现代大学英语2unit.ppt

I.Word Study II.Phrases and ExpressionsIII.Background InformationWordStudy1.appal9.shriek2.astound10.smash3.contemptuous11.split4.disgusted12.stiffen5.genuine13.swallow6.guarded14.sweep7.Impulsive15.tube8.shove16.define廉兰敏高轶曼1.appalv.toshocksb.verymucheg.Theideaofsharingaroomappalledher.Itappalledmethattheycouldsimplyignoretheproblem.appalledadjappalledexpression/silenceappallingadjappallinglyadvappallinglybad极差2.astoundv.tosurpriseorshocksbverymucheg.Shewasastoundedbyhisarrogance.astoundedadjIwasastoundedtoseeherappearfromhouse.shelookedastoundedatnews.thedoctorwereastounded(that)hesurvived.astoundingadjastoundinglyadv3.contemptuousa.（ofsb/sth)feelingorshowingthatyouhavenorespectforsb/stheg.Shegavehimacontemptuouslook.HewascontemptuousofeverythingIdid.contemptuouslyadvtolaughcontemptuouslySYN:scornful4.disgusteda.(at/by/withsb/sth/yourself)feelingorshowingdigusteg.Iwasdisgustedat/bysight.Iwasdisgustedwithmyselfforeatingsomuch.disgustedlyadv.5.genuineadj.a.real;exactlywhatitappearstobe；notartificalb.sincereandhonest;thatcanbetrustedeg.IsthepaintingagenuinePicasso?genuineconcernforothersaverygenuinepersongenuinelyadvgenuinelysorrygenuinenessn6.guardedadj.(ofapersonoraremarktheymake)careful;notshowingfeelingsorgivingmuchinformationeg.Youshouldbemoreguardedinwhatyousaytoreporters.Theygavethenewsaguardedwelcome.他们对这消息表示谨慎的欢迎。SYN:coutious7.impulsiveadj.(ofpeopleortheirbehavior)actingsuddenlywithoutthinkingcarefullyaboutwhatmighthappenbecauseofwhatyouaredoingeg.animpulsivedecision/gestureHehasanimpulsivenature.SYN:impetuousImpulsivelyadvimpulsiveness/impulsen8.shovev.a.topushsb./sth.inaroughwayb.toputsth.somewhereroughlyorcarelesslyeg.Heshovedherdownthestairs.Sheshovedthebookintoherbagandhurriedoff.shoveoff滚开，滚shoveup挪出空位9.shriekv.togivealoudhighshout,forexamplewhenyouareexcited,frightenedorinpain.eg.Theaudiencewasshriekingwithlaughter.Shewasshriekingabuseatthemastheycarriedheroff.SYN:scream10.smashv.a.tobreaksthortobebroken,violentlyandnoiselyintomanypiecesb.tomovewithalotofforceagainststhsolid;tomakesthdothisc.tohitsthveryhardandbreakit,inordertogetthroughiteg.Severalwindowshadbeensmashed.Thecarsmashedintoatree.Theyhadtosmashholesintheice.smashsthdownsmashsthinsmashsthup（用力）击倒，打翻(用力）打破，撞坏(蓄意）捣毁，破坏11.splitv.a.todivide,ortomakeagroupofpeopledivide,intosmallergroupsthathaveverydifferentopinions分裂，使分裂（成不同派别）b.(sth)(intosth)todivide,ortomakesthdivide,intotwoormoreparts分开（几个部分）c.tocutsbsskinandmakeitbleedeg.Adebatethathassplitthecountrydownthemiddle.Shespittheclassintogroupoffour.Howdidyousplityourlip?splitdifferencesplithairssplityoursides(laughing/withlaughter)splitaway/offspliton/tosbsplitup(withsb)（讲价等）各让一步，折中在细节上过分纠纷笑破肚皮，笑弯腰脱离，分裂出去，分离告发，揭发断绝关系，分手12.stiffenv.a.tomakeyourselforpartofyourbodyfirm,straightandstill,especiallybecauseyouareangryorfrightenedb.tomakesth.becomedifficulttobendormovec.tomakeanattitudeorideastrongerormorepowerful;tobecomestrongereg.Shestiffenedwithfear.stiffenedmusclesThethreatofpunishmenthasonlystiffenedtheirresolve.13.swallowv.a.tomakefood,drink,etc,godownyourthroatintoyourstomachb.totakesb./sth.inorcompletelycoveritsothattheycannotbeseenornolongerexistseparatelyeg.Thepillsshouldbeswallowedwhole.Largeareasofcountrysidehavebeenswallowedupbytowns.n.asmallbirdwithlongpointedwings,thatspendsthewinterinAfricabutfliestonortherncountriesforsummereg.Oneswallowdoesntmakeasummer.