet.In preparation for winter,a dog*s hair becomes thicker.Dogs losehair as spring sets in.Information gathered from nature can help people to take orecautiocs against a hard winteror bad storm.Some animals are even believed to be able to detect when an earthquake willoccur.People holding this belief even go further to say that information gathered bycomputers is often worthless and nature is far more accurate:Isnt it time we started payingattention to what is around us?Unit 7Bill Gates is known around the world for the founding of Microsoft.And,most people are quiteaware that his evolution from computer hacker to the worlds richest man was due in largepart to his partner Paul Allen.But,while Gates*fame has mushroomed since the beginning ofMicrosoft,Allen has remained less famous.Many around the world have followed the life ofGates,but are ignorant of what has happened to Allen.In fact,as most in the Northwest cantell you,Allen has made quite a(n)impact on the region and the world.In 2000,he retiredfrom Microsoft,but the company retains him as a permanent advisor to top executives.Notall of Allens interests involve commercial success.Allen has given four hundred milliondollars in charity to the University of Washington for science and technology research.Hecreated the Experience Music Project in Seattle,employing famous architect Frank Gehry todesign the building.This is not his only contribution to the arts.Allen is very involved withmodernizinq Hollywoods movie technology.His film studio is the most advanced in the world.He has also built a sports empire,buying both a basketball and a football team as well ashelping to support a local stadium,and he owns a sports magazine.Oh,and let*s not forget,Allen is the seventh richest man in the entire world.Not bad.Unit 8You have probably heard of Dolly.She is the world*s first cloned sheep and quite famous.Youwould never know that she was such a famous animal just by looking at her,though.MShe,sabout as unremarkable-looking as any sheep there ever was,commented one scientist whotends to the famous sheep.Now that Dolly has successfully been cloned,there are many scientists observing her everymovement.Their hope is that they never detect anything remarkable with Dolly.One of thescientists humorously remarked,Ifs quite a(n)boring job always sitting around hopingnothing will actually happen.*But thafs what they have essentially done.They hope that anydifferences between Dolly and the sheep she was copied from are so minor that they gounnoticed.“We dont want Dolly to live longer or jump higher.Some say that we are deliberately tryingto create animals with remarkable qualities.This is not true.We simply are showing that wecan make a（n）identical copy of the original safely and that the sheep is normal.Despite the protests of the scientists working on the project,the debate over whether cloningis safe goes on.The US congress organized a national commission to study the legal andmoral implications of cloning.Many would like to abolish all research on cloning.And whileeveryone argues,the scientists are simply continuing to watch Dolly.Unit 9My friend,Anna,said to me before I married Mike,Hes fine now,but wait until after youvemarried him.She thought that her own experience with marriage was aoulicable to mine.Without even being asked,she cited all of the problems shes had with her husband.Thedisputes ranged from him not sharing responsibility for household tasks to how often he wentout at night.And every time,Anna complained,her husband would find justification for whathe did.nlf I were you,she advised,Td get everything documented in writing.If there issomething desirable about him now,make sure you get an agreement from him that he willcontinue it after you are married.*I tried to disoose（处理掉，丢掉）of her advice saying thatI thought Mike and I could handle it without such an agreement.She just dismissed（驳回）what I had to say with laughter.You cant believe him just because what he said.Once youmarry him,hell think he owns you,and everything will change,she said.I tried to ignore her advice,but the next day I changed my mind and talked to Mike.Mike,”I said,lm not going to marry you unless you promise to always stay the same.He replied,Youve been talking to Anna again,havent you?,Unite 1Although they may not be the worlds fastest or strongest athletes,the 1830 competitions inthe 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games held in Nagano,Japan competed with all theirhearts.At the closing ceremony Princess Takamado of Japan made a speech.She said,The pastweek was all about smiles,gentleness and peace.I truly hope within my heart that the entire worldcan learn something here.We can all learn from the examples these special athletes have shownus/The aim of the Special Olympics is clear.It is to encourage individuals with intellectualdisabilities to become physically fit.They are also encouraged to be productive and respectedmembers of society through sports training and competition.If an athlete wins in competition,it isa bonus.However,in a way everyone wins.Lily Kuhn,12,a skier with Team USA,could hardlyrestrain her enthusiasm as the wrote home.She told her parents:I was proud of myself.I amhappy not simply for winning,but for winning honestly,loving to compete and working thehardest fbr the longest time.The festival ending the games is something to remember.It isnt complete without the hugs.Oneevent volunteer while hugging and handing out sweatshirts to some of the athletes held up histhumbs and said,“All of these athletes are super!I cant go anywhere around here without gettinga hug.I pray for more of this sort of thing.I hope that the spirit with which they have competedmight touch the whole world.Watching these young people blossom over the past week has trulytouched my life.”At the end of the festival,the vice mayor for the city of Shanghai,which will host the 2007summer games,accepted the flag for the Special Olympics pledging that“the city of Shanghaiwould open its arms to the world and to the Special Olympics”.Unite 2Jim Fixx had been a heavy smoker and weighed 214 pounds when he took up running in the1960s.He soon reaped the benefits from running.His weight decreased by 60 pounds by the timehis book,The Complete Book Of Running,was published.His book inspired millions of people.In his book and on television talk shows,he extolled the benefits of physical exercise and how itconsiderably increased the average peoples life expectancy.His readers and audience becamemore health-conscious.However,to their shock,Fixx died at the age of 52 after his daily run.Many who opposed his beliefs said this was evidence that running was harmful.However,hissupporters revealed that the real cause of Fixxs death was a heart attack.He came from a familywhere men had poor health stories.His father suffered a heart attack at the age of 35 and died ofone at 42.Given Fixxs unhealthy lifestyle until he took up running,many argued that runningadded many years to his life.“Running does have its shortcomings,Acknowledges heart specialist Paul Thomas,in arecent medical journal.4The impact can be hard on your knees.Runners are more at risk duringtheir training,particularly if they run marathons.However,the news for runners isnt all bad.Evidence suggests in spite of its shortcomings,moderate amount of running exercise can actuallyresult in a longer,improved life.”Dr.Dale Macdonald,a certified Strength and Conditioning specialist once summed up adiscussion by saying,4tAs with all athletic endeavors,running comes with both great reward andinherent risk.More than 60%of runners will suffer an injury that causes them to take time offrunning-each year!”He also said that improving ones balance can reduce the likelihood ofinjury.Unite3Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based on character development rather thanacademic achievement.It is a place where well-to-do families can send their children who havedifficulty in other educational environments.Many students are there because their parents believein the educational theory of character before performance.Although Hyde is typicall