2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试（一）英语.pdf

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试（一）英 语本试卷共1 0 页，满 分 12 0分。考试用时120分钟。注 意 事 项：1，答卷前，考生务必将自己的市(县、区)、学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在每张答题卡右上角 条形码粘贴处2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2 B 铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先画掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满 分 5 0 分)第 一 节(共 1 5 小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。Community NoticeboardNew Forest Bike Project(NFBP)New Forest Bike Project is a not-for-profit community and social organization which takes inunwanted bicycles and then repairs,restores and relocates them.Aiming to help people from allwalks of life get out on two wheels and enjoy some exercise as well as the beautiful New Forest!If you would like to donate any unwanted bikes,please drop them off at Walkes Garage,BurleyRd,Bransgore BH23 8DF.Ringwoods International Festival of Street Performance Art(RIFSPA)Held annually on March 15th from 10:30 a.m-4:30 p.mWANTED:street performers,musicians,choirs,bands etc.to entertain the crowds in thestreets of Ringwood!If you or your group are interested in taking part in this event,pleasecontact Roger Bettie 01425 489350 as soon as possible to ensure a place.Natural Wellbeing(NW)Weekly sessions using the natural environment to promote adult health andwellbeing.Participants can be involved in coking and sharing an outdoor lunch,bird watching andoutdoor era代 activities.Date:Every FridayTime:11:00 a.m.-2:30 p.m.Booking:Tracy on 01425 472760 or BlashfordLakeshiwwt.org.ukLocation:Blashford Lakes Nature Reserve,Ellingham Drove,near Ringwood BH24 3PJEvent charge:E 4 donation英语模拟测试（一）第 8 页（共 8 页）Ringwood Health Walks(RHW)Guided by Volunteer Walk Leaders,Walks are FREE for anyone wishing to improve theirfitness with one-hour walks.Start from the Medical Center on the 1st and 3rd Tuesday in each month at 10:30 a.m.Meetoutside the Medical Centre.Come along and join us:we are a friendly sociable group.For more information contactCraig Daters on 01590 646 671.NO NEED TO BOOK21.What can you do through NFBP?A.Give away old bikes.B.Purchase used bikes.C.Hike in the New Forest.D.Work at Walkers Garage.22.Which of the following is organized once a year?A.NFBP.B.RIFSPA.C.NW.D.RHW.23.What do NW and RHW have in common?A.They each last a whole day.C.Chances to exercise are provided.B.They are free of charge.D.Advance reservations are requiredBJack Andraka was 15 when he came up with an idea for a new way to test for pancreatic(胰腺)cancer.When Andraka was 14,a family friend died of the disease,and this affected himdeeply.This kind of cancer is particularly serious because there is no test you can have done tofind it in the early stages.By the time standard tests determine you have the disease,it is ofen toolate.Realizing that this was the case,Andraka decided to try to develop a test that might catchproblems at the earliest stages.The road ahead looked difficult for Andraka.He was still a high school student,and he wantedto create something that no one else had done.But Andraka read endlessly about thediseasezwrote a proposal for his idea,and sent it out to 200 cancer researchers.Only oneprofessor;Dr.Anirban Maitra,responded positively.Dr.Maitra agreed to work with Andraka on hisidea,giving him guidance and access to a laboratory.The next big reward for Andrakas perseverance was winning the grand prize at the IntelInternational Science and Engineering Fair.This great award is given to young innovators whohave developed a world-changing idea.Developing the test is likely to take many years,butAndraka hopes the test will eventually improve peoples lives and maybe save them.Jack Andraka is not alone as a young innovator.After all,there were 1,499 other contestantsfor the Intel awardzand all of them had ground-breaking ideas.For Andraka,having a family thatloves science and encourages creative thinking gave him an advantage.But the key for Andraka isthat reading,research,and discovery are just plain fun,and the chance to improve the worldaround him in the process makes it even better.英语模拟测试（一）第 8 页（共 8 页）24.Why did Andraka decide to develop a test for pancreatic cancer?A.His friends encouragement.B.An upsetting experience.C.His extensive reading.D.An important test.25.What difficulty did Andraka meet at the beginning of his research?A.Lack of positive replies from experts.B.Heavy pressure from his schoolwork.C.Little access to research equipment.D.Great need of money to develop a test.26.Which of the following leads to Andrakas award winning?A.The competition with other contestants.B.His determination to improve the world.C.The support from his family.D.His passion for discovery.27.What can we learn from Andrakas story?A.Practice makes perfect.B.Hard work leads to success.C.One good turn deserves another.D.Failure is the mother of success.CAnyone wanting to help the poor may like this idearecycling aluminum cans in a differentway,which is apparently also good