2023年人教版七年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳总结全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳全面超详细知识汇总全面汇总归纳全面汇总归纳.pdf
人教版英语七年级下册第三单元知识点知识点讲解一、重点词组及短语：1._ _ _学校规章制度2._/_ _ _遵守规章制度；_ _ _违反规章制度3._ _ _ _=_ _ _ _ 上课迟到4._ _饭厅，餐厅 5._ _ 在课堂上6._ _ 准时（_ _及时）7._ _ _ _ 在教室里吃东西8._ _ _ 戴帽子 9._ _ 听10._ _校服 11._ _穿制服12._ _ 我明白了 13._ _do 不得不做14._/_ _保持安静16._（_）_ 制订规则 18._ _ _在上学期间19._ _ _在校期间的晚上20._ _ _=_ _ _ _练习弹钢琴practice doing 练习做 21._ _外出 22._ _看望朋友23._ _ _=_ _ _打扫房间24._ _ _ 洗餐具25._ _/_ _太多的(可数/不可数 )26._ _ _=_ _ _铺床27._ _ _ 去睡觉 _ _ _在床上28._ _(sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事）29._ _ _ sb _sth 对某人要求严格30._ _ _ _学（做某事）31._ _ _=_ _不要说话。二、知识点解析1.Ms./Mrs./Miss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。2.in time和 on time区别_ _“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕；_ _“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。He always go to school_ time.他总是按时上学。Fireman reached the house on fire _ time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。3.hear、listen 和 soundhear 听说 听的内容；listen 听侧重于 听这一动作；sound 听起来 Im sorry to _ that you are ill.It _ like fun.听起来挺有趣。That _ great.那听着真很好。_ _ me carefully.认真听我说。The children like to_ _ music.孩子们喜欢听音乐。4.辨析 take,bringtake“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方；bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。Can you help me to_ the books to the classroom?你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？_ your homework here tomorrow,please.请你明天把作业带到这儿来。5.be strict with sb“对某人严厉”be strict in(doing)sth“对某事要求严格”Mr.White is very strict _ us.怀特先生对我们要求很严格。We should be strict _ ourselves.我们应该对自己要求严格。Our boss is strict _ our work.我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。6.remember“记得，记住”，forget“忘记，忘了”，remember_ sth 记得已做某事（已做）；remember _ _ sth 记得要做某事（还没做）I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。Remember to post the letter for me.记得给我寄这封信。7.help“帮助”，help sb _ _ sth帮助某人做某事；help 还可作名词，表示“帮助”，是不可数。help sb _ sth(n.)帮助某人做某事；help oneself to+n.请随便用I often help him with his lessons.我常帮他学功课。Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。8.too many,too much与 much too易混词组意义及用法例句too many形容词，“太，太多”，接 _ There are too many people in the park.too much形容词，“太多”，接 _ I have too much homework today.much too副词，“太，非常”，接 _/_ My mother is much too busy.【典型例题】I have _skirts and this one is _large for me,so you can take it if you like.A.too many;too much B.too much;much too C.too many;much too 9.either,too与 also易混词意义及用法例句either“也”，用于 _ 句，置于 _ 时用“，”隔开I won t go there,either.too“也”，用于 _ 句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于 _，句中I also like English.【典型例题】I don t like her,_.A.also B.too C.either D.to 10._ _=_ _ _ _玩得开心，过得愉快11.No talking!禁止交谈。no 后面加上名词或动名词doing 也表示不要做某事。与 dont+do的用法相似。Eg:_wet umbrellas!/_put wet umbrellas here!_food!_ eat food here!_smoking!_smoke here!三、重点语法1.情态动词have to 的用法：意思是 必须、不得不侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用has to，其它时候用have to（过去时：无论人称和单复数都用had to.Eg:We_ _ wear sneakers for gym class.Tom _ _ practice the guitar every day.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。否定形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+一般现在时:主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt have to,其它时候用dont have to.(过去时:无论人称和单复数都用didnt have to)Eg:Nick _ _ _ wear a uniform.尼克不必穿制服。We_ _ _ do our homework at once.我们不必马上完成作业。疑问句：Do、Does 或 Did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他Eg:-Do you have to stay at home on weekends?-_，_ _/_，_ _【典型例题】Lucy has to wear sports shoes for gym class.(该为否定句)Lucy _ _ _ wear sports shoes for gym class.2.情态动词must 的用法：must表示说话人的主观看法，及 主观上的必要性，还用于 命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must.在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。Eg:You must finish your homework fist.你必须先完成作业。表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。Eg:The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。以 must 开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用needn t（不必要），不用 mustn t（不允许），mustn t 常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。Eg:-Must I go there on foot?我必须得走过去吗？-No,you needn t.不，你不需要。You mustn t park your car here.你的车不允许停在这儿。【典型例题】Its very warm outside.You _wear the coat.A.have to B.hadnt C.don t have to D.mustnt 3.情态动词 can 的用法：表示能力：会能Eg:Can you play the guitar?Judy can speak a little Chinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing.我能唱歌又能跳舞。表示允许、许可：可以、能Eg:Can the students run in the hallways?We can eat outside.我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in?