全新版大学英语综合教程4【课后答案】.pdf
全新版大学英语综合教程全新版大学英语综合教程4 4课后习题答案课后习题答案（一）（一）Unit 1I.Vocabulary1.1)alliance2)at the cost of3)stroke4)limp5)minus6)regions7)declarations8)siege9)raw10)bide his time11)have taken their toll12)in the case of2.1)is faced with2)get bogged down3)is pressing on/pressed on 4)drag on5)get by 6)dine out7)have cut back 8)get through3.1)The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2)Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materialsdue to the dock workers strike.3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4)Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date.4.1)Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours,we had to give up the occupation of bigcities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.2)Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization.Failure to reckon with this problemwill weaken its strength.In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal strugglein an organization.3)The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against theGermans.In fact,this battle turned the tide in the Second World War.During this famous battle,theSoviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series ofcounterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1)During the First World War,battles occurred here and there over vast areas.Some of themostdramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2)Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3)Ispent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement,but he turned a deaf ear to all mywords.4)Pneumonia had severely weakened her body,and I wondered how her fragile body couldwithstand the harsh weather.1/11III.Usage1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it.3)Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work.4)Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warmyou could easily get burned,especially if you fallasleep.5)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Structure1.1)To his great delight,Dr.Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by30 percent.2)To her great relief,her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.3)To our disappointment,our womens team lost out to the North Koreans.4)We think,much to our regret,that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas.2.1)These birds nest in the vast swamps(which lie to the)east of the Nile.2)By 1948,the Peoples Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the YangtzeRiver.3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France,but came to live in the UnitedStates at the age of four.4)The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States forabout 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze(A)1.invasion3.Conquest5.launching7.campaign9.reckon with(B)1.allow3.highly5.rapidly7.delivery9.observing2.stand in the way4.catching.off his guard6.declaration8.drag on10.bringing.to a halt2.reckoned4.forecasts6.instant8.advantage10.PowerfulII.Translation4)Mr.Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.5)We must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.6)Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months,Phil is getting increasingly desperate.2/117)Sam,as the project manager,is decisive,efficient,and accurate in his judgment.8)Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution,the village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days,but we had not gained much ground.Our troopsengaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance.The divisioncommander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surpriseattack.To do so,however,we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might getbogged down in the mud.Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble.We started undercover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties.By a stroke of luck,the temperature atnight suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over.Thanks to the coldweather,we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear.This turned the tide of the battle.The enemy,caught off guard,soon surrendered.Unit 2I.Vocabulary1.1.expansion 2.automated 3.vapor 4.take control of5.hazards 6.satellite 7.vibrated 8.magnetic9.bunched 10.in the air 11.got stuck in 12.approximately2.1.send out 2.stand up for 3.pass for4.were closing in on 5.starting up6.went through 7.fill out8.fall into3.1)the application,remote,has turned into a reality,are poised to2)that vibrate,can detect,frequency3)lanes,are mounted in,alert a,hazardII.Word formationKilogramMedical careMemorandumElectronic mailGymnasiumCommunications satelliteLiberationNews broadcastDoctorSky hijackVeterinarianEuropean dollarPreparatoryBreakfast and lunchAutomobileTelevision broadcastinfluenzaOxford and CambridgeIII.Usage1)swimming pool2)drawing board3)enriched Middle English4)disturbing change5)fully developed prototype3/116)Canned foods7)working population8)puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze1)computerized 2)start up 3)be poised to 4)alert5)hazards 6)monotonous 7)take control of8)steer9)lane 10)decrease 11)calculate 12)eliminate13)getting stuck in 14)mounted 15)detect 16)vapor1)generates 2)related 3)revolutionized 4)enabled5)opportunities 6)overall 7)manufacturing8)dependent9)interact 10)fatalitiesII.Translation1)There was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2)The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall inliving standards and an increase in social problems.3)The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with globaltemperatures.4)The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.5)The diver stood on the edge of the diving board,poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Automobiles have,since their invention,revolutionized transportation,changing forever the waypeople live,travel,and do business.On the other hand,they have brought hazards,especiallyhighway fatalities.However,today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors indesigning and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents.Forexample,electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to startup the engine.They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out fromorbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.Unit 3I.Vocabulary1)rude2)physically 3)structure4)made a difference5)blurted(out)6)chuckling7)Measurable 8)prospective6)preparations10)Sparkled 11)took a crack at 12)partner1)go after 2)look back at/on 3)be put up 4)stood for5)build in6)follow up7)be hooked up to8)closed up1)grilled her about where she had been all night2)beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could oneday dance in the Kings palace3)will be in readers hands soon4)do your homework before going on an interview.5)was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.1）applicants,veteran,the prospective2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to