for the environment.So youre actually killing two birds withone stone.lt goes without saying that recycling aluminum cans can save resources,energy,timeand money.People usually save and place aluminum cans in the dustbins,which are thencollected and taken away by cleaners,who will finally recycle them in the recycling center.But ifyou save the aluminum cans,and skip the cleaners.you can save these same cans for somethingmore important helping the poor.In other words,by doing less,you are giving theenvironmental cause some new significance.Here is how to put this idea into action.Take your aluminum cans and place them in a plasticbag.For the dirty ones/inse them out first.Store the bag of clean aluminum cans.Once youcollect about one hundred cans or more,take the cans to the recycle center yourself.There areabout eighteen aluminum cans in a pound.And you can receive three to four dollars for onehundred cans.Donate your three to four dollars to the poor or any charity organization of yourchoice.By nowzyou may wonder if your few dollars have really made a difference to the poor.Consider this:ls there any individual or any specific event that is great enough to change theworld or decide the direction that history takes?The answer is probably no.What if there were alot of people who would do the same thing?History shows nothing but the collective will of thewhole community.And that will surely be powerful enough to make a bigger difference.Go to your community or your school and spread your idea.Share your idea and save youraluminum cans with other people.One hundred people can speak louder than one.And themoney you make by saving cans can be multiplied by one hundred times.And if more people joinin the cause around the world,an even larger difference can be made,and more people in needwill enjoy the benefits.28.What*s special about the new idea?A.It makes profits.B.It saves resources.C.It benefits the poor.D.It involves cleaners.英语模拟测试（一）第8页（共8页）29.What can we infer from paragraph 2?A.Dirty cans do not sell well.B.You decide who receives the money.C.A hundred cans weigh about 3 pounds.D.The recycle center is conveniently located.3O.What does the underlined wordthatin paragraphs probably refer to?A.A great individual or event.B.The direction history takeC.The collective will of people.D.The neighbourhood you live31.Which of the following does the writer want to tell us?A.Many hands make light work.B.Kill two birds with one stone.C.Dont put the cart before the horse.D.No man can do two things at once.DChinas historic 23-day Change 5 mission has not only obtained precious rock and soilsamples from the moon,but has also brought back a group of seeds that traveled the furthest inthe nations agricultural and forestry histories.More than 30 kinds of seeds,including that ofrice,oats etc.,were placed inside the multi-module Chang?e5 spacecraft and orbited around themoon for about 15 days.Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after being exposed toextraterrestrial（地夕卜的）forces in lunar orbit and also hoped that they could develop beneficialmutations（突变）.This mission offered good opportunities to scientists,which enabled them todeepen their studies on the effect of cosmic rays on the growth and evolution of life on Earth.Space-based mutation breeding refers to the process of exposing seeds to fores such asmicrogravity,vacuums and cosmic radiation during a spaceflight and then sending them back toEarth for further observation and planting.Researchers observe and examine several generationsof plants grown from space-bred seeds and investigate their mutationssome are positive anddesirable while others are negative.Those with positive mutations will be kept and analyzed,andwill be introduced to farmers after their certification and approval.Space breeding can generate mutations faster and more conveniently than ground-basedexperiments and can bring about some desirable traits that are otherwise hard tointroduce.Compared with natural or conventionally bred types of plants,space-developedversions with positive mutations usually feature higher nutritional content,greater annualyields,shorter growth periods and better resistance to diseases and insect pests.China conducted its first space breeding experiment in 1987,using a satellite to carry seedsinto space.Since then,hundreds of kinds of seeds and seedlings have traveled with dozens ofChinese spaceships.Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutatedplants in China that have been approved for large-scale cultivation,ranging from grains tovegetables and fruits.The Change 5 robotic mission returned 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soilto Earth,marking a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were takenback.英语模拟测试（一）第 8 页（共 8 页）32.Why were the seeds placed inside Change 5?A.To pick out the fittest for mutations.B.To understand extraterrestrial forces.C.To study the intensity of cosmic rays.D.To expose them to a special environment.33.What do we know about space-based mutation breeding?A.It is not a time-consuming process.B.Mutations develop in a random way.C.It often brings about desirable effects.D.Approval will be granted to mutated plants34.