2022年高考英语二轮专题复习：语法填空专项练习题（含答案解析）.pdf
2022年高考英语二轮专题复习：语法填空专项练习题Passage 1(2021陕西咸阳高考一模)Location is a factor that cannot 1.(ignore)when choosing a university.Some people like the 2.(convenient)of big cities,but others like thetranquility(宁静)of a smaller college town.If students choose to study abroad,is itimportant to choose a big city?Before 3.(answer)the question,lefs take 4.look at studentsstudying in China.Many students prefer to study in big cities like Beijing or Shanghai.In a big city,students can get almost anywhere they need to be with convenienttransportation.Students can easily access museums,concerts,5.(theater)andcultural events almost all of the time.Also,internships,cooperative classes and othercareer-boosting experiences are much more accessible.However,students studying in big cities will 6.(typical)face a highercost of living.Even though there 7.(be)more opportunities to go out and dofun things in the city,it may take focus away from your studies.That might be part of the reason 8.many students prefer a college in asmall town.Besides the 9.(low)cost of living and fewer distractions,there9s acloser feeling of community among students.So when you choose the location of your future university,both big cities andsmall towns can be perfect.The point is to consider your own personal preferences andlisten 10.your heart,personal needs and career goals一then you will findthe best option for you.答案及剖析：本文是一篇说明文。文章对选择大学时地理位置的重要性进行了说明。阅读本文，有利于增强学生对选择未来大学地理位置的关注。第1页 共3 0页1 .be ignored考查被动语态。that代指先行词a factor,与 ignore构成被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词cannot后接动词原形。故填be ignored02.convenience考查名词。根据空前定冠词the及空后介词短语of big cities可知，此处要用名词形式，故填convenienceo3.answering考查非谓语动词。介词before后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。4.a 考查冠词。take a look at意为“看一看.”，为固定搭配。5.theaters考查名词复数。根据“museums,concerts”可知,此处应用名词复数。6.typically 考查副词。修饰动词face应用副词。7.a r e 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时，根据there be句型中的主语more opportunities可知应用are。8.w h y 考查定语从句的关系词。关系词指代先行词the reason并在从句中作原因状语。9.1ower考查形容词比较级。根据fewer distractions可知,此处应用形容词比较级。lO.to 考查介词。listen to意为“倾听”，为固定搭配。Passage 2The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.Awakening of Insects(惊蛰)usually 1.(fall)on Mar.5 or so each year.第 2 页 共 3 0 页Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rainfall.As the2.(three)solar term in the lunar year,3.(it)name suggests thefact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened 4.spring thunder and thatthe earth begins to come back to life.lt is the key time for spring agricultural 5.(activity).It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors,especially for people living in the c i t y.6.(drive)to the suburbs,fishing in alake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring.The mostpopular fruit in this season is pears.Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects 7.(be)a widely-practiced custom in China.As the weather gets 8.(warm)and the airbecomes drier,people tend to feel their mouths and tongues are dry,9.can cause colds orcoughs.A pear is sweetjuicy and cold,moistening(湿润)the lungs to an*est acough.10.,pears are highly recommended during the Awakening ofInsects.答案及剖析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国农历传统节气惊蛰的习俗。阅读本文有利于加强学生对于传统文化和习俗的了解，坚定文化自信。1.fa lls 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，故填fallso2.th ird 考查序数词。根据句意可知，这里表示“第三”，应用序数词。故填third。3.its 考查代词。修饰名词name,用形容词性物主代词。故填its。第3页 共3 0页4.b y 考查介词。结合句意可知，冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，表示“被”用介词by。故填 by。5.activities考查名词复数。名词activity为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填activities o6.D riving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少主语，应用动词-ing形式作主语。故填Driving。7.i s 考查主谓一致。动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。8.w arm er考查形容词的比较级。根据and the air becomes drier提示可知，这里用形容词的比较级形式。故填warmer。9.w hich考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。用 which指代前面的事情。故填which olO.Therefore/Thus考查副词。根据前后句之间的关系可知，这里为因果关系。根据逗号可知，这里用副词形式。故填Therefore/ThuSoPassage 3(2021.湖南全真一模)Chinas capital city,Beijing,has opened a new bicycle highway that 1.