中考英语中考英语语法填空训练知识点总结及答案.pdf

中考英语中考英语语法填空训练知识点总结及答案一、英语语法填空汇编1.阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。There is a nice family living in Valladolid,a beautiful city in S p a in.f a t h e r,Jose Garcia,is a tall and friendly man.He(work)in a famous company.He married Teresa,a(beauty)w o m a n,d a r k eyes and light hair.She is a(teach)ofa primary school.Jose and Teresa have t hr ee(child):Susan,Rebecca and Juan.The(old),Susan,is 24 years old.Shes a doctor and busy with her work every day.She(usual)goes to work at 8 a.m.and comes home after 7p.m.Rebecca,a beautifulgirl with big dark eyes,is 19 years old and(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands.Juan,a naughty 11-year-oldboy,dreams of a great football player.They are a happy family.【答 案】The；works；beautiful；with；teacher；children；eldest；usually；studies；becoming【解析】【分析】文章大意：在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德，住着一个很好的家庭。何塞 加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子：苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊，2 4 岁。她是个医生，每天都忙于工作。She早 上 8 点上班，晚 上 7点回家。Rebecca,1 9 岁，在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安，一个顽皮的1 1 岁男孩，梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。(1)句意：爸爸，何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸，因此使用定冠词，因为在句首，手 字 母 t 应大写，故答案是 The。(2)句意：他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时，所以本句也是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是works。(3)句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautifulo(4)句意：他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰w om an,应使用介词with连接，故答案是with。(5)句意：他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词，与 teach相关的名词是teacher,老师，故答案是teacher。(6)句意：何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子，可数名词，根 据 three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。(7)句意：最大的，苏 珊 2 4 岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大，兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldesto(8)句意：她通常八点上班。usual修 饰 go to w o rk,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usuallyo(9)句意：长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡1 9 岁了，在加那利群岛学习中文，文章的基本时态为一般现在时，主 语 Rebacca是第三人称单数，动词使用单三形式，故答案是studies。(1 0)句意：十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩，他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。空缺处是a great football player.的逻辑谓语，能够跟a great football player.构成动宾关系的是become,of是介词，介词后跟动词ing形式，故答案是becoming。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。2.阅读下面材料，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每 空 1 个单词）A group of boys gathered around a tree,What a tall tree!they said to each other.It wouldbe exciting to climb to the top!The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who coul d（climb）to thetop of the tree first.Thei r （mother）were sitting not far away,looking on at them asthey played.One of the climbers was（冠词）8-year-old boy named David.He was the（short）child in the group.Nobody thought he would win the competition.Then the game started.All of the boys tri ed（they 1 best to climb as high as theyc oul d.（连词）they all made it halfway up the tree before David did,he reached thetop of the tree first in the end.His mother was proud to see this.She asked him,David,how did you manage to reach the topof the tree so（quick）?It was easy,David said,The other children （keep）looking down as theyclimbed.When they realized how high they were,they got scared and were afraid of（fall）down.I,however;looked only up.When I saw how close I was,I just went higher andhigher until I reached the lop.It is true in life that if we just keep going f o r wa r d （介词）looking back,we are morelikely to reach our goals and achieve success.【答案】climb；mothers；an；shortest；their；Although/Though；quickly；kept；falling；without【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这群男孩于是决定玩一个游戏，看谁能先爬到树顶。climb是动词，爬，could是情态动词其后是动词原形，故填climb。（2）句意：他们的母亲坐在不远处，看着他们玩耍。mother是名词，妈妈，此处泛指故用复数,故填mothers。（3）句意：其中一个登山者是一个名叫大卫的8 岁男孩。boy是名词单数，8 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，故填an。（4）句意：他是小组里个子最矮的孩子。没有人想到他会赢得这场比赛。short是形容词，矮的，根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级，故填shortest。（5）句意：然后比赛开始了。所有的男孩都尽力爬到尽可能高的地方。try ones best tod o,固定搭配，尽某人最大努力做某事，they的形容词性物主代词是th e ir,他们的，故填their。（6）句意：虽然他们都比大卫先爬到了树的一半，但最后他还是第一个到达了树顶。