Um空中接口流程及问题分析97031334iob.pptx
Um空中接口流程及问题分析空中接口流程及问题分析Presentation Title 2All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell主要内容主要内容:空中接口的主要流程介绍DT测试中空中接口常见问题流程分析未接通掉话Presentation Title 3All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell空中接口各流程及问题分析空中接口各流程及问题分析Presentation Title 4All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立流程MSBTSBSCMSCChannel RequestChannel RequiredChannel ActivationSDCCHChannel Act AckImmediate AssignmentCommandUI Imm AssignmentST9103ET9103ST3126ET3126ST3101SABM L3 InfoEst Ind L3 InfoSCCP Con Rqrd L3SCCP Conn ConfirmET3101ST9105ET9105UA L3 InfoPresentation Title 5All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立流程Presentation Title 6All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立流程Presentation Title 7All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题:手机上发channel request无后续的immediate assignment消息的情况 RACH信道冲突 移动台启动立即指配过程开始到第一个信道请求消息发送之间的时隙数(不包括发送消息的时隙)是一个随机数。这个随机数是属于集合0,1,MAX(T,8)1中的一个元素。移动台每次启动立即指配过程时,按均匀分布概率从上述集合中取数;任意两次相邻的信道请求消息之间间隔的时隙数(不包括消息发送的时隙)由移动台以均匀分布概率方式从集合S,S1,ST1中取出。Presentation Title 8All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题其中T值为Tx-integer,小区参数,在BCCH信道上广播;S值是根据CCCH信道的配置和T值计算得到,在BCCH信道上周期发送。由上可见,在RACH上发送信道请求,不可避免的会有冲突现象,导致发生channel request无响应的情况。Presentation Title 9All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题Channel request上发后收到immediate assignment reject消息小区SDCCH拥塞Presentation Title 10All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题手机在上发信道请求后,由于SDCCH拥塞,无法激活SDCCH信道,拥塞后BSC下发Immediate assignment reject消息给手机(EN_IMM_AS_REJ开启),手机在收到该消息时间T3122后会重新发起请求,该等待时间可在OMC中设置。各呼叫原因对应不同的计数器值:WI_OP、WI_OC、WI_EC、WI_CR,即当SDCCH信道激活不成功,间作再次呼叫请求间将等待上述相应时间;EN_IMM_AS_REJ关闭是不会下发该消息;当被叫原因answer to paging的信道请求时不发Immediate assignment reject消息;手机最大的重发次数由参数max_retans定义。Presentation Title 11All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题04年CMCC测试规范:试呼次数:以channel request和CM service request同时出现来确定试呼开始。主叫手机SDCCH拥塞对接通率考核无影响,但被叫手机在max_retans1次数后仍未分配成功将影响接通率。Presentation Title 12All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题手机上发业务请求无成功消息手机SABM上发送相应的业务请求(如主叫、被叫、位置更新等)BSC收到EST IND消息后,BSS会在MSC的消息中加了一些信息(如服务小区信息等),通过COMPLETE LAYER3发送给MSC,正常流程MSC会回连接确认CC(connect fonfirm)的消息。MSMSBTSBTSBSCBSCBSCBSCMSCMSCPresentation Title 13All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell无线链路建立阶段DT测试中常见问题交换侧问题将导致BSC发向MSC的CR(connect request)不能收到相应的CC(connect confirm)消息。DT测试中较常见的是主叫手机发送CM service request消息无相应的accept消息。通常可A口信令跟踪确定CR/CC的比率是否正常,如果数值相差过大,一般为交换侧模块故障所引起。Presentation Title 14All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell鉴权、身份识别、加密、TMSI重新分配流程MSBTSBSCMSCAuthentification ReqCiphering Mode CmdAuthentification ReqAuthentification ReqAuthentification RespAuthentification RespAuthentification RespEncryption CommandCiphering Mode CmdCiphering Mode CmpCiphering Mode CmpCiphering Mode CmpTMSI Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmdTMSI Realloc CmpTMSI Realloc CmpTMSI Realloc CmpAuthentificationCipheringTMSI ReallocST3260ET3260*Authentification Reject*IdentificationIdentification RequestST3270ET3270Identification RequestIdentification RequestIdentification ResponseIdentification RespIdentification ResponseST3250ET3250(SRES)RANDRAND与与KiKi经过经过A3A3算法算法得到得到SRESSRES;经过经过A8A8算算法得到法得到KcKc(IMSI)比较比较SRESSRESVLRVLR从从HLRHLR处得处得到到RAND/SRRAND/SRES/KcES/Kc(TMSI)(Permitted