2016年英语专业八级考试真题及答案详解.pdf

QUESTION BOOKLETQUESTION BOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。严禁保留、出版或复印。TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2016)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2016)-GRADE EIGHT-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:150 MINTIME LIMIT:150 MINPART IPART ILISTENING COMPREHENSIONLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION AMINI-LECTURE25 MIN25 MINInIn thisthis sectionsection youyou willwill hearhear a a mini-lecture.mini-lecture.YouYou willwill hearhear thethe mini-lecturemini-lecture ONCEONCE ONLY.ONLY.While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEETWhile listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure the word(s)youONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap.Make sure the word(s)youfill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheetfill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheetfor note-taking.for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to checkNow listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to checkyour work.your work.SECTION BINTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview.The interview will be divided into TWO parts.AtIn this section you will hear ONE interview.The interview will be divided into TWO parts.Atthe end of each part,five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the interview andthe end of each part,five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the interview andthethe questionsquestions willwill bebe spokenspoken ONCEONCE ONLY.ONLY.AfterAfter eacheach questionquestion therethere willwill bebe a a ten-secondten-secondpause.During the pause,you should read the four choices of A,B,C and D,and mark the bestpause.During the pause,you should read the four choices of A,B,C and D,and mark the bestanswer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now,listen to the Part One of the interview.Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of theNow,listen to the Part One of the interview.Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of theinterview.interview.1.A.Maggies university life.B.Her moms life at Harvard.C.Maggies view on studying with Mom.D.Maggies opinion on her moms major.2.A.They take exams in the same weeks.B.They have similar lecture notes.C.They apply for the same internship.D.They follow the same fashion.3.A.Having roommates.B.Practicing court trails.C.Studying together.D.Taking notes by hand.4.A.Protection.B.Imagination.C.Excitement.D.Encouragement.5.A.Thinking of ways to comfort Mom.B.Occasional interference from Mom.C.Ultimately calls when Maggie is busy.D.Frequent check on Maggies grades.Now,listen to the Part Two of the interview.Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of theNow,listen to the Part Two of the interview.Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of theinterview.interview.6.A.Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.B.Because parents love to return to college.C.Because kids require their parents to do so.D.Because kids find it hard to adapt to college life.7.A.Real estate agent.B.Financier.C.Lawyer.D.Teacher.8.A.Delighted.B.Excited.C.Bored.D.Frustrated.9.A.How to make a cake.B.How to make omelets.C.To accept what is taught.D.To plan a future career.10.A.Unsuccessful.B.Gradual.C.Frustrating.D.Passionate.PART IIPART IIREADING COMPREHENSIONREADING COMPREHENSION45 MIN45 MINSECTION AMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions.For eachIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions.For eachmultiple choice question,there are four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the onemultiple choice question,there are four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the onethat you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEPASSAGE ONE(1)There was music from my neighbors house through the summer nights.In his bluegardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne andthe stars.At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft ortaking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of theSound,drawing aquaplanes（滑水板）over cataracts of foam.On weekends Mr.GatsbysRolls-Royce became an omnibus,bearing parties to and from the city between nine in themorning and long past midnight,while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug tomeet all trains.And on Mondays eight servants,including an extra gardener,toiled all day withscrubbing-brushes and hammer and garden-shears,repairing the ravages of the night before.(2)Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New Yorkevery Monday these same oranges and lemons left his back door in a pyramid of pulpless halves.There was a machine in the kitchen which could extract the juice of two hundred oranges in halfan hour,if a little button was pressed two hundred times by a butlers thumb.(3)At least once a fortnight a corps of caterers came down with several hundred feet ofcanvas and enough colored lights t o make a Christmas tree of Gatsbys enormous garden.Onbuffet tables,garnished with glistening hors-doeuvre（冷盘）,spiced baked hams crowdedagainst salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold.In themain hall a bar with a real brass rail was set up,and stocked with gins and liquors and withcordials（加香甜酒）so long forgotten that most of his female guests were too young to knowone from another.(4)By seven oclock the orchestra has arrived no thin five-piece affair but a whole pitfulof oboes and trombones and saxophones and viols and cornets and piccolos and low and highdrums.The last swimmers have come in from the beach now and are dressing upstairs;the carsfrom New York are parked five deep in the drive,and already the halls and salons and verandasare gaudy with primary colors and hair shorn in strange new ways,and shawls beyond thedreams of Castile.The bar is in full swing,and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the gardenoutside until the air is alive with chatter and laughter and casual innuendo and introductionsforgotten on the spot and enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each othersnames.(5)The lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away from the sun and now the orchestra isplaying yellow cocktail music and the opera of voices pitches a key higher.Laughter is easier,minute by minute,spilled with prodigality,tipped out at a cheerful word.