it常考考点例题分析与知识点总结下讲义高考英语语法二轮复习专题.docx

高中英语语法 高考二轮复习it考点讲义【精讲版】it常考考点例题分析与知识点总结（下）it何时可以指人 a. Jim is at the door. _ wants to see you.b. Someone is at the door. _ must be Jim.A. That，It                        B. It，He                        C. He，It                        D. Who，He分析此题应选C。第a. 句填代词 he，是因为前面一句用了Jim这一身份和性别都很明确的名词；第b. 句填代词it，是因为前面一句了someone这一指代不明确的代词。一般说来，在指代身份或性别明确的人时，通常要根据情况用代词he / she；若是指代身份或性别不明的人，则用代词it：I dont know who it is. 我不知道那是谁。A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。There was somebody standing in front of the shop，but I couldnt see who it was. 商店前站着一个人，但我没看清是谁。A：Who has let out the secret? 是谁泄漏了密秘?B：It must be a big mouth. 一定是个快嘴。A：I hear a knock at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。B：It must be the postman. 一定是邮递员来了。A：Do you know who that is? 你知道那个人是谁吗?B：I suppose it is Marys father. 我想那是玛丽的父亲。附录：it指人的用法 it用作人称代词，主要用于指事物或动物。如：He aimed at the bird and missed it. 他瞄准那只鸟却没打中。He brought out his dictionary and looked the word up in it. 他拿出词典来查这个词。但是，it有时也用于指人，主要有以下用法：1. 用于指代性别不明的婴儿。如：Her new baby is tiny. It only weights 2 kilos. 她刚生出的孩子特别小，只有两公斤重。2. 用于指明或确认某人的身份。如：“Listen. Someone is crying.”“Oh, it must be Mary.”“听，有人在哭。”“噢，一定是玛丽。”Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。对于身份不明的人，我们要确定其身份，可以用it；但是，如果是指代身份明确的人，则不能用it，而要根据情况用he或she。比较：A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。The general manager just called. He told us to wait for him at the gate. 总经理刚来过电话，他叫我们在门口等他。3. 在答语中，it常用来指本人，如说：Its me. / Its Peter.选it还是what_ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A. He                        B. It                        C. That                        D. What分析此题容易误选B，认为这是考查形式主语。其实，此题的正确答案是D，句首的 What is hard 是主语从句，注意 what is hard 后的谓语动词 is。假若没有此 is，则应选B，即说成 It is hard to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.举一反三请做以下类似试题(答案均为C)：(1)  a. _ is difficult to persuade her to stay.      b. _ is difficult is to persuade her to stay.      A. It, It                      B. What, What                C. It, What                   D. What, It(2)  a. _ is interesting to watch children play games.       b. _ is interesting is to watch children play games.       A. It, It                     B. What, What                C. It, What                   D. What, It(3)  a. _ is dangerous to play with fire.       b. _ is dangerous is to play with fire.       A. It, It                      B. What, What               C. It, What                   D. What, Itit与one的区别 请看下面一道题：I want very much to buy a colour TV set, but I cant afford _.A. it                        B. one                        C. this                        D. that答案选B，但容易误选A。it 和 one 的区别可简单地概括为：it = the + 名词，one = a + 名词。如：I havent any dictionaries, and I want to borrow one. 我没有词典，我想借一本。(one = a dictionary)I have two dictionaries, and I can lend one to you. 我有两本词典，我可以借一本给你。(one = a dictionary)I have a dictionary, and I can lend it to you. 我有一本词典，我可以把它借给你。(it = the dictionary)根据上面一题的语境，句子后半截显然应该是  but I cant afford a colour TV set，而不是 but I cant afford the colour TV set，所以答案选B。学科网（北京）股份有限公司