初二寒假英语作业.pdf

第一讲 一般现在时和一般过去时一般现在时复习一、定义与讲解一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。时间状语：often经 常,usually通 常,always总是，every每个，sometimes有 时,a t在几点钟只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。三单变化：1.多数在动词后+s play-plays like-likes(1)直接在动词词尾加sask-asks work-works get-gets stay-stays(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch-watches wish-wishes fix-fixesdodoes go-goes pass -passes(3)以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies2.不规则变化：be is are have has二、一般现在时用法1.表示经常性，习惯性，永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes,often,usually,always,every day(year,month),once(twice,three times)a day,等时间状语连用。They usually go to school by bike.I take the medicine three times a day.She helps her mother once a week.Marys father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class.2.表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to theGreat Wall is not a real man.Tomorrow is Tuesday.三、一般现在时的句子转换:（1）当句子中有b e动词或情态动词时，贝 IJ把 be动词或情态动词（can,could等等）提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：陈述句：She is a student.疑问句 Is she a student?否定句一 She is not a student.陈述句：I can swim.疑问句 Can you swim否定句 I can not swim.（2）当句子中即没有b e动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do（you,以及复数）,does（单 数 she,he,it）变成问句;在主语后谓语动词前加助动词dont（I,you,以及复数），doesnt（单 数 she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.疑问句Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?否定句一We dont get up at 7:00 every morning.陈 述 句:She has a little brother.疑问句 Does she have a little brother?否定句一 She doesnt have a little brother一般现在时练习一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemaketakeloverecitebecomecomedriveshineleavewakeridewritehikegiveseeswimstopshopplangetsitletcutrunforgetbeginwashwatchfinish_teachfishreach-go_.do二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He o f t e n(h a v e)dinner at home.2.Daniel and T o m m y(b e)in Class One.3.We(n o t watch)TV on Monday.4.N i c k(n o t go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.t h e y(l i k e)the World Cup?6.What they o f t e n(d o)on Saturdays?7_your p a r e n ts(r e a d)newspapers every day?8.The g i r l(t e a c h)us English on Sundays.9.She and I(t a ke)a walk together every evening.10.T h e r e(b e)some water in the bottle.11.M i k e(l i k e)cooking.12.T h e y(h a v e)the same hobby.13.My a u n t(l o o k)after her baby carefully.14.You a l w a y s(d o)your homework well.15.1(be)ill.Tm staying in bed.16.S h e(g o)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu T a o(d o)not like PE.18.The child o f t e n(w a t c h)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Y a n g(h a v e)eight lessons this term.20.What d a y(b e)it today?一 Ifs Saturday.21 We o f t e n(p l a y)in the playground.22.He(ge t)up at six oclock.23.y o u(b r u s h)your teeth every morning?24.Wh a t(d o)he u s u a l l y(d o)after school?25.Da n n y(s t u d y)English,Chinese,math,science and art at school.26.Mike s o m e t i m e s(g o)to the park with his sister.27.At eight at night,s h e(wa t c h)TV with her parents.28.M i k e(r e a d)English every day?29.How many lessons your c l a s s m a t e(h a v e)on Monday?3O.What time his mo t h e r(d o)the housework?三、按照要求改写句子1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)-2.1 do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）3.She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）4.Amy likes playing computer games.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）5.We go to school every morning.（改为否定句）6.He speaks English very well.（改为否定句）7.1 like taking photos in the park.（对划线部分提问）8.John comes from Canada.（对戈U线部分提问）9.She is always a good student.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.（改为否定句）11.Do you often play football after school?（肯定回答）12.1 have many books.（改为否定句）13.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis.（改为否定句）14.She lives in a small town near New Y o rk.（改为一般疑问句）15.1 watch TV every d a y.（改为一般疑问句）16.David has got a g o a l.（改为一般疑问句）17.We have four lessons.（改为否定句）18.Nancy doesnt run f a s t.（改为肯定句）19.My dog runs fast.否定句：一般疑 问句：20.Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：否定句：21.1 usually play football on Friday afternoon.否 定 句 一般疑问句:划线提问_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _22.Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问:23.Mingming usually waters the flowers every day.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问24.Tom does his homework at home.否定句:一般疑问句:划线提问四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English?2.Does he likes going fishing?3.He likes play games after class.4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.5.She dont do her homework on Sundays.五用词的适当形式填空。1 .What time his f a t h e r(d o)the work?2.He(g e t)up at five oclock.3.y o u(b r u s h)your teeth every morning4.What(do)he u s u a l l y(do)after school?5.Tom(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6.Kitty s o m e t i m e s(g o)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night,she(watch)TV with her parents.8.Mi ke(read)English every day?9.How many lessons your c la s s m a te s(have)on Monday?10.We oft en(play)football in the playground.六.