注意：同样是情态动词can 和 have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中直接在can 后加上 not；在疑问句中把can 放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化，而 have to 是有相应变化的，详情请参照上一条。【典型例题】The children _play football on the road.A.can B.must C.mustnt D.may-Must I clean the blackboard?-No,you _.A.needn t B.mustn t C.can t D.may not Your mother _there,she has gone to America.A.must be B.could be C.may be D.cant be 4.祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。祈使句的肯定句：行为动词原形+其他Eg:Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet,please.=Please be quiet.请安静。请求 Be kind to our sister.对姐妹要和善。劝告 Watch your steps.走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句 Keep off the grass.勿践草坪。禁止 No parking.禁止停车。禁止以 Let 开头的祈使句，Let 后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not,Eg:Lets not do that again.我们别再那样做了。如果 Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let 前加助动词Don t,Eg:Don t let them come in.别让他们进来。祈使句的否定通常使用“Dont”，Dont+动词原形（行为动词/be 动词）+其他Eg:_ let the dog in.不要让那只狗进来。_ touch,please.请不要用手触摸。_ be noisy.别吵了。祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：Eg:You go and tell him,Chris.克立斯你去告诉他。【典型例题】1._late for class!A.Dont B.Not be C.Dont be 2._worry about me Mom.Ive grown up.A.Dont B.Don t be C.Not D.Not be 3.Run in the hallways.（改为否定句）_ _in the hallways.4.英译汉：别在马路上跑。_ 作文写写你的家规和你的感觉。早上，上学，放学，晚上，和周末。_ Unit 4 Don t eat in class知识点讲解一、重点词组及短语：1.school rules 学校规章制度2.break（fallow/keep）the rules 违反(遵守)规章制度3.arrive late for class=be late for class 上课迟到4.dining hall饭厅，餐厅5.in class 在课堂上6.on time准时（in time及时）7.eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西8.wear a hat(hats)戴帽子9.listen to 听10.school uniforms校服11.wear uniforms穿制服12.I see 我明白了13.have to do 不得不做14.be（keep）quiet 保持安静15.according to根据，依据16.make（up）ruler 制订规则17.share（sth）with sb 和某人分享（）18.on school days在上学期间19.on school nights在校期间的晚上20.practice(playing)the piano 练习弹钢琴 practice doing 练习做 21.go out外出22.see friends看望朋友23.clean(ones)room打扫房间24.do the dishes洗餐具25.too many/much太多的(可数/不可数 )26.make(ones)bed 铺床27.go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上）28.think about(sb/sth/doing sth)考虑（某人/某物/做某事）29.be strict(with sb)对某人）要求严格30.learn to do sth学（做某事）31.Dont talk.=No talking.不要说话。二、知识点解析1.Don t fight.不要打架。fight 作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.fight for“为而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。fight against“为反对而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。Eg:They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。Eg:Don t fight with him.不要和他打架。【典型例题】They fought _the Italians in the last war,but_them in this war.A.with;with B.with;for C.against;against D.with;against 2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。Madam:也用于已婚女子，意为“夫人、女士”，一般单独使用，不与姓连用Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。3.辨析：get to/reach/arrive相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+地点；reach+地点arrive at+小地点（车站等）；arrive in+大地点（国家等）注意：get to与地点副词（here/there/home）不用介词to Eg:I want to go to Beijing.I got home at 15:00.我下午三点到的家。arrive 是不及物动词，后面若接地点名词则要和in/at 连用，接地点副词时则不用介词。Eg:I arrived home at 15:00.=I got home at 15:00.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到的上海。He arrived yesterday.他昨天到的。reach 是及物动词，后面直接接地点名词或副词。Eg:When will they reach here?【典型例题】-What time did the team_the top of the mountain?-At about 4:30 p.m.A.come B.go C.arrive D.arrive at 4.on time“准时，按时”，指按规定的时刻不早不晚。Eg:He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。in time“及时”，指没有迟到，时间还充裕。Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。5.hear、listen 和 sound都有 听的意思，但三者是有区别的：hear 听说 听的内容。Eg:Im sorry to hear that you are ill.I never heard such an interesting story.我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。listen 听侧重于 听这一动作。Eg:Listen to me carefully.认真听我说。The children like to listen to music.孩子们喜欢听音乐。sound 听起来 Eg:That sounds great.那听起来真不错。It sounds like fun.听起来挺有趣。【典型例题】_carefully,or you are not able to_anything.(be able to do sth能够做)A.Hear;listen B.Listen;hear C.Hear;listen D.Listen;listen 6.辨析 take,bring take“带走，拿走”指把东西从说话地带到别的地方。Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？bring“带来”指把东西从别处带到说话地。Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.请你明天把作业带到这儿来。【典型例题】_away this dirty shirt and _me a clean one.A.Take;bring B.Take;take C.Bring;take D.Bring;bring 7.strict 是形容词，意为“严格的”；“严厉的”，通常与be 动词连用。be strict with sb“对某人严厉”Eg:Mr.White is very strict with us.怀特先生对我们要求很严格。We should be strict with ourselves.我们应该对自己要求严格。be strict in(doing)sth“对某事要求严格”Eg:Our boss is strict in our work.我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。8.remember“记得，记住”，是及物动词，可以直接加名词。