(connect)the neighbourhoods of Huilongguan in Changping District with the2.(rapid)developing high tech industrial zone in the Haidian District just6.5 kilometres away.Before opening the new highway,the trip 3.bike fromone district to the other could take almost an hour and a half because there wereseveral busy highways to cross in between,4.now the trip can be made inabout 25 minutes.Despite heavy traffic,some 40%of people living in Huilongguan第 4 页 共 3 0 页still choose 5.(drive)their cars to worka commute(上下班路程)thatcan take hours.The new bicycle highway is three lanes(车道)wide and has traffic lights.lt 6._(raise)high in several areas so that it crosses over and above existing vehiclehighways.lt will offer bicycle commuters a more 7.(enjoy)bikingexperience while reducing the time bicyclists spend 8.(wait)at trafficlights.Beijing Municipal Institute of City Planning and Design began designing thebicycle highway in 2016 and 9.(construct)started in 2017.A second stage ofthe bicycle highway will later connect it to Zhongguancun,considered Chinas SiliconValley,10.nearly 20%of people in Huilongguan work.答案及剖析：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国首都北京开通的一条新的自行车“高速”专用路，它连接昌平区回龙观街区和海淀区高科技工业区。阅读本文,有利于提高学生了解新鲜事物的能力。1 .connects考查时态和主谓一致。此处为定语从句修饰先行词a new bicyclehighway,从句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致应用单数。2.rapidly考查副词。修饰形容词developing应用副词rapidly,作状语。3.by 考查介词。表示 骑车”短语为by bike。4.b u t考查连词。结合前后文语境可知此处为转折关系,应用转折连词but。5.to d riv e考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth.意为“选择做某事”。第 5 页 共 3 0 页6.is raised 考查时态和语态。根据后文“crosses over”可知应用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为it,be动词用单数。7.enjoyable考查形容词。修饰名词短语biking experience应用形容词enjoyable,作定语。8.w aiting考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。9.construction 考查名词。此处作主语，表示“建造 应用名词construction,construction表抽象意义，不可数。lO.where考查定语从句的关系词。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Zhongguancun,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where0Passage 4Something significant is happening to the world populationit is aging.Themedian(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 1.(be)30today it is 41and is expected 2.(increase)to 42 by 2050.For Japan,the 3.(number)are more striking22 in 1950,46 today and 53 in 2050.In 2015,one in 12people around the world were over 65;by 2050,it will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven 4.two factors.The first isdeclining birth rate,which means old generations are large 5.(compare)toyounger generations,and so,on average,the population becomes 6.(old)than before.This is 7.(particular)true in the US.The second reason is thatpeople are living longer.A child born in the US today has 8.very realisticchance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.People tend to focus on the first factor.However,greater attention should第6页 共3 0页9.(place)on longevity(长寿).It isnt just that people are,on average,living longer.Its also that they are on average healthier 10.moreproductive for longer.Therefore,they can work fbr longer,consume more and ingeneral be a boost to the economy.答案及剖析：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前世界老龄化的现象以及造成这一现象的两大因素。阅读本文有利于学生了解社会动态。l.w a s 考查时态和主谓一致。结合上文的主语age可知，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，同时根据in 1950可知，此处的时态为一般过去时，故填waso2.to increase考查非谓语动词。根 据 is expected可知，其后需要接不定式to do结构，意为“预计将3.num bers考查名词复数。根据下文的are可知这里需要number的复数形式，故填 numbers o4.b y 考查介词。根据上下文可知，空处位于表示被动的动词后,故应填by表示“由,被”。pared考查非谓语动词。结合句式结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，目.compare 与逻辑主语 old generations 是动宾关系，故填 comparedo compared to 是固定结构，意为“与相比第7页 共3 0页6.older考查形容词比较级。结合句意和下文的than before可知，这里意为“比以前更加年老”，故 填 oldero7.particularly考查副词。根据句式结构可知，此处修饰形容词tr g 故填副词。8.a 考查冠词。根据下文的chance可知，这里表示“非常实际的一个可能性”，且very以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a,表示泛指。9.be p laced考查被动语态。结合句意可知，此 处 attention与place构成被动关系。又因空前是情态动词should,故填be placedolO.and 考查连词。healthier和 more productive构成并列关系，故填and。Passage 5(2021.河南郑州高三模拟)Why does autumn have two names?According to Merriam-Webster,64autumn,appeared first in English in the 1300s,coming from the Latin word“autumnus”.