2023届上海市虹口区高考一模英语试题附解析.pdf
英语2022.12I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of eachconversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers onyour paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a school.B.In a gas station.C.In a hospital.D.In a garage.2.A.At 9:30.B.At 9:40.C.At 10:09.D.At 10:39.3.A.Planning a sports event.C.Reading a newspaper.B.Writing up local news.D.Putting up advertisements.4.A.It is luxurious.B.It is satisfactory.C.It is competitive.D.It is disappointing.5.A.He has had too many holidays this year.C.Phuket is too far for a family holiday.B.He isnt in the mood to travel.D.Family holidays no longer interest him.6.A.His grandma is quite fbnd of the dress.B.The salad and dressing tastes very good.C.The salad and dressing cant match his grandmas.D.His grandma cant make delicious salad with dressing.7.A.She is the speakers5 boss.C.She is not easy-going.B.She is not at home this Saturday.D.She seldom invites people to her home.8.A.The woman doesnt like Serbia.C.The woman is planning a trip to Serbia.B.The woman has been to Serbia.D.The woman has no idea about Serbia.9.A.Live with Jane and Sophie.B.Ask Sophie about her accommodation.C.Invite Vivian to be her roommate.D.Share a room with Jane.10.A.The plane will leave at 3:20.C.The man has just missed his flight.B.The planes departure time remains unknown.D.The man is at a wrong check in counter.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will beasked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation willbe read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possibleanswers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.64 years.C.56 years.B.59 years.D.46 years.12.A.Developing better health care systems.C.Easing the burden to the health services.B.Going through the Covid 19 crisis.D.Lowering the public health budgets.13.A.WHOs effective work in Africa.B.Development of new health policies.C.Measures to lift people from poverty.D.Suggestions for public health efforts in Africa.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.Quitting to talk to someone.C.Abandoning extra work duties.B.Leaving the office without telling anyone.D.Stopping worrying about work performance.15.A.Firing the troubled employees quietly.B.Forgetting about inactive workers.C.Creating a better communication culture.D.Building a direct system of pushing messages.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.16.A.Reasons behind an office culture.C.Tips for a successful job interview.B.Solutions to a workplace conflict.D.Steps of building a lively community.17.A.Working on his paper.C.Taking a nap.B.Thinking of a professor.D.Looking for a reference book.18.A.It is complicating.B.It is boring.C.It is inspiring.D.It is challenging.19.A.A student gave a lecture on American Revolution.B.The professor failed to answer a students question.C.The professor showed his mastery of American history.D.A student was asked a tough question by the professor.20.A.Professor Rivers thinks highly of Professor Anderson.B.Professor Rivers is interested in womens studies.C.Professor Rivers knows little in this area.D.Professor Rivers has a lot of spare time.IL Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping to Make ArtFitness apps and the power of live satellite tracking have allowed runners,cyclists and others to drawhearts,animals,birthday wishes-and even homages to Vermeer-across their local landscapes.In 1665,Johannes Vermeer dabbed(轻涂)the last drop of paint onto a canvas 凡布)in his Dutchstudio,(21)_(complete)his masterpiece“Girl with a Pearl Earring.On A BROOKfan April day 357 years later,Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop,paused herfitness app,and watched as the snaking line of her cycling route(22)(draw)the shape of Vermeers masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn.Ms.Strong creates(23)has come to be known as“GPS art”apractice(24)uses the Global Positioning System mapping capabilities ofmodem phone apps like Strava to create digital drawings using an athletes route across the landscape.(25)biking on a straight path or in circles around a park,Ms.Strong plans her rides in theshapes of birthday cakes,stars,birds,lions and the occasional Vermeer.The hobby has grown with the widespread availability of satellite tracking for use by ordinary people,in fitness apps like Nike Run Club or MapMyRide.It is now a popularity on Strava often(26)(refer)to as“Strava art.”Strava art has existed since that apps release in 2009,but it experienced a sudden increase in use duringthe pandemic(疫情).According to Michael Joseph,a senior communications manager at the company,morethan three billion activities(27)(upload)to Strava since the beginning of 2020.To complete her digital vision of“Girl with a Pearl Earring,Ms.Strong biked almost 50 miles aroundsouthern Brooklyn,carefully checking Strava(28)(make)sure that each turn,circle,and straightawaywas achieving the iconic earring and head covering of Vermeers original.tI always have a big smile on myface(29)it works out and I upload it and its done,she said.Its a far(30)(satisfying)feeling.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accessibleB.criterionC.concentrateD.reducedE.evolvedF.exploreG.hostH.interactI.restorativeJ.stimulationK.verbaliseOutdoor Play Benefits Kids Mental RestorationMany of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established.Our brains 31 innatural landscapes,and our 。步口出(感矢口的)systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces.This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of 32,which is thought to help rechargethe brain when it is tired and easily distractable.Supporting this theory,one study found that children withattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)were better able to 33 following a 20-minute walk inthe park,compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area.Being exposed to grass andtrees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds.The authors recommended using such doses(剂量)of nature“as a safe and 34 way of supporting children with ADHD,alongside other tools.Besides these 35 effects,outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences.For example,playing with mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement 36,whichallows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.Such activities-away from the house or classroom-may also help children to find ways to cope withemotions that may be hard to 37 in other environments.So-called“sand tray therapy”,which involvesusing sand and clay to express ones thoughts and feelings,is an accepted form of counselling fbr childrenwho are struggling to 38 their emotional state.When it comes to the childs physical health,the most obvious advantage of outdoor play may be theexercise.A child may find it easier to build up strength and endurance in a large open space resulting in a(n)39 risk of overweight,according to one study led