(6)The groups change more swiftly,swell with new arrivals,dissolve and form in the samebreath already there are wanderers,confident girls who weave here and there among thestouter and more stable,become for a sharp,joyous moment the center of a group and thenexcited with triumph glide on through the sea-change of faces and voicesand color under theconstantly changing light.(7)Suddenly one of these gypsies in trembling opal,seizes a cocktail out of the air,dumps itdown for courage and moving her hands like Frisco dances out alone on the canvas platform.Amomentary hush;the orchestra leader varies his rhythm obligingly for her and there is a burst ofchatter as the erroneous news goes around that she is Gilda Gray s understudy from the Folies.The party has begun.(8)I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsbys house I was one of the few guests whohad actually been invited.People were not invited they went there.They got into automobileswhich bore them out to Long Island and somehow they ended up at Gatsbys door.Once therethey were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby,and after that they conducted themselvesaccording to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks.Sometimes they came andwent without having met Gatsby at all,came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was itsown ticket of admission.(9)I had been actually invited.A chauffeur in a uniform crossed my lawn early thatSaturday morning with a surprisingly formal note from his employer the honor would beentirely Gatsbys,it said,if I would attend his“little party”that night.He had seen me severaltimes and had intended to call on me long before but a peculiar combination of circumstanceshad prevented it signed Jay Gatsby in a majestic hand.(10)Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn a little after seven and wanderedaround rather ill-at-ease among swirls and eddies of people I didnt know though here andthere was a face I had noticed on the commuting train.I was immediately struck by the numberof young Englishmen dotted about;all well dressed,all looking a little hungry and all talking inlow earnest voices to solid and prosperous Americans.I was sure that they were sellingsomething:bonds or insurance or automobiles.They were,at least,agonizingly aware of theeasy money in the vicinity and convinced that it was theirs for a few words in the right key.(11)As soon as I arrived I made an attempt to find my host but the two or three people ofwhom I asked his whereabouts stared at me in such an amazed way and denied so vehementlyany knowledge of his movements that I slunk off in the direction of the cocktail table the onlyplace in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone.11.It can be inferred form Para.1 that Mr.Gatsby _ through the summer.A.entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB.invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC.liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD.indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12.In Para.4,the word“permeate”probably means _.A.perishB.pushC.penetrateD.perpetrate13.It can be inferred form Para.8 that _.A.guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB.people somehow ended up in Gatsbys house as guestsC.Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD.guests behaved themselves in a rather formal manner14.According to Para.10,the author felt _ at Gatsbys party.A.dizzyB.dreadfulC.furiousD.awkward15.What can be concluded from Para.11 about Gatsby?A.He was not expected to be present at the parties.B.He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C.He was usually out of the house at the weekend.D.He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO(1)The Term“CYBERSPACE”was coined by William Gibson,a science-fiction writer.Hefirst used it in a short story in 1982,and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel,“Neuromancer”,whose main character,Henry Dorsett Case,is a troubled computer hacker anddrug addict.In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as“a consensual hallucinationexperienced daily by billions of legitimate operators”and“a graphic representation of dataabstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system.”(2)His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient（有先见之明的）.Cyberspacehas become shorthand for the computing devices,networks,fibre-optic cables,wireless links andother infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world.The myriadconnections forged by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone whouses the web to tap into humanitys collective store of knowledge every day.(3)But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention.Data breaches are becomingever bigger and more common.Last year over 800m records were lost,mainly through suchattacks.Among the most prominent recent victims has been Target,whose chief executive,Gregg Steinhafel,stood down from his job in May,a few months after the giant Americanretailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers,including credit-and debit-card details.Other well-known firms such as Adobe,a tech company,and eBay,an online marketplace,have also been hit.(4)The potential damage,though,extends well beyond such commercial incursions.Widerconcerns have been raised by the revelations about the mass surveillance carried out by Westernintelligence agencies made by Edward Snowden,a contractor to Americas National SecurityAgency(NSA),as well as by the growing numbers of cyber-warriors being recruited bycountries that see cyberspace as a new domain of warfare.Americas president,Barack Obama,said in a White House press release earlier this year that cyber-threats“pose one of the gravestnational-security dangers”the country is facing.(5)Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed topromote connectivity,not security.Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not worrymuch about threats because the network was affiliated with Americas military.As hackersturned up,layers of security,from antivirus programs to firewalls,were added to try to keepthem at bay.Gartner,a research firm,reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent$67 billion on information security.