“Autumn“caught on quickly,likely because it replaced the 1.(origin)name“harvest”.As you might imagine,when crops were collected from thefields,calling the season“harvest“might make people 2.(confuse)because“harvest“is also the name fbr the act 3.(it).So“autumn appeared instead of harvest”.Then the term“autumn”,4.was referred to the season between summer and winter,lasted for acouple of 5.(century).“Fall as a name for the season came about sometimein the 1500s,a shortened version of the very poetic phrase fbr“the fall of leaves,9.TheEnglish phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6.anyconfusion.Not even a century later,the phrase became a simple word:fall.Around this same time,the English language was travelling across the globe asBritain expanded,and it was 7.(go)through some changes,as manylanguages did.This was 8.(particular)true in the American colonies(殖民第8页 共3 0页地).Some English words changed in the US,whether in terms of spelling 9.in terms of general usage.In the mid-1800s,British and American English speakersfurther developed in different ways and fhll,was the common word for“autumn”inthe US,while autumn 10.(regard)as the word for fall in England.答案及剖析：本文是一篇说明文。“秋天”这个单词有两种说法:autumn和 fall。本文介绍了它们的具体由来。阅读本文有利于培养学生的跨文化意识。1 .original考查形容词。根据空后的名词name可知，此处应填形容词original,original 作定语修饰 name。2.confused考查形容词。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，表示的是“让人们感到困惑 ，所以应用-ed形式的形容词。故 填 confused。3.i ts e lf考查代词。反身代词itself在此处作the act的同位语。4.w hich考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的autumn,且在从句中作主语。故填which。5.centuries考查名词复数。根据空前的a couple of可知，此处应填centuries。6.t o 考查介词。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”。7.going考查时态。根据语境可知，此句应用过去进行时，故填going。8.particularly 考查副词。修饰形容词true,应用副词particularly。9.o r 考查连词。whether or 为固定搭配，意为“或者或者10.was regarded考查时态和语态。根据上文的时态可知，此处也应用一般过去时,且 autumn和 regard是动宾关系。故此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。第9页 共3 0页Passage 6(2021.安徽合肥高三第二次诊断检测)Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.Chinese chopsticks areround on the eating end which symbolises heaven,while the other end is square whichsymbolises earth.This is because keeping enough food is 1.(great)concernthan anything else.It is important to note that chopsticks are used in many different cultures and thereis no single standard for the use of chopsticks.H ere are some customs2.(associate)with chopsticks in China.Playing with chopsticks 3.(consider)bad manners.And chopsticks should not be placed 4.(vertical)ina bowl of rice or other fbod.Any stick-like object pointing upward 5.(resemble)the incense(香)sticks that people use 6.offerings to their deadfamily members.lt is also bad manners to tap chopsticks on 7.edge of onesbowl,because in ancient China beggars often made this noise 8.(attract)attention.In Chinese,uchopsticks readsctkuai zi,9,which means to have sons soon”,so anewly-married couple will be very happy to accept chopsticks as 9.(they)wedding gift.10.has already been found out is that using chopsticks improvesones memory,increases finger dexterity(灵巧)and can be useful in learning andimproving skills such as Chinese character printing and brush painting.第1 0页 共3 0页答案及剖析：本文是说明文。文章介绍了筷子的特征以及围绕筷子形成的一些习俗。阅读本文有利于学生了解中国传统文化。1 .greater考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“than”可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式。2.associated考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处用过去分词短语“associated with chopsticks”作定语，修饰customs”。3.is considered考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述,应用一般现在时;“Playing with chopsticks”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式;且此处表示玩筷子被看作是不礼貌的行为，故用被动语态。4.vertically考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词要用副词，故填vertically。5.resembles考查时态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述，应用一般现在时;本句为含有“that”引导的定语从句的主从复合句，其中主句的主语是“Any stick-like objectpointing upward”,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。6.a s 考查介词。“as”在这里用作介词，意为“作为”。7.th e 考查冠词。此处特指后面的“bowl”（碗）的边缘，故填定冠词。8.to attract考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式短语“t。