2022年郑州升达经贸管理学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.pdf

2022年郑州升达经贸管理学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel ata tenth of the speed of light.Ball lightning,the rarest and most mysterious form,derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point,moves horizontally,and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning thatis ball lightning.A occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning,the rarest and mostmysterious form,derives its name from the small luminous ball，关键词是 rarest（rare的最高级形式）与 infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第2题【单选题】【阅读判断】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not totouch alcohol before speaking.You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can doeverything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q:Due to the effect of alcohol,yourthought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given1【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的关键句为：but in fact your brain and your mouth donot work together properly.因此本题答案为 A。第3题【单选题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A undergoesB、understandsC、underliesD、undertakes【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考查形近动词词义。A 经历，经受；B 了解；C 成为 的基础；D 承担，保证。第4题【单选题】【2009.10 he has many friends,he is often feeling lonely.A AsB、WhenC、WhileD Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词。【译文】尽 管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。第5题【单选题】阅读选择 Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms asdifferent as worms and rodents.Whether this works in humans is still unknownpartly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to thepassage,we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories2partly b e c a u s e.A humans,worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第6题【单选题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds,though processes are still not fully understood.Typically,positive charges（正电荷）build at the cloud top,while the bottom becomes negatively charged（负电荷的）.Inmost instances of cloud-to-ground lightning,the negatively charged lower portion ofthe cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces,making itbecome positively charged.The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevatedpoints.ln most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning,the grounds s ur f ac e.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷，排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地而表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第7题【单选题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB、lifeC、live3D lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。第8题【单选题】【阅读判断】Every year,in November,Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the goodthings in life,and people are thankful.On this day people usually eat turkey andgreat quantities of other foods.Q:The turkey is a most popular food on ThanksgivingDay.A TrueB FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此本题是正确的。第9题【单选题】【填句补文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the otherperson to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.,Unless the person really hates being interviewed,he is delighted thatsomebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对这种担心的补充，这种担心是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问自己。4第10题【单选题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No.29,a much lower position chiefly because ofthe social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.The US,which has thesecond highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg,took the 13thplace in the survey.China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th.Q:The UnitedStates of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US,which hasthe second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg,took the13th place in the survey.该句说美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第11题【单选题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第12题【单选题】52010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC criticallyD viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查副词的词义辨析这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的山河。第13题【单选题】The oceans do not so much divide the world unite it.A、asB、thatC butD、like【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查固定句型：not so much.as.,这个句型用以肯定as后面的内容，而在一定程度上否定as前面的内容，表示 与其说 还 不 如 说 更 多的是 而 不 是 句 意：与其说世界以洋分界，不如说以洋连在一起。第14题【单选题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer inpeople who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke fromother peoples cigarettes.The US Environmental Protection Agencyreports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result ofexposure to secondhand smoke.A The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parentssmoke.6B、In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homeswith at least one smoker.C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第15题【单选题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather;the sports meet had to be.A shut downB done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off：爆炸，（闹铃）响。第16题【单选题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。A 公开发表、公布或发布（新闻）B 专门从事、专攻 C 意识到、领悟 D 假定、猜想。整句话的意思是：政府最终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。7第17题【单选题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty m in u te s,c a u s e d meto arrive late.A、itB、thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分钟，这使得我到达晚了。第18题【单选题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids,says Patti Kraemer-Doell,family gardencoordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens,is Letting them experience itthemselves.We have tried to guide them,but not tell them to put the sunflowershere and the tomatoes there.The emphasis is on developing their imagination andtheir appreciation for being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraphis.A、Different Kinds of Gardens.B Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴赏力。所以答案为C。第19题【单选题】8【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent;they do not break down to otherchemicals in the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensiveclean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once theyenter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are alsoknown to cause poisoning.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第20题【单选题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB outC aloneD、over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】本题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A 离开，离去 B 不在里面，出局 C 单独的（地）D 完结，翻倒，越过第21题【单选题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A released9B、specializedC realizedD、supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。