根据 they all made it halfway up the tree 和 he reached the top of the tree first in the end,可知此处是让步状语从句的语气，although/though,尽管，故填Although/Though。(7)句意：大卫，你是怎么这么快就爬到树顶的？副 词 修 饰 reach,q u ick的副词是quickly,迅速地,故填 quickly。(8)句意：其他孩子在爬山时不断向下看。根据as they climbed可知时态是一般过去时，keep的是动词，其过去式是kep t,保持，故填kept。(9)句意：当他们意识到自己有多高时，就会感到害怕，害怕摔倒。fa ll是动词，落下，of是介词，其后是动名词falling,故填falling。(1 0)句意：这是真实的生活，如果我们继续向前，而不回头看，我们更有可能达到我们的目标和取得成功。根 据 keep going forward可知是不要回头，without是介词，没有，故填 withouto【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。3.阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house.He was g r o wi n g (weak)day by day.Since he was unable to look af t er(him),he decided to hire(雇 佣)a nurse totake care him.One day,the old man interviewed two(nurse)Anthony and Peter.Anthony wasa handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary.The old man asked Anthony to maketea for him.After Anthony left,the old man turned to Peter and said,Anthony has(give)me a very bad account of you.He said you are rude and untrustworthy.Is thiscorrect?Peter thought for a minute and said,Anthony has a bad opinion of me,there mustbe something wrong with me.I should take some time to change these things.The old man was very impressed by Peters words.At the same time,Anthony came back withcup of tea for the old man.The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him.He then returned to Anthony and told him.Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were g o n e.d o you think about this?Afterhearing this,Anthony s h o u t e d (angry).In the end,Pet er (choose).Peter looked quite common,but he had impressiveinner beauty.【答案】weaker；himself；of；nurses；given；If；a；What；angrily；was chosen【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时，故意挑起对方的矛盾，通过两人截然不同的反应，从而判断谁适合。(1)句意：他一天比一天虚弱。weak是形容词，形容词修饰系动词gro w,根 据 day byday可知是比较级w eaker,故填weaker。(2)句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。look after oneself,照顾自己,主语是h e,故反身代词是him self,故填himself。(3)句意：因为他不能照顾自己，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。take care o f,固定搭配，照顾，故填。f。(4)句意：一天，老人面试两个护士-Anthony and Peter。two后是可数名词复习，nurse,是可数名词，故填nurses。(5)句意：安东尼对你的评价很差。根据助动词h as可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，give的过去分词是given,故填given。(6)句意：如果安东尼对我有看法，我一定有什么问题。此处是条件状语从句，故是引导词i f,如 果,故 填 忆(7)句意：同时，安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。cup是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a 表示泛指，a cup o f,固定搭配，一杯.，故填a。(8)句意：你对此怎么想？此处是特殊疑问句，think后缺少宾语，故 用 w hat提问，故填 Whato(9)句意：听到这，安东尼生气地大喊。副词修饰动词shouted,angrily,是副词，生气地，故填angrily。(1 0)句意：最后，Peter被录用。根 据 Peter looked quite common,可知时态是一般过去时，choose与 主 语 Peter是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词是was,choose的过去分词是chosen,故填was chosen。【点评】考查语法填空，注意调整词性，时态，主谓一致和名词的数等。4.用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。I used to be strongly against telling lies.I cant stand(忍 受)l i es.,a white liechanged my idea.Several days ago,I invited some f r i ends (get)together at a bar to celebrate mybirthday.They promised to meet at 5 p.m.When that day came,I got to barearly.To my disappointment(失 M),only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m.Did they forget mybirthday?I had to keep(wait)for them.Most of them said that they werethe way while some said they were still at home.I realized that they wouldnt come on time.At 5p.m.,t her e(be)just three people with me.I sat on my chai r(happy).How could they do this to me?They didnt care about me!I got so angry that I decided to leave.But just at that moment,a group of my(friend)came into the room with a big cakein their hands,singing Happy birthday to you.I was so(surprise).Ever since then,Ididnt hate telling white lies anymore.【答案】However；to get；me；the；waiting；on；were；unhappily；friends；surprised【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎，无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。(1)句意：然而，一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说：我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法，说明出现了转折，这里不是并列句，位于句首逗号前，用 however,但是，故填However。(2)句意：几天前，我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do意为 邀请某人做 ,故填to get。(3)句意：他们答应在下午5 点见我。他们是要来赴约见我，动 词 meet后加人称代词宾格做宾语，我，m e是宾格，故填me。(4)句意：那天到了，我早早到了酒吧。名 词 bar意为 酒吧，这里是特指，表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧，用定冠词th e,故填the。(5)句意:我不得不一直等他们。keep doing,一直做 ,w a it,动词,等待，动名词是w aiting,故填 waiting。