attract”作目的状语。9.their 考查代词。此处的“wedding gift”与上文提到的“a newly-married couple”为所属关系，故 填 their。10.W h a t考查主语从句的引导词。此处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示”.的事物”，故填Whato第 1 1 页 共 3 0 页Passage 7China is considered the home of tea.Chinese tea had begun to be exported toJapan and Korea before Tang Dynasty.In the early period of the 17th century,Chinesetea 1.(export)to Europe.The tea from China is in great abundance andvariety.2.(tell)if a pot of tea is nice you can mainly rely 3.thecolour,smell taste and form.One of Chinas six famous tea types is white tea,4.gets its name fromits silver-white colour.lt 5.(be)mainly grown and produced in FujianProvince with a long history,dating back to Northern Song Dynasty in ancientChina.Compared with other major types of tea,it distinguishes itself by6.(it)refreshingly sweet taste and beautiful silver-needle-like shape,thusenjoying great popularity among tea 7.(drink).In addition,the longer it ispreserved,the better health-building effects it ha s.8.(amazing),it has beenproved that if drunk regularly,white tea will greatly benefit peoples physical andmental health.This is because it can not only protect people from being9.(strike)by some common diseases,10.also can effectivelyrelieve symptoms.第1 2页 共3 0页答案及剖析本文是说明文。中国被认为是茶的故乡，本文主要介绍了中国的白茶的特色以及白茶对健康的益处。阅读本文可以增强学生对于白茶相关知识的了解，提高用英语介绍中国事物的能力。1 .was exported 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语In the early period of the 17thcentury可知,此处应用一般过去时，且分析句子结构可知,export和Chinese tea构成被动关系，故填was exportedo2.To t e l l考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语，故填T。telL3.o n考查介词。rely on是固定短语，意为“依靠”。4.w hich考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词white tea,从句中缺少主语，故 用which5.i s考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，这里为客观事实描述,故用一般现在时;又因主语为It,故填is。6.its考查代词。空处修饰其后的名词词组，故用形容词性物主代词its。7.drinkers考查名词复数。根据句中的“popularity among”可知，此处表示在喝茶的人中大受欢迎;再结合常识可知喝茶的人不止一个,drinker是可数名词,故用其复数形式。8.Amazingly考查副词。分析句子结构可知,该词位于句首修饰整个句子，作状语，故用副词。9.struck 考查非谓语动词。根据句中的“beingby some common diseases”可知，此 处 用strike的过去分词形式。lO.but考查连词。结合语境可知，此处考查固定用法not only.but also.。第 1 3 页 共 3 0 页Passage 8Scientists found that air pollution may cause a big reduction in intelligence.Research 1.(conduct)in China showed that air pollution was responsible2.big falls in test scores for languages and arithmetic.The study is calledThe influence of exposure to air pollution on cognitive(认知)performance.lt3.(publish)in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesjournal.The study took place over four years.Researchers analysed speaking4.arithmetic tests taken by 20,000 people of all 5.(age).Theysaid,Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older.”The study is a 6.(warn)to the rest of the world,7.(especial)those in cities.Over 91 per cent of the world population live in areas with poisonousair and air pollution is 8.fourth highest cause of global deaths.Researchers discovered that the longer people were exposed to polluted air,the9.(great)their intelligence went down.They said air pollution caused ayears worth of lost education.For those aged over 60,this could be several years.Aresearcher warnedThere is no shortcut(捷径)to solve this problem.Governmentsreally need to take measures 10.(reduce)air pollution.答案及剖析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了空气污染对人的语言能力和计算能力产生不良影响,人们接触受污染的空气的时间越长，他们的智力越低，因此作者呼吁政府需要采取措施减少空气污染。本文有利于培养学生的环保意识。第 1 4 页 共 3 0 页1 .conducted 考查非谓语动词。Research和conduct是动宾关系,因此用conduct的过去分词作后置定语。2.f o r 考查介词。be responsible for意为 对.负责，是.的原因。3.was published考查时态和语态。由上下文可知，本句的事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。It作主语，它承受谓语动词publish的动作，因此用被动语态;又因主语为单数意义，故谓语动词用单数形式。4.a n d 考查连词。使用并列连词and连接speaking和arithmetic,表示并列意义。5.a g e s考查名词复数。age（年龄）是可数名词,其前有all修饰，在句中要用复数形式。6.w am ing考查名词。warn是动词，其前有不定冠词a,因此要用warn的名词形式 warning o7.especially考查副词。especially表示陈述某一事实之后,列举具有代表性的例子时作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。即副词especially修饰those（指人）in cities,用于着重指出。8.th e 考查冠词。序数词修饰形容词最高级时，其前要用定冠词the。9.greater考查副词的比较级。the+比较级,the+比较级:意为“越.越.”，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。10.to reduce考查非谓语动词。take