Alg,Kc)(Alg(A5算法)算法)开始加开始加密发射密发射和解密和解密接收接收已加密的消息已加密的消息如正确解密接收,则下条如正确解密接收,则下条消息加密发射消息加密发射(Alg,Kc)准备解密接收准备解密接收Presentation Title 15All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配过程MSBTSBSCMSCChannel Activation TCHSABM(FACCH)Channel Activation Ack.Assignment CommandAssignment CommandAssignement RequestPhysical Context RequestPhysical Context ConfirmRelease Req(SDCCH)Establish IndicationUAAssignment CompleteAssignment CompleteAssignment CmpRF Channel Release(SD)RF Channel Release Ack.ST10ET10ST9108ET9108ST9103ET9103ST3107ET3107Presentation Title 16All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配过程Presentation Title 17All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配阶段DT测试中常见问题TCH分配阶段DT测试中常见问题:在call proceeding或call confirmed后无assignment command消息TCH拥塞情况遇到TCH拥塞的情况时,系统将启用排队功能时,会同时启动定时器T11,在该定时器超时前,若有TCH被释放,则系统会将该TCH指配给队列中的这次呼叫,并清除该定时器。若到定时器超时时,依然没有可用的TCH资源,则系统将队列中的此次请求清除,并发送clear request给MSC,直接释放资源。Presentation Title 18All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配阶段DT测试中常见问题在call proceding或call confirmed后手机上发assignment failure消息无线原因手机收到Assignment Command后,在新信道上发SABM消息,BTS收到后向手机发UA消息。但可能由于空中接口原因,手机没有收到UA消息。手机尝试未成功;手机将会回到原来的信道。并发送Assignment Failure消息;BSC收到该消息后在A接口发Assignment Failure Reversion to Old Channel“;BSC向BTS发RF Channel Release消息,释放新信道Presentation Title 19All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配阶段DT测试中常见问题MSBTSBSCMSCSABM(FACCH)Assignment CommandAssignment CommandRelease Req(SDCCH)Establish IndicationUAAssignment failureAssignment failureAssignment failureRF Channel Release(SD)RF Channel Release Ack.ST3107ET3107Reversion to Old Channel无线原因导致的TCH分配失败Presentation Title 20All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellTCH分配阶段DT测试中常见问题硬件问题手机发现Assignment Command消息中内容有误,手机发Assignment Failure消息到BSC。Presentation Title 21All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程MSBTSBSCMSCClear CMDESTIN(Loc Up Req)RR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureLoc Up AcceptChannel ReleaseDeactivate SACCHDISCRelease IndicationUARF Ch ReleaseLoc Up ReqLoc Up AcceptLoc Up AcceptChannel ReleaseRF Ch Release AckClear CMPST3210ET3210Presentation Title 22All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程Presentation Title 23All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程DT测试中常见问题位置更新流程DT测试中常见问题:主叫手机:重选后,来不及做Location Update,就开始呼叫,收到CM Service Reject。主叫手机进行跨MSC的小区重选后(不同的MSC/VLR),还未来的及进行位置更新,这时手机进行呼叫过程。由于手机已经更新到新的LAC,但未进行位置更新过程,因此还没有进行TMSI重新分配的过程,因此手机TMSI号码是原MSC的VLR分配的,在新的VLR中是查询不到该TMSI号。此时网络将启动Identity过程,发送Identity reuqest消息给手机,手机在Identity response 消息中将上发手机的IMSI号,根据该IMSI号,MSC再次在VLR中进行查询,由于该IMSI号也是未登记的,所以同样也是查询不到的,至此网络侧认为手机是不支持该业务类型,发CM service reject,cause为IMSI Unknown In VLR,呼叫失败。;如重选前后的小区属于同一MSC/VLR,所以MSC仍可通过TMSI查询到此手机的支持业务等。如此,呼叫流程正常进行,不会受到LU的影响。Presentation Title 24All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程DT测试中常见问题主叫手机呼叫,被叫手机正在位置更新,造成呼叫失败正常流程:在主叫TCH 分配成功后,主叫手机所在的MSC会从HLR中取得动态漫游号MSRN,定位被叫手机所在的MSC和相关联的VLR,从中取得被叫手机相关的TMSI和所在的LAC信息,然后下发paging消息(消息中包含TMSI信息)到该LAC下所在的所有BSC,进行被叫无线链路的建立过程。Presentation Title 25All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程DT测试中常见问题呼叫时被叫手机正在位置更新流程:当被叫手机,重选到不同的LAC,正在进行位置更新时,主叫手机呼叫时有2种可能的情况:被叫手机位置更新信息在HLR中还没有更新这时主叫手机在HLR中查询的被叫手机的动态漫游号MSRN还是原来的LAC下所对应的信息,因此通过该号码从原来MSC关联VLR取得TMSI和LAC信息,并下发paging消息至该LAC下所有的BSC,由于手机已经重选到其它LAC的BSC下,因此paging消息不能发送到被叫手机,MSC不能收到手机的response消息,呼叫流程结束;被叫手机位置更新流程时HLR中数据已经更新这时从HLR中取得的MSRN号,查询到手机新LAC所应的VLR,但由于此时手机正在进行位置更新的流程,VLR显示手机为忙碌状态,因此不会在paging被叫手机,呼叫流程结束。