一燕不成夏swallowdive燕式跳水14.sweepv.a.tocleanaroom,surface,etc.useingabrusheg.Theshowroomhadbeenemptiedandsweptclean.b.tomoveorpushsb.orsth.suddenlyandwithalotofforceTheboatwassweptouttothesea.c.(weather,fire,news)movequicklyorspreadquickly.Strongwindsregularlysweeptheislandd.tomoveoveranarea,especiallyinordertolookforsth.Hiseyessweptaroundtheroom.sweeptheboardsweepsb.offtheirfeetsweeptovictorysweepsth.asidesweepsb.up(在比赛中)囊括所有奖项使某人对自己一见倾心轻易获胜对置之不理一把抱起某人15.tuben.a.alonghollowpipemadeofmetal,plastic,rubber,etc.throughwhichliquidsorgasesmovefromoneplacetoanother.管，管子eg.abikesinnertube自行车内胎b.alongnarrowcontainermadeofsoftmetalorplastic,withalid,usedforholdingthickliquidsthatcanbesqueezedoutofit.软管atubeoftoothpast一管牙膏c.apartinsidethebodythatisshapedlikeatubeandthroughwhichair,liquid,etc.管状器官bronchialtubes支气管16.definev.a.tosayorexplainwhatthemeaningofaworldorphraseisb.todescribeorshowsth.accuratelyc.toshowclearlyaline,shapeoredgeeg.Theterm“mentalillness”isdifficulttodefine.Thedifficultyofaproblemwasdefinedintermsofhowlongittooktocomplete.Themountainwassharplydefinedagainstthesky.PhrasesList:1.pickup2.beuptosb3.hangup4.achillof5.sweepacross/over6.provetobe7.beworkedup8.makesense9.careto10.in/underthecircumstances王新娜毕甜甜1.pickupa.totakeholdofsb/sthandleftthem/itup拿起、举起、提起b.togetbetter,stronger,etc;toimprove好转，增强；改善eg：Shewentovertothecryingchildandpickedherup.她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。Tradeusuallypicksupinthespring.贸易一般在春天回升。c.tostartagain;tocontinue重新开始；继续d.tobuysth,especiallycheaplyorbychance（廉价或碰巧买到）e.tonoticesthandperhapsreacttoit领略；意会；意识到eg:Letuspickupwhereweleftoffyesterday.咱们从昨天停下的地方继续吧。Wemanagedtopickupafewbargainsattheauction.我们从拍卖场买到了几件便宜货。Shefailedtopickuponthehumourinhisremark.她没有领悟他话中的幽默。2.beuptosbtobesbsdutyorresponsibility;tobeforsbtodecide是的职责或责任；由决定eg:Itisnotuptoyoutotellmehowtodomyjob.还轮不到你告诉我怎么做我的事。3.hangupa.toendatelephonecoversationbyputtingthetelephonereceiverdownorswitchingthetelephoneoff挂断电话b.tofinishusingsthforthelasttime终止使用某物eg:AfterIhungupIrememberedwhatIdwantedtosay.我挂断电话之后才想起来原本想说的话。Ruthhashungupherdancingshoes.鲁斯已挂起舞鞋退出舞台了。4.achillofafeelingoffearachilloffear/apprehension一阵害怕，恐惧chillouttorelaxandstopfeelingangryornervousaboutsth放松；冷静；镇静eg:Theysometimesmeetuptochilloutandwatchamovie.他们有时聚在一起，看场电影放松一下。5.sweepacross/overoffeelingstosuddenlyaffectsbstrongly突然袭来eg:Awaveoftirednesssweptacross/overher.她感到浑身疲惫。6.provetobeifsthprovesdangerous,expensive,etc,orifitprovestobedangerous,etc,youdiscoverthatitisdangerous,etc,overaperiodoftime后来被发现是，最终显现为syn:turnouteg:Thepromotionprovedtobeaturningpointinhiscareer.这次提升最后证明是他职业生涯的一个转折点。7.beworkedupveryexcitedorupsetaboutsth异常兴奋，十分生气eg:Thereisnopointingettingworkedupaboutit.为此大发脾气也无济于事。