(6)句意：他们中的大多数人说他们在路上，而有些人说他们还在家里。on the w a y,在路上，表示他们还没到，还在路上，故填。n。(7)句意：下 午 5 点，只有三个人和我在一起。这 是 there b e 句型，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，最近的主语是people,对应的be动词是w ere,故填were。(8)句意：我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心，根 据 How could they dothis to m e?可知是不开心，副 词 修 饰 动 词 sat,unhappily,是副词，不开心地，故填unhappily。(9)句意：但就在那一刻，我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间，唱着 祝你生日快乐o a group of修饰可数名词复数，故填friends。(1 0)句意：我是如此的惊讶。这里是在b e 动词后加形容词表示状态，形 容 词 surprised意为 惊讶的，故填surprisedo【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。5.阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Dear readers,Once,I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire.I still remember how fast it made my heartbeat,it was a small fire.I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put itout(q u ick).Firefighters help in all kinds of sudden serious and(danger)events or situations.Isaw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes whi l e(watch)the newstoday.Often,they are the first helpers when accident happens.Some firefighters trainto help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes.To prepare for real-life rescue like this one,theymust practice putting ice suits,working with ropes,and using hand signals tocommunicate.If you want to learn more about t hes e(/breiv/)men and women,readthe articleDanger!Rescue on Thin Ice.Where would we be without the first helpers?Maybe you l l (/d33iun/)me thismonth in finding a way to thank them.Giving a card,a drawing,or a plate of cookies to your localfi re(/steifn/)could be the start of a new tradition for your families andour(hero)will be thankful for it.Happy holidays!Your friend,Christine【答案】though/although；quickly；dangerous；watching；an；on；brave；join；station；heroes【解析】【分析】(1)句意：我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快，尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折，故填though/although。(2)句意：当消防员迅速扑灭时，我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组puto u t,应用副词，quick的副词quickly。故填quickly。(3)句意：消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名 词 events orsituations事件或情况前用形容词，danger的形容词dangerous,故填dangerous。(4)句意：我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新闻。固定搭配while doing当做某事的时候，watch的现在分词watching,故填watching。(5)句意：当事故发生时，他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用a/an,a 用在辅音读音开头的的单词前，an用在元音读音开头的的单词前；故填an。(6)句意：他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配，put o n,穿上，故填on。(7)句意：如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人，读这篇文章。根 据 音 标/breiv/可知是brave勇敢的，故填brave。(8)句意：也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标/d33iun/可知应是jo in,加入，故填join o(9)句意：送一张卡片，一张画，或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。根据音标/steifn/,可 知 是 station,站，故填station。(1 0)句意：我们的英雄会感激它的。根 据 上 文 helpers是复数，他们是英雄，hero的复数是 heroes,故填 heroes。【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。6.根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village.It was the(one)day of her schoolin town.W seeing her simple clothing and knowing her identity(身 份)，otherstudents laughed at Ann.Then the teacher told everyone to write d the 8 wonders ofthe world.Everyone except Anna handed in(they)answer papers.The teachercame to her,Dont worry.Just wr i t e.y o u have known.Anna replied There are somany(thing)Which 8 wonders can I pick to write?Most students answered (correct)-the Great Green Wall of China,the GreatPyramid of Giza,the Leaning Tower of Paris.Finally the t e a c h e r (start)readingAnnas answer;The 8 wonders:To be able to see.To be able to Hear,To Feel,Laugh,Think,BeKind,Love and Learn!The whole class kept(silence).The girl from a small village reminded them the precious(宝 贵)gift in their life,which were true wonders.【答案】first；When；down；their；What；things；correctly；started；silent；of【解析】【分析】文章大意：课上老师让学生写出世界上的八大奇迹，一个来自农村的小女孩的答案与众不同，他的答案提醒了我们生活中真正的礼物是什么。那才是真正的奇迹。(1)句意：这是她在镇上上学的第一天。根据the可知应会使用序数词，one的序数词为first,故答案是first。(2)句意：当看到她简单的服装并且知道她的身份时，其他同学就嘲笑她。根据两个句子的意思可知，该句是一个时间状语从句，根据首字母w 可知应会使用w h en,故答案是When。(3)句意：老师然每个人写下世界上的八大奇迹。write dow n固定短语，记下，写下，故答案是downo(4)句意：除了安娜每个人都把他们的答卷交上去了。th ey在这里作定语修饰answerpapers,因此应使用形容词性物主代词th e ir,故答案是their。(5)句意：就写你所知道的。句子为宾语从句空缺处作从句的宾语，应使用从属连词w h a t,故答案是whato(6)句意：安娜回答到：有那么多的东西，我从中选八个吗？根 据 many可 知 thing应使用复数形式things,故答案是things。(7)句意：大多数同学回答正确。