B英语阅读理解1.pdf

阅读理解1Passage OneIf youve been joining in chat room conversations,or reading email with net pals,you have become one ofthe millions who write in a special,short form of English.Throughout the world,every night children and theirelders are talking on-line:many of them are talking at the same time.It is fast:trying talking to six people once.It is convenient:three or four words per exchange.It takescleverness,concentration and quick fingers.And it requires very simple language.Theres neither time nor spacefor explanations.Why waste precious time telling six friends you have to leave for a moment to take care of yourlittle brother when BRB(=be right back)will do?Want to enter a conversation?Just type PMFJI(=pardon me forjumping in).Interested in whom youre talking to?Type A/S/L,the common request to know your pals age,sexand location.You may get 15/M/HK as a reply from your pal.If something makes you laugh,say youre OTF(=on the floor),or LOL(=laughing out loud),or join the two into ROTFL(=rolling on the floor laughing).Andwhen its time to get back to work or go to bed,you type GTG(=got to go)or TTYL(=talk to you later).People want to write as fast as possible,and they want to get their ideas across as quickly as they can.Capital letters are left in the dust,except when expressing feeling,as it takes more time to hold down the“shift”key and use capitals.Punctuation is going too.6,When people are on-line,they talk by.A.using body languageB.drawing some strange picturesC.making phone callsD.making use of an especially short form of English7.The Internet makes many people in the worldA.talking at the same timeB.discover their friends and relativesC.pick out good things to buyD.find out about some problems in society8.The sentence Theres neither time nor space for explanations means thatA.people should use words properlyB.people should know what time it is when they are talkingC.People on-line have to express themselves in a simple wayD.people should communicate in a funny way9,If you get 19/M/HK as an answer to your A/S/L,it meansA.the person who is talking to you is 19 from Hong Kong and he is highB.you are talking to a boy 19 years old and he lives in Hong KongC.you are talking to 19 boys from Hong Kong at the same timeD.the boy from Hong Kong has been online for 19 minutes10,Which of the following is a way to save on-line time?A.People seldom use capital letters or punctuation marks.B.Many people draw pictures.C.People only use the mouse instead of the keyboard.D.People never use the shift key.Passage TwoMany people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day,or about two liters.Why?Because that is what they have been told all their life.But a new report offers some different advice.Experts saypeople should obey their bodies;they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide.Thereport is from the Institute of Medicine,part of the National Academies.This organization provides scientific andtechnical advice to the government and the public.The report contains some general suggestions.The experts say women should get about two-point-sevenliters of water daily.Men should get about three-point-seven liters.But waitin each case that is more than eightglasses.There is an important difference.The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink.In fact,the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines.This isbecause the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.People do not get water only byforcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day.People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk.They drink coffee and tea.These all contain water.As you might expect,the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they arephysically active.The same is true of those who live in hot climates.Spending on heat and activity,peoplecould need two times as much water as others do.11,According to the passage,experts advise people toA.drink eight glasses of water a dayB.drink as much water as they feel like drinkingC.drink a glass of water after each mealD.drink no less than eight glasses of water a day12,Most healthy people meet their daily needs for water by drinkingA when they are tiredB when they are sweatingC when they are thirstyD when they are hungry13,The Institute of Medicine usuallyA changes some traditional ideasB announces some medical advancesC provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the publicD provides scientific and technical advice to the National Academies14,Which of the following is TRUE?A Peoples daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.B The report does tell people how many glasses of water to drink a day.C The experts say it may be possible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guideline.D People cant get water when they drink fruit juices and sodas and milk.15,People need to drink more waterA when they are physically activeB when they live in hot climatesC when they are running long distanceD all of the above阅读2Passage OneDown the entrance hall of the school walk four eighth-grade students.Each one is carrying a small basketwith a single egg inside.Soon more students join them each one of them is also carrying a basket with an egg.Theeggs in a basket are part of a new school program that helps young people understand that having a baby is a greatduty.At the beginning of the program,the teacher puts the students in pairs：one girl and one boy.Each pair getsan egg,which they must take care of for two weeks.For those fourteen days,the students have to take care of theeggs as though they were real babies.Students whose eggs get broken have to start the two weeks all over againwith a new egg.One person in each pair must have the egg with him or her at all times 24 hours a day.At no time can theylet the egg be out of sight.If a teacher catches you without your egg,*said one student,she makes you go get it.They are really strict.1 The teachers also make the students spend half an hour each day sitting with the egg andjust watching it.That can get pretty boring.But its also something that parents spend a lot of time doing.Children say that the program has helped them understand the duties involved in having a child.MIt wasreally hard/said one student,You had to think all the time about the egg.6,The purpose of the program is to help students grasp the idea ofA carrying a basket with an eggB bringing up a babyC laying eggsD studying hard at school7.At the beginning,A only one student joined the programB four students in all were interested in the programC eight students became members of the programD more students than teachers liked the program8.In the third line of Paragraph 2,they refers toA.teachersB.studentsC.eggsD.programs9.Why should the students in the program spend half an hour each day sitting with an egg and just watching it?A.Because it is very boring to have the egg with them at all times.B.Because the teachers in this program are very strict.C.Because only in this way can students understand parents in taking care of children.D.Because if students do not do it,they will fail in the examination.10.From the last paragraph,we can infer thatA.a Program is not only way to educate childrenB.one has to think about a program all the timeC.only one child grasps the purpose of the programD.the program is of help to childrens understanding of parentsPassage TwoDieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years.People have become more health consciousand try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously（有营养地）and exercising more regularly tolose any unnecessary fat that they may have.Not only are people being more careful about what they eat,they are also concerned with how they eat andhow their meals are prepared.People are taking more time for each meal.Many avoid the so called”plastic fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients（成分）in a quietrestaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere.At home,they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinnerwithout phone or TV inteiTuptions.While dieting may be viewed as beneficial,it has also become a serious problem for Americans,particularlyfor young women.Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖）They eat so little thatthey can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight,and although they look like skeletons,they stillinsist that they are fat.The current waves of exercising,dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations tobegin educating the public.Many schools,hospitals,health organizations,newspapers and magazines,forexample,are offering classes,printing booklet articles,etc.to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet,of the dangers of dieting too rapidly,and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves onthe road to“diet addiction.11.These days people are dieting more becauseA they have become fatter and fatterB they have realized the danger of eatingC they have become more health consciousD they have taken better care of themselves12.What changes have people made in the atmosphere of mealtime?A.They are taking more time for each meal.B.They are eating in quiet restaurants with more leisurely atmosphere.C.At home they are eating without phone or TV interruptions.D.All of the above.13.“They look like skeletons“in the third paragraph most probably meansA.they are very prettyB.they are very uglyC.they are too thinD.they are starving14 The main idea of the last paragraph is aboutA how the organizations try to help people with dieting addictionB what kind of mediums can be used to educate the publicC where people with dieting addiction can go to ask for helpD what causes the organizations to begin educating the public15,According to this passage,we can infer that the atmosphere of eating has something to do withA.dietingB.mannersC.healthD.exercising阅读3Passage OnePeople often say that the Englishmans home is his castle.They mean that the home is very important andpersonal.Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats,and many people own their homes.This meansthat they can make them personal,and change them in any way they like.Most houses have a garden,even if it isa small one,and the garden is usually loved.The house and the garden are the private space of a person.In acrowded city a person knows that he or she has a private space which is only for himself or herself and for invitedfriends.People usually like to mark their space.If you are on the beach you may have spread your towels aroundyou;in the train you may have put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you;in a library you may spread yourbooks around you.Once I was traveling on a train to London.I was on a section for four people and there was atable between us.The man opposite to me had his briefcase on the table.There was no space on my side of thetable at all.I was unhappy.I thought he thought that he owned the whole table.I had been reading a book aboutnonverbal（非语言的）communication so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his case!When Idid this he suddenly became angry and his eyes nearly popped out（突出）of his head.I had taken up his space!Afew minutes later I took my papers off in order to read them.He immediately moved his case to his side of thetable.6,What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A.The home matters greatly to Englishmen.B.The castle is more important than the home.C.The home is more important than the castle.D.Englishmen usually live in homes instead of castle.7.Which of the following is NOT the reason for most British to live in homes?A.They can make changes in houses in which they live.B.They love houses more than gardens.C.They can own private space like the house and the garden.D.They can keep the private space to themselves and friends.8.According to Paragraph 2,if you spread your books around you in a library,it means:A.you want to spread your towels around you furtherB.you want to put your coat on the tableC.you can find no space for your books on the seatD.you want to tell others the space belongs to you9.How did the man opposite to the writer show he owned the whole table?A.He sat in a section for four people.B.He placed his briefcase on the table.C.He was traveling on a train to London.D.He was reading a book.10.The writer tried to get back his space by.A.moving the case off the tableB.taking all his papers outC.taking up the space of the man oppositeD.showing the books concerned to the manPassage TwoVisitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation.TheDaily Mirror and the Daily Express both sell about four million copies every day.British families generallybuy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.Besides the national papers,there is,however,another branch of the British press which sells almost asmany copies.Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million.Almost every town and country area hasone.Nearly all of them hold their own financially and many of them are very profitable.These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events births,weddings,deaths,council meetings and sports.Editors prefer to rely on people who know the district well.A great deal of localnews is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neighborhood and it does not get out of date as quickly asnational news.The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising.They are usuallyanxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason.But if the newspaper is well written and thenews items have been carefully chosen to draw local readers,the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity tokeep their products in the public eyes.11,Visitors to Britain are surprised to learn thatA.local papers should have a circulation of four millionB.there are so many local newspapers thereC.British newspapers are so widely readD.the Daily Mirror and Daily Express sell as many as 4 million copies every day12 Local newspapers haveA.a circulation as large as that of national newspapersB.a daily circulation of 13 millionC.an even larger circulationD.a slightly smaller circulation13.Which of the following statement is correct?A Nearly all towns and country areas have their own papers.B Every town and country area has at least one paper of its own.C There is a paper,national or local,in each town and country area.D A lot of distant town and country areas do not have their own paper;14 Which of the following is NOT true?A.A great deal of local news is supplied by the clubs and churches.B.Local readers are much interested in local news.C.These papers are written almost entirely for local readers.D.These pape