by Elizabeth Gershoff,professor of human developmentand family sciences at the University of Texas at Austin,US.The latest findings,however,suggest there could be a(n)40 of other advantages to playing innatural environments-and the secret may be alive in the mud itself.IIL Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Does a reassuring touch on the back bring you comfort during a tough day?A new study finds,when itcomes to touching,people arent even 41 about whos doing it.Researchers in Germany say the touchof a humanoid（人形的）robot makes people 42 and more likely to follow their requests.Instead of being 43 on other humans,researchers are hoping that one day robots may be able tofulfill the roles of therapists,personal trainers,and even life coaches.Their study follows the widespreadincrease of touch 44 during the COVID-19 pandemic.Several studies have pointed out how physicaldistancing and isolation is creating a variety of negative effects that increase feelings of stress,depression,and anxiety.In this research,48 students engaged in a conversation with NAO-a programmable research robot.During the course,for some participants,the robot briefly and seemingly randomly 45 the back of theparticipants hand.This differed from the design of other studies,which have relied on 46 touch.In response to therobots touch,most participants smiled and laughed,and none 47.Results show those who were touchedwere more likely to 48 the robot urging them to show interest in a particular academic course discussedduring the conversation.Participants also reported a better 49 state after the robots tap on the hand.50_,students who were touched were more likely to give the robot a higher score for physical attractiveness（although these participants still only rated poor NAO a 2.5 out of 5 on average）.“A robot?s non-functional touch 51 to humans,“Laura Hoffmann from Ruhr University and herteam write.Slightly tapping human participants,hands during a conversation resulted in better feelings andmore compliance（依从）to the request of a humanoid robot.“It is remarkable that simple and brief tap on the back of participants hands showed such an effect.Involving more complex and 52 touching from a robot might increase engagement and compliance.As the researchers argue,this small study-one of the first to examine the 53 of robot-initiatedtouch-suggests that through the use of comforting touches,robot therapists could better 54 patientsto engage in healthy activities such as exercise.However,they caution that much about human-robot 55are complex,with there still more to be learned about the difference between human and robot touch.41.A.curiousB.crazyC.pickyD.certain42.A.happierB.freerC.more stressedD.more frightened43.A.hardB.dependentC.impressedD.based44.A.completionB.formationC.imaginationD.starvation45.A.watchedB.pattedC.cleanedD.blocked46.A.human-initiatedB.time-pressedC.technique-basedD.goal-oriented47.A.made outB.thought backC.pulled awayD.set off48.A.look overB.go along withC.take offD.stand up against49.A.physicalB.emotionalC.financialD.social50.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Still51.A.mattersB.seesC.relatesD.gets52.A.warmerB.longerC.more friendlyD.more forceful53.A.theoryB.historyC.trendD.potential54.A.warnB.persuadeC.forceD.control55.A.similaritiesB.conflictsC.constructionsD.interactionsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishedstatements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits bestaccording to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I know people who say they dont watch television,and I always nod and agree.Reading requiresintelligence,and television is merely entertainment,right?Im going to Scotland this year,and three different people told me I must watch“Outlander“before Igo,which is like Game of Thrones”fbr fans of romance novels.I watched the first four hourlong episodesback to back.When I stood up from the couch I felt sick,and it wasnt just the cookies,popcorn and peanutbutter sandwiches Id had without noticing.It was dark outside,and I felt ashamed.I had spent half a day onthe couch.Research for Scotland?Not exactly.A few days later I had a library book due:The National Book Award winner The Friend,by SigridNunez.I needed to finish it,so I read the last half straight through.I was absorbed in Nunezs New York City,worrying about the heroins career and her future.I finished the book with tears in my eyes and stood upfeeling,well,great.I had wasted another four hours on my couch.I hadnt eaten as much junk food because I needed myhands free-and not stickyso I could turn pages and return the book to the library relatively clean,but Ihadnt moved and once again it was dark outside.Why did I feel so much better and guilt-free?All the research says reading a book is good for you.It reduces stress,promotes comprehension andimagination,relieves depression,helps you sleep and may contribute to preventing Alzheimers.The act ofphysically turning a page creates a momentary pause for understanding to sink in.Our brains have to workto translate the black(弯弯曲曲的线条)on the page into words and then interpret the meaningand intent of those words.When a character is described as tall with brown hair,a reader creates her ownpicture.TV takes ail that imagination away.But theres a lot of good TV now.Id like to say the answer to TV versus books must be,as Aristotlesaid,Moderation in all things/5 though he never had a television or a computer and had to read his scrolls(长卷纸)by candlelight.I agree that too much television is bad for you.I know I feel better if I read,but itwont stop me from watching too:My second DVD of“Outlander“has just arrived,and as soon as I get thisessay done,the rest of my day is free.56.By“I always nod and agree”(paragraph 1),the author implies t hat.A.she should be polite to get the conversation to go onB.she is reluctant to admit that she watches televisionC.she believes those who say they dont watch TVD.she doesnt think highly of TV either57.The phrase“back to back(paragraph 2)is closest in meaning to A.from morning till nightB.one after another without a breakC.leaning against the back of the couchD.looking at the opposite direction58.The author felt better after reading The Friend than watching“Outlander,most probably becauseA.she didnt feel hungry for any snacksB.the TV series got her to cancel her trip to ScotlandC.the television series was no more attractive than the bookD.she regarded reading as more rewarding than watching TV59.What can be concluded from all the research introduced in paragraph 5?A.Reading is active while watching TV is passive.B.Reading involves physical exercises while watching TV doesnt.C.Reading stimulates the brain to concentrate while watching TV doesnt.D.Reading is good for ones mental health while watching TV is bad for it.(B)Guidelines for Poster PresentationsDate:Friday 28 OctoberTime:13.00-14.20(Presenters are required to be by their posters by 12.55 sharp.)Po