A公开发表、公布或发布（新闻）B 专门从事、专攻 C 意识到、领悟 D 假定、猜想。整句话的意思是：政府最终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第22题【单选题】【阅读选择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about andthats exactly what we did this past week.We helped get a hydroponics farm startedin a local village.This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can starttheir very own self sustaining farm.Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a thirdof the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil.A hydroponics farmA、is difficult to buildB、is a type of farm without soilC、will cost lots of moneyD was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本段。再通过排除法可以判定B 项是正确的。因为A 和 C 表述的内容文章并没有提到过。D 项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponicsfarmo是他们到了之后，帮忙建立了一个模型。第23题【单选题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of bothchemical and electrical signals.Scientists also have learned that thenervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain:one very10fast,the other slow.A It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area,up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain,and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B 项恰恰照应了首句意思。第24题【单选题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC verticallyD virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人士。A 显然，明显地 B 外表上，直 观 地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 实际上，事实上第25题【单选题】He his poor judgment Jet Lag.A、blamed.forB blamed.toC、blamed.onD、blamed.at【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查固定词组blame sth.on sb.把 怪到 头上。11第26题【单选题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors,living in the Middle East about 10,000years ago,discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds plantedfor richer yields the next season,the first great step in a new association of plantsand humans was taken.Q:People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plantsfor food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用“10,000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开了植物和人类联系的第1 大步。第27题【单选题】2009.71 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were wel l.A、nourishedB stuffedC tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。A 营养，滋养；B 填满，塞满；C 驯 服（猛兽）；D 冒险第28题【单选题】Jenny complained that the hospital her too much for the treatment.12A、expendedB paidC、costD、charged【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：珍妮抱怨在那家医院治疗收费太贵了。本题是词义选择题。A 花 费 B 付 款 C 费 用 D 收费第29题【单选题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into fivestages.A moderateB、initialC、distinctD、advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试题分析】本题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第30题【单选题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent;they do not break down to otherchemicals in the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensiveclean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once theyenter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are alsoknown to cause poisoning.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain13【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第31题【单选题】It makes good to bring an umbrella;it seems to be raining today.A、senseB、reasonC、suggestionD advice【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：今天天气看起来要下雨了，因此带着伞是合情合理的。本题是短语意义区分题。本题是A.to make(good)sense 很有意义、合乎情理的、明智的B 原因 C 建议 D 劝告第32题【单选题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his wor k.A、personallyB、scarcelyC respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A 亲自地；B 几乎不；C 个别地；D 可靠第33题【单选题】14【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are allcentenarians（百岁老人）get asked all the time：”How did you live to be 100?Q:Thefive centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB FalseC Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C o 题目说的是 这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社区”，文章开头部分提到了community（社区/，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第34题【单选题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style,especially whencriticizing some piece of pseudoscience（伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAASmeeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky,who wasmaintaining that only a few thousands of years ago,Venus had repeatedly collidedwith Earth and Mars;events well noted.Velikovsky said,in the bible.In Sagansopinion,Velikovsky might be.A a member of the National Academy of ScienceB a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述,即Velikovsky提出,在过去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复多次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第35题【单选题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when in15office.A assureB、ensureC、insureD secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确 保（某事）发生，担保；C 为.投保，给.保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第36题【单选题】2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC、inD to【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一样。be identical to/w ith完全相同的，一模一样的。本题要说明在某个方面是一样的，故选C。第37题【单选题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction,however,have been writtenwithin the last hundred years.Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G.Wells,tomention just two well-known authors,have been translated into manylanguages.Book written by J.Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwide16D、political implications【正确答案】c【答案解析】这段文字讲到J.Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许多种语言，因此C 选项是正确答案。第38题【单选题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors,living in the Middle East about 10,000years ago,discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds plantedfor richer yields the next season,the first great step in a new association of plantsand humans was taken.Q:People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plantsfor food about 10,000 years ago.A TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用10,000 作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开了植物和人类联系的第1 大步。第39题【单选题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateB adoptC、applyD、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑暗。【详细解答】A 分配，拨出 B 收养，过继 C 应用，申请 D 调17整，使适合第40题【单选题】【I阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed.Strong unions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londons biggestdailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argumentis settled by giving each union two.That means 33 per cent over manning,33 percent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over jobopportunities arise among British unions?A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B More jobs will be created by the union.C More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase produ