correct在这里修饰动词answered,应使用副词形式，correct的副词形式为correctly,故答案是correctly。(8)句意：最后，老师开始看安娜的答案。本文的基本时态是一般过去式，在这里应使用 start的过去式started,故答案是started0(9)句意：全班都保持沉默。kept在这里是连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，因此将silence 改为 sile n t,故答案是 silento(1 0)句意：这个来自乡村的小女孩提醒我们生活中宝贵的礼物，那才是真正的奇迹。remind o f提醒，固定搭配，故答案是of。【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。7.阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing-sleeping.Every year,there is a dayfor people around the world to celebrate the(important)of good and healthysleep-World Sleep Day.Sleep is like food for the brain.Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop.People of different ages need different amounts of sleep.It is said that eight hours per night(consider)the average amount of sleep.For students aged 10 to 17,a healthyamount is about eight to nine hours per night.However,last year;the China Youth and ChildrenResearch Center (report)that about four (five)of middle schoolstudents didnt get enough sleep.For some students,they want to sleep early,but they keep(worry)about their schoolwork and cant fall(sleep)quickly.A lack(缺乏)of sleep can greatly affect(影响)a persons life.Students who dont get enoughsleep may get poor grades.They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.(solve)this kind of problem,scientists advise that students should have(little)schoolwork and more time to sleep.There are some other ways to help people getenough sleep,such as(take)a 20-minute nap(午 睡)during the day,trying to goto sleep earlier and so on.Good sleeping habits are al so(help).For example,try togo to sleep and wake up at the same time every day,even on weekends and during the day.【答 案】importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；Tosolve；less；taking；helpful【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文，讲述了睡眠与健康的关系，不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间，中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。(1)句意：每年，世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性一一世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词th e,可知此处应填入一个名词，important是形容词重要的，与其对应的名词是importance重要，故答案填importance。(2)句意：据 说 每 晚 8 小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知 主 语 eighthours与动词consider之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，文章时态为一般现在时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，所 以 b e 动词用is,consider的过去分词是considered,故答案填 is considered o(3)句意:然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由 last year可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report的过去式为reported,故答案填reported0(4)句意：大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法，在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子，用序数词表示分数的分母；当分子大于1 时，分母要用复数形式，所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifth s,故答案填fifthso(5)句意：对于一些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keepdoing sth.或 者 keep+形容词，都表示“使 处于某种状态,w orried,是形容词,故答案填worrying/worried o(6)句意：他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境，结合提示词可知此处句意为他们不能很快入睡。入睡fall asleep,固定词组，前面有情态动词c a n t,所以这里用动词原形，故答案填 asleep.,(7)句意：为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故答案填T。solve。(8)句意:科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是作更少的功课，句中暗含比较级，little的比较级为le ss,故答案填less。(9)句意：比如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“比如，a s是介词后接动词ing形式，故答案填takingo(1 0)句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前 面 有 系 动 词 a r e,后接形容词作表语，help 帮 助 ，动词，与其对应的形容词是helpful有帮助的、有益的，故答案填helpful。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。8.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。At about thirteen years old,I felt very lonely.I didnt like my classmates,my parents or anyoneelse.My classmates didnt want to talk me and my parents were always saying thatother kids wer e(good)than me.I thought I was the(luck)person inthe world.One day I had a big fight with one of my classmates.I was so angry I hit him in theface.Just at that moment,a boy stood up and(stop)the fight.He was the monitorof our class.After that,he often helped me and we became good (frien d).Whenever I got angry or sad,he would hel p(I)to cool down.My life began tochange because of the boy,my best friend.We spent a lot of interesting days together.time goes by,I have become happier with people and things.And people around me have(change)，too.My parents dont shout at m e more an