名词性从句的重点难点.pdf

名词性从句的重点、难点、考点：名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句的定义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who,whose,whom,what,whicho 有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when,where,why,howo有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。3、连接词：that,whether,if,as if。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；as if（好象）虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。注意：连词的选用：依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指 人 用 w h o,指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom,指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或 which；什么都不缺用that。whether和 if（是否），1.Its not immediately clear the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.what C.when D.whether2.As a new diplomat,he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A.what B.which C.that D.how3.When asked they need most,the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.A.what B.why C.whom D.which4.The last time we had great fun was_ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why5.Why not try your luck downtown,Bob?Thats the best jobs are.A.where B.what C.when D.why6.you dont like him is none of my business.（上海 1992）A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether7.Go and get your coat.Its you left it.A.where B.there C.here where D.where there（二）that在名词性从句中的用法th at引导名词性从句不充当任何成分，没有具体意义。以下情况that不能省略：1.主、表、同从句不能省That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.It is certain that he will succeed.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.2.宾语从句中的that 一般可以省，但以下情况不能：a.并列宾语从句中第一个Ihal可以省，后面的都不能省。I knows（that）he is a worker and that he lives in Shanghai.b.介词in,except后面的th at不能省。The reason lies in she works harder than others do.The higher income tax is harmful in_it may discourage people from trying to earn more.c.主句动词后有其它从句插入，或连接词后有其它从句插入，th at不能省。He judged because he was a child,he didnt understand what he said.E veryone knows happened and she was worried.A that,that B.what,that C.what,/D,that,whatd.i t 做形式，that做真正的宾语引导从句，that不能省。I think it difficult we finish the task in only one day.A/B.that C.what D.whiche.若主句的谓语动词是appear,agree,learn,suggest,observe等时，that通常不可省略。例如：We agreedthat all the students must plant trees in the park.1.Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel shows our country has become one of the greatestpowers in space research.A.what B.which C.不填 D.it that（三）、whether与 if的辨用whether与 if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但在下列情况下用whelher。a.主 语 从 句 b.表 语 从 句 c.同 位 语 从 句 e.介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式(whether to do sth.)g.whether or n o t连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if_the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That2.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see it got any better.A.when B.how C.why D.if3.well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A lf B.Whether C.That D.Where4.What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海 2001)A.when B.how C.whether D.why(四)名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。e.g.He asked how much I paid for the violin.I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work w ell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。l.No one can be sure in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look likeC.man will look like what D.what look will man like2.You cant imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited3.The photographs will show you.(ME T1989)A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks likeC.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like4.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see.(NME T2000)A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is5.Can you make sure the gold ring?(NME T1990)A.where Alice had put B.where did Alice put C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put6.He asked for the violin.(NME T1991)A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid(五)名词性从句中虚拟语气的使用情况1、在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g.I made a suggestion that he(should)go there at once.I suggested that he(should)go there at once.The suggestion was that he(should)go there at once.I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发、He insisted that he the money and he set free.A.didnt steal,/was B.steal,that,shoud be C.didnt steal,that,should be D.steal,/was2、wish引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，分与现在、过去、将来相反三种情况。e.g.I wish I were ten years younger.I wish you had posted the letter yesterday.I wish I would try again.3、在句型“It+is/was+adj.+主语从句”中，如果形容词是 important,strange,natural,necessary 等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g.Its strange that he(should)think so.It is necessary that he(should)go there at once.Lit is necessary that a college student at least a foreign language.(上海 1993)A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master2.I t was ordered that all the soldiers to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.should be sent D.must go3.We are all for your proposal that the d i s c u s s i o n.A.be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to be put off(六)主语从句：it做形式主语的重要句型l)It is/was+名词+that 从句(a pity,a shame,a good idea,no wonder,an honor,high time)1.It is a pity that s h e(c o me)to the party.2.It is high time that we(get)down to work.3.It is the first time that I(c ome)to Beijing.4.is no wonder the children love to visit the farm.2）It is/was+adj+that 从句（possible,probable,likely,certain,surprsing,clear,obvious,apparent,evident,well-known,true,important,necessary,essential,strange 常用虚拟语气：即（should）+动词原形）如：It is necessary that we（have）a good knowledge of basic E nglish.3）It is/was+过去分词+that 从句（said,reported/thought,believed,suggested,advised,ordered,required,proved,believed,arranged,expected,hoped）如：_is said he has gone abroad.4）It+不及物动词+th at从句It seems/happens（碰巧）/appears/turns out/doesnt matter/it occurs to sb.（某人突然想起）that.例句：seems he has known the secret.1.is a fact that E nglish is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It2.Its obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that3.It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A.while B.if C.that D.for4.1 hate when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.this D.them5.Does matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.this B.that C.he D.it6.that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A.It is said B.They are said C.It said D.It says（九）think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中用在第一人称中时，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中例如：We dont think you are here,?I dont believe he will do so.?She doesnt think you are here,?（七）同位语从句 说明其前面的名词的具体内容。常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有：（advice,demand,doubt,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,possibility,problem,promise,proposal,question,request,reason,suggestion,truth,wish,word,belief）等。l.The news we won the game is exciting.（）2.The thought came to him Mary had probably fallen ill.A.what B that C.why D.when（）3.-Is there any possibility you could pick up at the airport?-No problem.（）4.We should consider the students9 request _ the school liberary provide more books on popular science.（）5.News came from the school office_ Wang Lin had been adimitted to Beijing University.