选择()1.you have a book?A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()2.They on a farm.A.working B.is work C.work D.is worked()3.Does Peter like to watch TV?A.Yes,he like B.No,he doesnt C.Yes,hed like D.No,he likes()4.She doesnt her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()5.How Mr.Brown to America?A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes()6.Wheres my camera?I it.A.am not finding B.am not seeing C.cant find D.cant look at()7.How he go to work?He to work by bike.A.does;go B.do;goes C.do;go D.does;goes()8.you usually late for school?No,.A.Do;I am B.Does;not C.Are;Tm not D.Are;I arent()9.she home at six every day?A.Is,leave B.Does,leave C.Is,leaves D.Does,left()1 0.Mr.Yang English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach ourIL改句子1.Do you often play football after school?(肯定回答)2.I have many b o o k s.(改为否定句)3.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis(改为否定句)Gao Shans sister play table tennis.4.She lives in a small town near New York.(改为一般疑问句)in a small town near New York?5.I watch TV every d a y.(改为一般疑问句)TV every day?6.David has got a g o a l.(改为一般疑问句)got a goal?7.We have four lessons.(否定句)We four lessons.8.Nancy doesnt run fast（肯定句）Nancy fast.9:My dog runs fast否定句：My d o g fast.一般疑 问 句：you fast?.10.Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句 you two letters for him?否定句：M ike two letters for him.11.I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句：I usually football on Friday afternoon一般疑问句:Do you usually play football on Friday afternoon?12.Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句：Su Yang some clothes on Saturday.一般疑问句:she some clothes on Saturday?13.Mingming usually waters the flowers every day否定句：Mingming the flowers every day.一般疑 问句:the flowers every day?戈U线提问 at home.?14.Tom does his homework at home.否定句：T o m his homework at home.一般疑问句:homework at home?划线提 问 at home?一般过去时详细讲解一、巧记一般过去时：动词-一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；b e用w a s或用w e r e,h a v e,h a s变h a d；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-e d,若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后d i d n t添；疑问句也不难，d i d放在主语前；J 不含b e动词时如果谓语之前有d i d,谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把no t添。含be动词时疑问句也不难,要把was,were放在主语前。二、b e的一般过去时：学习动词b e的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词b e的一般过去时。b e的过去时有四巧：一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数w a s,复数w e r e；三巧是否定句结构，n o t紧跟w a s /w e r e；四是疑问句式巧，w a s /w e r e向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1 .yesterday 或以其构成的短语：y e s t e r d a y m o r n i n g(a f t e r n o o n,e v e n i n g)等；2 .由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：l a s t n i g h t,l a s t ye a r (wi n t e r,m o n t h,we e k)等；3 .由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a m o m e n t a g o,a s h o r t t i m e a g o,a n h o u r a g o 等；4 .其它：just now 等5 .由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用wa s；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用we r e。例如：I wa s i n t h e c l a s s r o o m ye s t e r d a y m o r n i n g.昨天早上我在教室里。H e wa s a t s c h o o l l a s t Tu e s d a y.上周二他在学校。Th e y we r e o v e r t h e r e a m o m e n t a g o.刚才他们在那边。【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词b e的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加n o t即可变成否定句，并且wa s,we r e与n o t可以缩写成wa s n t,we r e n t。即：主语+wa s n t/we r e n，t +表语+其他。例如：I wa s n o t (=wa s n t)h e r e ye s t e r d a y.昨天我不在这儿。M y p a r e n t s we r e n o t (=we r e n，t)a t h o m e l a s t Su n d a y.上周 日我父母不在家。【四巧】疑问句式巧。把wa s,we r e提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：W a s (W e r e)+主 语+表 语+其他？这恰巧与动词b e的-一 般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如：W e r e yo u a t h o m e t h e d a y be f o r e ye s t e r d a y?前天你在家吗？W a s s h e l a t e t h i s m o r n i n g?今天早上她迟到了吗？更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Y e s,主语+wa s/we r e.”；否定回答用“N o,主语+wa s n t /we r e n t.。例如：一W e r e W e i H u a a n d H a n M e i h e r e j u s t n o w?刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗?一Y e s,t h e y we r e.(N o,t h e ywe r e n，t.)是的，她们在。(不，她们不在。)一般过去时习题一、单项选择：从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)()1.My father ill yesterday.A.isnt B.arent C.wasnt D.werent()2.your parents at home last week?A.Is B.Was C.Are D.Were()3.The twins in Dalian last year.They here now.A.are;were B.were;are C.was;are D.were;was()4.your father at work the day yesterday(前 天)?A.Was;before B.Is;before C.Was;after D.Is;after)5.一Who was on duty last Friday?A.I am B.I was C.Yes,I was D.No,I wasnt)6.I cleaned my c l a s s r o o m.A with three hours B three hours agoC in three hours D three hours before)7.1 came my house two days ago.A back on B back to C to back D back)8.?He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday eveningB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekendD Where did your brother go last Sunday)9.What did you do?I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday()10.The koala s l e e ps,but gets up.A during the day;at the evening B at day;during nightC in the day;during the evening D during the day;at night二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1.1(have)an exciting party last weekend.2.s h e(p r a c t i c e)her guitar yesterday?No,she.3.What T o m(d o)on Saturday evening?H e(w a t c h)TV a n d(r e a d)an interesting book.4.They a l l(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.Sh e(n o t visit)her aunt last weekend.S h e(s t a y)at home a n d(d o)some cleaning.6.When y o u(w r i t e)this song?I(wr i t e)it last year.7.My friend,C a r o l,(s t u d y)for the math test a n d(p r a c t i c e)English last night.8.M r.Li(do)the project on Monday morning?Yes,he.9.Ho w(b e)Jims weekend?It(be not)bad.10.