goafter4/113)as the saying goes,to have a crack at,barely1.Behave 2.used to avoid repetition 3.clean4.get along 5.perform/complete 6.perform/complete7.Study 8.be enough 9.be acceptableStructure1.There is so much to say and it is hard to know where tobegin.OK,Ill talk about myself first.2.Thank you very much,John,for your beautiful Christmascard.Bythe way,I have something herefor you.3.The new computer language can be quite easily understoodby anyone who can read the dailynewspaper.Now,why isthis an advantage?4.Im going to work out the outline and will let you know howit goes.By the way,I will see you inFebruary,as I plan toattend your seminar in Shanghai.5.OK,you got the job.Now,howto maximize your profitswith as little effort as possible?6.Chris is back from Australia.Incidentally,thosepicturesyou sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze(1)Prospective(2)As I see it(3)done your homework(4)beforehand(5)Endeavor(6)structure(7)Partners(8)Respond(9)take a crack(10)from the standpoint(11)make a difference(12)follow up(1)encouraging(2)inquiry(3)relevant (4)samples(5)references(6)advice(7)preparing(8)seriously(9)probably (10)exhibitII.Translation1)Despite theinadequatelength of the airstrip in thisemergency landing,theveteran pilotmanaged tostop theplane aftertaxiing foronly a short while.2)Grilled bythe reporters,the movie star eventuallyblurted(out)thatshe had undergone two plasticsurgeries.3)We have the technology and ourpartner hasthe capital.Working together,well have the futureinour hands.4)If I had knownbeforehand thatyou would bring so manyfriends home,I would have madebetterpreparations.Yousee,I havebarely enoughfood and drinks for a snack.5)People gavegenerously uponlearning that new schoolrooms with strongerstructures wereto be builtin theearthquake-stricken area.Well begun,half done,as the saying goes.It isextremely important for a jobapplicant todohishomeworkwhile seeking employment.From mystandpoint,whether or not one has done hishomeworkclearlymakes a differencein his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere intheneighborhood of100,000 dollars a years in alargecomputer software company.He told me that from hisown experience the decision makers whointerviewprospectiveemployees like people who are wellprepared.Those who make noendeavor5/11tolearn asmuch about his prospective employer as possible don thave much of a chance of success.Unit 4I.Vocabulary1)advantageous2)let alone3)witnessing/vanishing 4)landmark5)entitled 6)displace7)Establishment 8)patriotic/strengthen9)contradictions 10)aspires11)divorced 12)pendulums1)come to 2)dozed off3)believed in 4)was set apart5)take in6)sucks in7)clean up 8)turn away1)For me,it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the worlds biggest car maker.3)Shortly after their marriage,Mr.Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesnt even know how to boil potatoes,let alone cook a meal.a)is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb)economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc)a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleII.Word formationWTOGDPATMVATCADITIDDMTVRadarIOCVIPLaserCPUWorld Trade OrganizationGross domestic productAutomated teller machineValue-added taxComputer-aided designInformation technologyInternational direct dialingMusic televisionRadio detecting and rangingInternational Olympic CommitteeVery important personLight amplification by stimulated emission ofradiationCentral processing unit世界贸易组织国内生产总值自动出纳机增值税计算机辅助设计信息技术国际直拨电话音乐电视雷达国际奥委会贵宾，大人物激光处理器III.Usage1)An unusual present,a book on ethics,was given to Henry for his birthday.2)The reason(he gave)that he didnt notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3)Football,his only interest in life,has brought him many friends.4)Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago,then dismissed,something that seriousscientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive Exercises6/11I.Cloze(A)1.academics working3.a variety of 4.growth5.vanish 6.facilitate7.endorsing 8.outlook9.sweeping aside 10.patriotic11.erasing 12.strike a balance(B)1.aided3.distances5.invested7.prevailing9.volume2.effects4.connected6.features8.qualitatively10.DistinguishingII.Translation1)Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy,John has moved his assets from Europeto elsewhere.2)I like hiring young people.They are earnest learners and committed to work.3)Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children,Mary cares more about herpersonal growth.4)Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5)The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation withdeveloping countries.Globalization has great implications for young Chinese.For example,young farmers are moving ona large scale to urban areas to look for jobs.And for those young people who aspire to study abroador work in foreign-invested enterprises,English has become increasingly important.At the sametime,a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years,forthey hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy.The internet hasstrengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere.They follow the latesttrend and copy foreign fashions.Some of them dont seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues,let alone carry them forward,which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culturemight one day vanish.Unit 5I.Vocabulary1)In a way 2)in accordance 3)vacancy 4)in good condition5)transparent 6)rub 7)spicy 8)hitherto9)with(a)bad grace 10)instinct 11)pawned 12)current1)turned up 2)will stick to 3)brought back 4)go about5)driving at 6)put away 7)over 8)took aback1)has a very weak constitution-she may not be able to survive the operation.2)was taken aback by the insurance companys rejection of my compensation claim3)was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.7/114)needs trimming/to be trimmed-its getting too long.5)are often deceptive1)Oddly enough/went broke/wrinkled/he had gone all to pieces2)definite/is capable of/her vanity3)too mild/sipping/strokeII.Usage1.Except for 2.except that 3.except 4.except when5.except to 6.except what 7.except where 8.except thatIII.vocabularyAmEapartmentcancandyelevatorfacultyfirst floorgas,gasolinemailrailroadpantssubwaycornstoreBrEflattinsweetsliftstaff(of a university)ground floorpetrolpostrailwaytrouserstube,undergroundmaizeshopspellingAmEfavorableparalyzelabormetercataloglevelingtheaterdefenseplowprogrampractice(v.)characterizetireBrEfavourableparalyselabourmetrecataloguelevellingtheatredefenceploughprogrammepractisecharacterisetyre(on a car)Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze1.insane 2.current 3.candid 4.capable5.was taken aback6.in good condition 7.constitution 8.go all to pieces9.gone broke10.vacancy 11.mild 12.deceptive1.suspected 2.pleading 3.confirmed 4.stunned 5.lucrative6.jewellery 7.wealthy 8.urge 9.spell 10
