2023年七年级英语下册语法知识点总结归纳1.pdf
精编知识点 Unit1 语法知识点 本单元谈论笔友相关的内容 1.be from=come from 来自于 Eg:He is from Japan.=He comes from Japan.Is he from Japan?=Does he come from Japan?Where is he from?=Where does he come from?2.pen pal(复数)pen pals apple tree(复数)apple trees woman teacher women teachers(复数)man teacher men teachers(复数)当名词修饰名词，变复数时第二个名词变复数，男女修饰名词时，都变复数。3.Country People Language China Chinese Canada Canadian(s)Australia Australian(s)France Frenchman(Frenchmen)French Japan Japanese America American(s)England Englishman(Englishmen)English 4.就语言提问的特殊疑问词是 What language Eg:He speaks English.What language does he speak?5.favorite=like best 最喜欢 Eg:My favorite color is red.=I like red best Whats your favorite color?=What color do you like best?6.live in+地点 eg:He lives in Shanghai.Where does he live?7.want:want+n.eg:I want a new pen.want to do sth 想要做某事 eg:I want to buy a new pen.want sb.to do sth 想要某人做某事 eg:I want you to buy a new pen.注：want=would like 精编知识点 8.interest:n.兴趣 adj.interesting interested 两个词的区别：The book is interesting.主语必须是物（the book）I am interested in English.主语必须是人（I）短语：sb.be interested in sth 某人对某物感兴趣。9.country 可数名词 many countries 许多国家 Eg：There are many countries in the world.10.时间前面的介词：at in on at+点 at 7:00 in+月份 年 in May in 2008 in May，2008 in the evening on+星期具体的时间 on Sunday on May 2,2008 on the Sunday evening 11.a little 一点 +不可数名词 little 几乎没有 +不可数名词 a few 一点 +可数名词 few 几乎没有 +可数名词 eg:There is a little water in the glass.Can I drink?I have a few friends in my class.There is little milk,lets buy some.I have few lessons on weekends 在周末.注：a little+adj Eg:He is a little shy.12.like to do sth.偶尔喜欢做某事 like doing sth 一直喜欢做某事 I like singing,but I dont like to sing today.13.with 表示“和”同 and 表示“和”的区别 He and I go shopping every day.(He and I 做主语，2 人)He with me goes shopping every day.(He 做主语，不看 with 后面)=He goes shopping with me every day.趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 and 不用于否定句和疑问句中，表示和时用 or.14.too:放在肯定句中句末表示“也”Eg：Nice to meet you,too.too+形容词表示“太”Eg:She is too beautiful.15.write to sb.给某人写信 Eg：Can you write to me soon?16.tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某物 Eg：Please tell me about your study 学习.17.dislike=dont like dislikes=doesnt like 18.选择疑问句：构成：一般疑问句 用 or 连接选择的部分 -Is it a pen or a pencil?-Its a pen.19.四说：speak:强调说某种语言的能力。say:强调说的内容 tell:告诉，讲述 tell sb.to do sth 告诉某人做某事 tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事 talk:谈话 talk towith sb 同某人谈话 Unit2 语法知识点 本单元谈论问通往某地的路 1.就地点提问的特殊疑问词用：where Wheres the post office?The post office is next to the school.in front of the school.behind the school.across from the school.between the library and the school.即：主语+be+方位介词+某地 2.询问地点的表达：Wheres the post office?Is there a post office near here?Can you tell me where the post office is?Can you tell me how to get to the post office.Can you tell me the way to the post office?注：the way（to）+地点 表示通往.的路 如果地点是副词如 home、here、there 等 to 必须省略)the way homeherethere 趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 on ones way(to)+地点 在某人通往某地的路上 3.in the neighborhood 在周围、在附近 go straight 一直向前走 turn leftright 向左右转 on the leftright 在左右侧 take a walk 散步 welcome to 欢迎到 go down 沿着 走 4.enjoy:enjoy+doing sth 喜欢高兴做某事 enjoy+oneself 使自己高兴=have fun doing sth=have a good time Eg:I enjoy swimming.I have fun swimming.5.begin:v.