（）6.The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.A.where B.that C.which D.what引导同位语从句与定语从句的that的区别that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句：The news that he told me is very important,（that 引导 从句，作,省略）The news that our team won the game is exciting.（that 弓|导 从句，省略）（）1.Then arose the question we were to get so much money.（）2.This the house_ the great man Mao Zedong was bom 110 years ago.A.where B.that C.about which D.in which（八）表语从句：表语从句位于系动词（be,seem,look等 诟，有时用as if/as though引导表语从句。It happens that（恰好）,It appears that（似乎），It seems that（好象），It turns out that（结果是）等这类结构的句子，通常被看作是表语从句。This is where our problem lies.这就是我们的问题所在。That is why he didift come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。-How I wished we studied there are fewer exams!-You are joking.A.where B.the place where C.in which D.in where（九）Where,when,why,because,as if/as though等连接副词引导的名词性从句。Where,when,why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。例如：It looked as if it was going to rain.Thats because he didnt work hard enough.That was why I asked for three daysleave.1.I drove to Zhuhai fbr the air show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.that D.where2.一Do you remember he came?一Yes,I do,he came by car.A.How B.when C.that D.if3.The reason_ he was late was he missed the train by one minute this morningA.why,because B.why,that C.for,because D.for,that4.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that you had a few days off?A.why B.what C.when D.where（十）that与 what在名词性从句中的区别That引导名词性从句在从句中不充当任何成分，也没任何意义，只起连接作用，有时可以省略，而 what引导从句时充当主，宾，表，定语。1.he said so made us angry.2,the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.3.he said made us angry.4.China is no longer it used to be.5.we cant get seems better than we have.A.What;what B.what;that C.That;that D.That;what6._caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where7.Many young people in the West are expected to leave could be lifes most importantdecision marriage almost entirely to luck.A.as B.that C.which D.what8.is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which9._ you have done might do harm to other people.A.That B.What C.Whether D.How（H ）疑向词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的应别：疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句。Whoever breakes the law must be punished.或：Whoever breakes the law,he must be punished.no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句.No matter who breaks the law,he must be punished.No matter what you do,you must do it well.Lit is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever2.has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever3.It was a matter of would take the position.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever4 She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do_it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever5.Could I speak to is in charge of the International Sales please?A.who B.what C.whoever6.The how to hook can be of help to wants to do the job.A.who B.whomever C.no matter who7.wants to stay in the hotel has to pay their own way.A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever8.helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.Anyone C.WhoeverD.whateverD.whoeverD.WhoD.The person另外，在 whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever 中,ever 起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如:如：Wherever have you been?（十二）有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。I hate it when.;I dislike it when.;Id appreciate it if.I will see to it that.I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I hate_when the weather becomes cold because there in no heater inside.A.this B.that C.it D.so名词性从句高考真题集锦（08）1.（08 湖南，29）When asked they needed most,the kids said they wanted to feel important andloved.A.what B.why C.whom D.which2.（08 天津，12）The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why3.（08 重庆，25）People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A.that B.which C.what D.how4.（08 山东，23）was most important to her,she told me,was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As5.（08 福建,27）is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which6.（08 浙江,4）wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.Who7.（08 浙江，6）Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from theirparents speak at home.A.what B.that C.which D.one8.（08 陕西，8）Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea the party is to be held?A.what B.which C.that D.where9.（08上海，34）As his best friend.I can make accurate guesses about he will do or think.A.what B.which C.whom D.that10.（08上海，36）It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against seriousillnesses in later life.A.If B.because C.when D.that名词性从句（07）1.（07 湖南，28）Having checked the doors were closed,and all the lights were off,the boy openedthe door to his bedroom.A.why B.that C.when D.where2.（07 全国 II,17）matters most in learning E nglish is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which3.（07 安徽，33）You can only be sure o f you have at present;you cannot be sure of somethingyou might get in the future.A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that4.（07 福建,35）It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when5.（07 江苏，25）Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.A.what B.why C.how D.whether6.（07 陕西，8）parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As7.（07 上海，39）he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A.That B.What C.Whether D.Where8.（07 上海,40）The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is“programmed“to make us do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that9.（07 天津，15）The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sands makeit is.A.what B.which C.how D.where10.（07 浙江,5）Why not try your luck downtown,Bob?Thats the best jobs are.A.where B.what C.when D.why名词性从句（06）1.（06 全国 II,16）What did your parents think,about your decision?They always let me do I think I should.A.when B.that C.how D.what2.（06 全国 I,23）See the flags on top of the building?That was we did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what3.（06 全国 I,33）Please remind me he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.A.which B.that C.what D.whether4.（06 北京,29）Could you do me a favor?It depends on it is.A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever5.（06 1 匕 京，31）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of havingheart disease than those dont.A.w ho;不填 B.不填;who C.who;who D.不填；不填6.（06 天津，14）There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.that B.which C.until D.if7.（06 重庆，33）Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his unclein the airport.A.why B.that C.where D.because8.（06 湖南，34）With his work completed,the businessman stepped back to his seat,feeling pleased hewas a man of action.A.which B.that C.what D.whether9.（06 四川，30）Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story,believe it or n o t,we got lost on a rainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.when10.（06 安徽,29）A warm thought suddenly came to m e I might use the pocket money to buy someflowers for my mothers birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which11.（06 江苏,35）We havent settled the question of it is necessary for him to study abroad.A.if B.where C.whether D.that12.（06 ill 东，27）team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever13.（06 辽宁，30）makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever名词性从句（05）1.（05 全国 I,23）Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that2.（05 全国 II,11）The poor youn