workuptosthtodevelopmoregraduallytowardssth,ussuallysthmoreexcitingorextreme逐步发展到，逐渐达到（更高或更深的程度）Themusicworkeduptoarousingfinale.乐曲渐变到一个激动人心的末乐章。8.makesensea.tohaveameaningthatyoucaneasilyunderstand有道理，有意义，讲得通b.tobeasensiblethingtodo是明智的，是合乎情理的c.tobeeasytounderstandorexplain易于理解，道理明显eg:Thissentencedoesnotmakesense.这个句子不通。Itmakessensetobuythemostup-to-dateversion.买最新的版本是明智的。Johnwasnotmakingmuchsenseonthephone.约翰在电话上说得不大清楚。makesenseofsthtounderstandsththatisdifficultorhasnoclearmeaning理解，弄懂（不易理解的事物）9.caretotomaketheefforttodosth努力做eg：IhavedonethisjobmoretimesthanIcaretoremember.这事我都记不清做了多少遍了。wouldyoucarefor/tousedtoasksbpolitelyiftheywouldlikesthorwouldliketodosth,oriftheywouldbewillingtodosth(礼貌问语)您喜欢您愿意您要eg:Wouldyoucareforanotherdrink?您要再来一杯吗？Ifyouwouldcaretofollowme,Iwillshowyouwherehisofficeis.如果您愿意跟我走，我会把您领到他的办公室去。careforsb/stha.tolookaftersbwhoissick,veryold,veryyoung,etc照顾，照料（病、老、幼者等）syn:takecareofb.toloveorlikesbverymuch深深地爱，非常喜欢eg：Shemovedbackhometocareforherelderlyparents.她搬回家住，以便照顾年迈的双亲。Hecaredforhermorethansherealized.她不知道他是多么在乎她。10.in/underthecircumstancesusedbeforeorafterastatementtoshowthatyouhavethoughtabouttheconditionsthataffectasituationbeforemakingadecisionorastatement在这种情况下，既然如此eg:Underthecircumstances,itseemedbetternottotellhimabouttheaccident.在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。in/undernocircumstancesusedtoemphasizethatsthshouldneverhappenorbeallowed绝不，无论如何不eg:UndernocircumstancesshouldyoulendPaulanymoney.你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。BackgroudTheauthorsoutlinePersonallifeBibliographyRichardBurtonMatheson(bornFebruary20,1926)isanAmericanauthorandscreenwriter,primarilyinthefantasy,horror,andsciencefictiongenres.HeisperhapsbestknownastheauthorofWhatDreamsMayComeandIAmLegend,bothofwhichhavebeenadaptedasmajormotionpictures.Personal lifeMathesonwasborninAllendale,NewJersey,thesonofNorwegianimmigrantsFanny(neMathieson)andBertolfMatheson,atilefloorinstaller.1MathesonwasraisedinBrooklynandgraduatedfromBrooklynTechnicalHighSchoolin1943.HethenenteredthemilitaryandspentWorldWarIIasaninfantrysoldier.Personal lifeIn1949heearnedhisbachelorsdegreeinthjournalismfromeUniversityofMissouriandmovedtoCaliforniain1951.Hemarriedin1952andhasfourchildren,threeofwhom(Chris,RichardChristian,andAliMatheson)arewritersoffictionandscreenplays.BibliographyNovelsIAmLegend(1954)filmedasTheLastManonEarth,TheOmegaMan&IAmLegendTheShrinkingMan(1956);filmedasTheIncredibleShrinkingManandsubsequentlyreprintedunderthattitle;alsothebasisofthefilmTheIncredibleShrinkingWomanHellHouse(novel)(1971);filmedasTheLegendofHellHouse7StepstoMidnight(1993)Short story collections:BornofManandWoman(1954)Shock!(1961)Shock2(1964)Shock3(1966)ShockWaves(1970)PublishedasShock4intheUK(1980)Button,Button(1970)adaptedasaTwilightZoneepisode(1986)currentlybeingfilmedasTheBoxBytheGun(1993)Button,Button:UncannyStories(2008)(TorBooks)TelevisionStarTrekTheOriginalSeries:TheEnemyWithin(1966)TheMartianChroniclesMini-Series:(1979,1980)NonfictionThePath:Metaphysicsforthe90s(1993)Additional readingCaliforniaSorcery,editedbyWilliamF.NolanandWilliamSchafer 孙杨