remember doing sth记得已做某事（已做）Eg:I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。remember to do sth 记得要做某事（还没做）Eg:Remember to post the letter for me.记得给我寄这封信。forget“忘记，忘了”，作 remember反义词时，用法和remember相同。9.help 作动词意为“帮助”，常用的结构有：help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事help sb with sth(n.)帮助某人做某事Eg:I often help him with his lessons.我常帮他学功课。help oneself(myself/yourself/herself)to+n.请随便用Eg:Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。help 还可作名词，表示“帮助”，是不可数。10.too mang,too much与 much too易混词组意义及用法例句too mang形容词，“太，太多”，接可数名词There are too mang people in the park.too much形容词，“太多”，接不可数名词I have too much homework today.much too副词，“太，非常”，接形容词或副词My mother is much too busy.【典型例题】I have _skirts and this one is _large for me,so you can take it if you like.A.too mang;too much B.too much;much too C.too mang;much too 11.either,too与 also易混词意义及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末时用“，”隔开I won t go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.【典型例题】I don t like her,_.A.also B.too C.either D.to 10.have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得开心，过得愉快12.be in bed 在床上、卧床，in 和 bed 之间不能用冠词，bed 也不用复数。Eg:He is in bed for 10 years.他卧床 10 年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。.13.No talking!禁止交谈。no 后面加上名词或动名词doing 也表示不要做某事。与 dont+do的用法相似。Eg:No wet umbrellas!/Dont put wet umbrellas here!No food!Dont eat food here!No smoking!Dont smoke here!三、重点语法2.情态动词have to 的用法：意思是 必须、不得不侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用has to，其它时候用have to（过去时：无论人称和单复数都用had to.Eg:We have to wear sneakers for gym class.Tom has to practice the guitar every day.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。（I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday.上周一我不得不早上5 点起床。）否定形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+一般现在时:主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt have to,其它时候用dont have to.(过去时:无论人称和单复数都用didnt have to)Eg:Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform.尼克不必穿制服。We didnt have to do our homework at once.我们不必马上完成作业。疑问句：Do、Does 或 Did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他Eg:-Do you have to stay at home on weekends?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night?11 点前上床睡觉吗？【典型例题】Lucy has to wear sports shoes for gym class.(该为否定句)Lucy _ _ to wear sports shoes for gym class.2.情态动词must的用法：must表示说话人的主观看法，及 主观上的必要性，还用于 命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must.在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。Eg:You must finish your homework fist.你必须先完成作业。表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。Eg:The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。以 must 开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用needn t（不必要），不用 mustn t（不允许），mustn t 常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。Eg:-Must I go there on foot?我必须得走过去吗？-No,you needn t.不，你不需要。You mustn t park your car here.你的车不允许停在这儿。【典型例题】Its very warm outside.You _wear the coat.A.have to B.hadnt C.don t have to D.mustnt 3.情态动词can 的用法：表示能力：会能Eg:Can you play the guitar?Judy can speak a little Chinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing.我能唱歌又能跳舞。表示允许、许可：可以、能Eg:Can the students run in the hallways?We can eat outside.我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in?注意：同样是情态动词can 和 have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中直接在can 后加上 not；在疑问句中把can 放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化，而 have to 是有相应变化的，详情请参照上一条。【典型例题】The children _play football on the road.A.can B.must C.mustnt D.may-Must I clean the blackboard?-No,you _.A.needn t B.mustn t C.can t D.may not Your mother _there,she has gone to America.A.must be B.could be C.may be D.cant be 4.祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。祈使句的肯定句：行为动词原形+其他Eg:Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet,please.=Please be quiet.请安静。请求 Be kind to our sister.对姐妹要和善。劝告 Watch your steps.走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句 Keep off the grass.勿践草坪。禁止 No parking.禁止停车。禁止以 Let 开头的祈使句，Let 后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not,Eg:Lets not do that again.我们别再那样做了。如果 Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let 前加助动词Don t,Eg:Don t let them come in.别让他们进来。祈使句的否定通常使用“Dont”，Dont+动词原形（行为动词/be 动词）+其他Eg:Dont let the dog in.不要让那只狗进来。Dont touch,please.请不要用手触摸。Dont be silly.别傻了。祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：Eg:You go and tell him,Chris.克立斯你去告诉他。【典型例题】1_late for class!A.Don t B.Not be C.Dont be 2_worry about me Mom.Ive grown up.A.Don t B.Don t be C.Not D.Not be 3Run in the hallways.（改为否定句）_ _in the hallways.4英译汉：别在马路上跑。_