Presentation Title 26All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell位置更新流程DT测试中常见问题 在DT测试中位置更新随机性对接通率有较大的影响,减少该情况的发生应避免手机在LAC区来回的小区重选,保证在跨LAC区有两个较强的信号,经过更新区域时只小区重选一次,一次位置更新,应对一些市区中一些频繁位置更新区域的附近的小区俯仰角进行了调整;对一些主占小区的CRH进行调整,使经过是占用更为稳定;对于一些处于位置交界交通要道、十字路口等信号杂乱的区域,进行LAC区的重新划分,使尽量在道路上避开跨LAC区。Presentation Title 27All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell主叫流程MSBTSBSCMSCCall ProceedingESTIN(CM_Serv_Req)RR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureSETUPSETUPSETUPCall ProceedingCall ProceedingAssignment ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAlertingAlertingAlertingConnectConnectConnectConnect Ack.Connect Ack.Connect Ack.SpeechCM_Serv_ReqPresentation Title 28All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell被叫流程MSBTSBSCMSCCall ConfirmedESTIN(Paging Resp)RR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementRR Connection EstablishementAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureAuthentification ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureCiphering ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureTMSI Realloc ProcedureSETUPSETUPSETUPCall ConfirmedCall ConfirmedAssignment ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAssignment ProcedureAlertingAlertingAlertingConnectConnectConnectConnect Ack.Connect Ack.Connect Ack.SpeechPaging ResponsePagingPaging CommandPaging RequestST3113ET3113Presentation Title 29All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellPresentation Title 30All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell呼叫流程DT测试中常见问题呼叫流程DT测试中常见问题:流程消息的缺失造成的未接通无线环境较差的情况下,无线接口消息不能正常收发;呼叫流程中主叫侧正常而被叫没有响应paging的的信道请求,或没有收到下发setup消息等;被叫正常,主叫分配TCH后不能收到alerting消息等;对于无线环境良好,BSC下消息缺失的严重的情况需通过信令跟踪查找原因。Presentation Title 31All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell呼叫流程DT测试中常见问题通话过程中的掉话无线环境差造成的无线链路掉话由于无线原因(接收电平低、频率干扰、上下行路径损耗差)造成手机与基站之间不能正常收发消息。基站侧无线链路计数器超时,基站侧有一计数器S,该计数器在通话开始时被赋予一个初值,即参数“基站无线链路超时”的值。若每次基站在应该收到SACCH的时刻无法译出一个正确的SACCH消息时,S减1。反之,基站每接收到一正确的SACCH消息时,S加2,但S不可以超过参数基站无线链路超时的值。当S计到0时,基站认为无线链路故障;超时后基站发connection failure(radio link failure)给BSC,BSC发clear request消息给MSC释放CC层;BSC侧RF channel release释放无线信道。Presentation Title 32All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell呼叫流程DT测试中常见问题网络侧原因造成的掉话通话过程中收到网络侧下发的disconnect消息。Presentation Title 33All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellMSBTSBSCMSCDisconnectDisconnectDisconnectReleaseReleaseReleaseRelease CompleteRelease CompleteRelease Complete手机触发的呼叫释放DisconnectDisconnectDisconnectReleaseReleaseReleaseRelease CompleteRelease CompleteRelease Complete网络触发的呼叫释放呼叫释放过程Presentation Title 34All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai BellMSBTSBSCMSCDISC(DCH)Channel Release(DCH)Deactivate SACCHRelease IndicationUAPhy Context RequestPhy Context ConfirmRF Channel ReleaseRF Channel Release AckET3110ST3110ST3111T3111 ExpiryST9108ET9108ST_RCR_ACKET_RCR_ACKBSC发Channel Release消息到手机No SACCH received from the MSConnection Fail IndRF Channel ReleaseRF Channel Release AckST_RCR_ACKET_RCR_ACK无线链路失败情况信道释放过程Presentation Title 36All rights reserved 2003,Alcatel Shanghai Bell演讲完毕,谢谢观看!