BasicStatistics&UseofMinitab英文(ppt 61页).pptx

Basic Statistics&Use of Minitabn n Belton Groupn n Rex Wong Rex WongStatisticsStatistics is the branch of science that deals with is the branch of science that deals with the the collectioncollection,presentationpresentation,analysisanalysis&interpretation interpretation of data for the purpose of of data for the purpose of decision-decision-makingmaking and and problem-solving.problem-solving.Statistics is a critical skill in quality improvement as Statistics is a critical skill in quality improvement as statistical techniques can be used to describe and statistical techniques can be used to describe and to understand to understand variabilityvariability.Variabilityn nVariability is the result of changes in the Variability is the result of changes in the conditions under which observations are made.conditions under which observations are made.n nVariability can come about due to changes inVariability can come about due to changes inn n material quality material qualityn n machine settings or conditions machine settings or conditionsn n manpower standards manpower standardsn n methods of processing methods of processingn n measurement measurementn n milieu(environment)milieu(environment)Population&Samplep p Population Populationp p the entire set of measurements of interest the entire set of measurements of interestp p Sample Samplep p a subset of data from the population a subset of data from the populationp p Parameters Parametersp p numerical measures of a population numerical measures of a populationp p Statistics Statisticsp p numerical measures of a sample numerical measures of a sample