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.It is a custom to put seedlings on a spacecraftB.China was the first to do a space breeding experimentC.It is some time since seeds were last taken into spaceD.Space breeding has brought us commercial benefits.35.What is the best title of the passage?A.Space-bred seeds offer great chances B.Change 5 Returns with a big packageC.Plant mutations result in a better life D.seeds from space mark a new history第 二 节（共 5 小题;每小题2.5 分，满 分 12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you want to know how to learn from failures?Your journey starts this second.It takescourage for people to realize that they help on how to learn from failures.These following stepswill assist you in learning from your mistakes and move on with your life.36 A little bit of humility goes a long way.You know you did something wrong;and whileyou want to defend your mistakes,you had better keep your emotions in check.Accept that yourplans dont go as well as you want and apologize to those who are under influence.Humility is the first step to mend broken ties and relationships.37 Who you werebefore,or whatever your status might have beenthose are no longer significant.This is not thetime for you to start another war,but the time for you to reflect on what you have done.Observe and report.If you want to lean from failures,then you need to stay quiet and startlistening to other people.38 You might not have noticed these things before.Now that youregiven the opportunity to observe them,you might be able to pick up a thing or two.This is yourchance to learn how you can help straighten things out.Make things right.Its not the most pleasant task to do,especially when youre cleaning upyour mess.But making things right is extremely important to your redemption（彳 卜 救）,If yourenot yet certain of what you can do,ask.39 Instead,you can start by helping out in littleways.Getting coffee for those who are under the influence,for example,is one way you canchoose.Knowing how to learn from your failures is very important.40英语模拟测试（一）第 8 页（共 8 页）A.Humility helps.B.Control your feelings.C.This is the only way you can grow as a person.D.Watch how your friends and colleagues are handling matters.E.Ignore other people who are talking about you behind your back.F.People w川 be more than happy to help if you show up with a smile.G.You don*t have to come up with one solution that will take care of everything.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满 分 3 0 分）第 一 节（共 1 5 小题;每小题1 分，满 分 15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When people come togetherjts a beautiful thing.When someone tries to do something hecant do with everyone elses 41,that is a great moment.One beautiful afternoon,!had an important baseball game,which I was really 42 to win.As the game progressed the 43_ got close.The two teams drew 8-8 at the end of the last inning（局），and it was my turn to bat.l looked over at my 44,who was talking to my dad aboutsomething.As I was about to 45 the batters box,my coach stopped me and asked me one46 question.He asked if it would be all right if my brother 47 for me.I was very 48 because my brother wasnt on the team.He had never even played baseballdue to his 49.He couldnt standjet alone hit.But I responded very 50 for a kid my age.Of course he can,I said.I was sill puzzled as to how he would do it,though.As my dad 51 him to the platej realized that without his 52 he would have to beheld up.The joy on his face couldnt be 53 for anything in the world.The crowd burst into wild54 after realizing what was happening.That afternoon in the batters box,my brother had allthe 55 he needed.41.A.appearanceB.supportC.permissionD.demand42.A.eagerB.willingC.worriedD.excited43.A.timeB.winC.endD.score44.A.brotherB.batterC.coachD.teammate45.A.step intoB.come acrossC.go throughD.look around46.A.difficultB.funnyC.importantD.strange47.A.practicedB.hitC.beatD.answered48.A.excitedB.embarrassedC.confused.disappointed49.A.experienceB.disabilityC.strengthD.preference50.A.quietlyB.patientlyC.maturelyD.firmly51.A.carriedB.rushedC.heldD.followed52.A.assistanceB.recoveryC.treatmentD.wheelchair53.A.tradedB.blamedC.chargedD.mistaken54.A.tearsB.cheersdaughterD.anger55.A.considerationB.appreciationC.rewardD.happiness英语模拟测试（一）第 8 页（共 8 页）第 二 节(共 1 0 小题;每小题1.5分，满 分 1 5 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wild Chinese sturgeon(鳄)are thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs andamong the first class of protected animals in China.Last week,a wild Chinese sturgeon,which isbelieved to be the 56(large)ever found in the past two decades,arrived in Beijing for bettertreatment.The species is one of the 57(critical)endangered fish species in China and can befound only in the Yangtze and Pearl rivers.The Chinese sturgeonHoufullf 58 literally meansgood fortune for ever after”,ar