（be）your mother a sales assistant last year?No.she.三、翻译下列句子（20）1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I exciting weekend.2.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes.She an English book last night.3.Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma TV every day.But he yesterday.4.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What they Saturday?They homework and.5.今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morning Fangfang because his father yesterday.6.你还有什么要说的？What would you like?7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。Don?t forget the teacher.8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视？Why you TV last night?9.他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he the classroom,he a watch on the ground.10.他什么 时候出生的？1980年。一When he?1980.四、改写句子：（20）1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句）he meat in the fridge?3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句）there orange in the cup?4.Frank read an interesting book about history.（一般疑问句）Frank an interesting book about history?5.Why not go out for a w alk?（同义句）out for a walk?6.Thomas spent RMB 10 on this b o o k.（否定句）Thomas RMB 10 on this book.7.My family went to the beach la st w e e k.（划 线提问）family last week?8.1 think she is Lilys sister.（否定句。注意否定转移）9.Sally often does some reading in the morning.（否定句）Sally often some reading in the morning.10.He is a tall,thin boy.（戈线提问）he?五、改错题（20）1.How is Jane yesterday?2.He go to school by bus last week.3.He often goes home at 6:00 last month.4.I can fly kites seven years ago._5.Did you saw him just now._6.Tom wasnt watch TV last night._7.I didnt my homework yesterday._8.He wait for you three hours ago._9.Who find it just now?_10.What make him cry（哭）just now?_六、完形填空（10）Tom did not like doing his homework,because he liked to do some 1 things after school.Andhis teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework.Then one day,his maths teacher 3 at Toms homework and saw that he got all his answersright.He was very 4 and surprised。惊奇).The next morning before class,he called Tom 5 hisdesk and 6 to him,“You got all your homework right this time.Did your father helpyou?”Sometimes Toms father helped him with his homework,7 this time he didnt help Tombecause he 8 at home.So Tom answered,t4NO,Sir.He Was busy last night,so I 9 to do it 10.”()1.A.others B.another C.the other D.other()2.A.made B.found C.looked at D.looked()3.A.laughed B.knocked C.looked D.saw()4.A.please B.pleased C.pleasure D.sad()5.A.to B.for C.in D.at()6.A.talked B.asked C.spoke D.said()7.A.and B.but C.so D.or()8.A.isnt B,wont be C.wasnt D.can9t be()9.A.wanted B.mustnt C.1 汰edD.had()1 0.A.itself B.of them C.myself D.himself七.写 作(10)。日记一则，字数5 0-6 0。记叙一天的活动：1.早晨起床，吃饭，上学；2.上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；3.午休的活动；4 .下午的课程及作业；5.晚上的安排。答案:一、单项选择：15 CDBAB 6-10 BBCBD二、l.had 2.Did;practice;didnt3.did;do;watched;read 4.went 5.didnt visit;stayed;did6.did write;wrote 7.studied;practiced 8.Did;do;did9.was;wasnt 10.Was;wasnt三、1.spent a busy but 2.reading books;read3.watches;didnt watch TV 4.did;do last;did their;went shopping5.had to cook breakfast;wasnt at home 6.else;to say;7.to say goodbye to8.did;watch 9.cleaned;found 10.was;born;In四、1 .didnt do 2.Did;find any 3.Was;any4.Did;read 5.Why dont you go 6.didn*t spend7.where did your;go 8.1 don*t think she is Lilys sister9.doesnt;do.10.What does;look like五、Lis-was 2.go-went 3.goes-went4.can-could 5.saw-see 6.wasnt-didn*t7.在 didnt 后加 do 8.wait-waited 9.find-found10.make-made六、1 5 DBCBA 610 DBCDC七、写 作（略）第二讲 一般将来时和现在进行时初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。1）will/shall+动 词 原 形shall用于第一人称，常 被w ill所代替。w ill在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won,t shall not=shan，t例如：Which paragraph shall I read first?我先读哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening?今晚七点回家好吗？2）be going to+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next montho这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.看那乌云,快要下雨了。3）be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4）be about to+不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。注意：be about to d o不能与tomorrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。Notice:be to 和 be going tobe to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to表示主观的打算或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）5.现在进行时表将来时下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on.she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.6.一般现在时表将来1）下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2）以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例 第一要素 一般将来时的概述一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用,$0：tomorrow,next week,in 2008等。请看表演秀：Li Lei will visit her grandmother tomorrow morning.明天上午，李蕾将去看望她奶奶。第二要素 常见结构大比拼L“be going to+动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划，安排将要做的事，有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。如:Look at the clouds.Ifs going to rain.看这些云，要下雨了。2.“Shan或win+动词原形”指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称；在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。$0：I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday.我下周一给你看我的照片。第三要素 句型转换秀l.be going to+动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移