开始 n.beginning the beginning of 的开始 6.某地It+be aan+adj.place to do sth.某地它是一个做某事的的地方 Eg：It is a good place to play.7.到达的表达：arrive in+大地点 We arrive in Beijing.at+小地点 We arrive at school.get to+地点 reach+地点 8.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 Let him go to school.let sb.not do sth 让某人不做某事 Let him not go to school.9.cross:v.交叉 across prep 通过 crossing n.交叉口 throughacross through 强调有障碍物的通过 立体穿过 across 强调十字交叉的通过 平面穿过 10.close v.关闭 v.open 打开 closed adj.关着的open adj.开着的 keep sth closedopen 使.关着开着 11.hope:希望 hope to do sth.希望做某事 I hope to visit the Great Wall.趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 hope+(that)从句 I hope that I can visit the Great Wall.注：不可以说 hope sb.to do sth wish 希望 wish sb.to do sth wish to do sth wish+(that)从句 Unit3 语法知识点 本单元谈论喜欢何种动物及原因 1.kind:副词 kind of+adj.=a little+adj.表示“一点，几分”Eg：They are kind of smart.名词:a kind of+可数名词 表示“一种”two kinds of+可数名词 表示“两种”all kinds of+可数名词 表示“各种各样”形容词：和蔼的 Eg:The old man is kind.2.play with 和玩 I like playing with Tom.Dont play with fir e.3.祈使句：表示请求或命令的语气。肯定构成：（Please）+V 原+其它 Please come in.V 原+其它,（Please）Come in,please.否定构成：Dont+(Please）+V 原+其它 Please dont come in.Dont+V 原+其它,（Please）Dont come in,please.4.during the day 在白天 at night 在晚上 5.relax v.放松 （当主语是第三人称单数时 relax 变为 relaxes）adj.relaxing 主语是物 relaxed 主语是人 6.friend:n.朋友 adj.friendly 友好的 be friendly to sb.对某人友好 The teacher is friendly to her students.在英语中以-ly结尾的词为副词，如：usually,really,carefully 等。但有特殊：friendly,lovely 为形趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 容词 形容词修饰名词放于名词前 adj+n beautiful girl 副词修饰动词、形容词和副词 adv+adj very beautiful v.+adv thanks a lot 7.表示征求对方意见的表达：Why not+do sth 为什么不?Why not go to the zoo?HowWhat about doing sth?怎么样？What about going to the zoo?8.比较下面的句子：He is a 12-year-old boy.有连字符的做定语，名词用单数 The boy is 12 years old.无连字符的做表语 9.反意疑问句：征求对方的看法或意见。以 Lets 开始的反意疑问句，固定用 shall we?10.感叹句的表达：What aan+adj+可数名词单数+代词+谓语 What a beautiful girl she is!How+adj+the+可数名词单数+谓语 How beautiful the girl is!Unit4 语法知识点 本单元谈论询问对方的职业 1.询问对方职业的表达：What do you do?What does he do?What are you?What is he?Whats your job?Whats his job?回答：主语+be+职业 2.work:v.工作 work with sb.sth.同某人工作同某物打交道.He works in a restaurant.=He is a waiter.He works with money.他同钱打交到.n.工作 不可数名词 著作 可数名词 job:n.工作 可数名词 3.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.给某人某物=把某物给某人 Eg:Please give Zhaoming the pen.=Please give the pen to Zhaoming.趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 4.help:n.不可数名词 Please give me some help.v.help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb.with sth.doing sth 在某方面帮助某人 He helps me(to)study math.=He helps me with math.5.talk towith sb 同某人谈话。in the day 在白天 at night 在晚上 go out to dinners 外出就餐 5.be busy(in)doing sth.忙于做某事 He is busy in studying the math.7.hard:adv.努力地;刻苦地 He studies hard.hardly:adv.几乎不 I hardly have lessons on weekends.8.have a job for sb.as+职业 给某人提供一个职业的工作 We have a job for Tom as a teacher.9.news:消息 不可数名词 a piece of news two pieces of news 10.in hospital in the hospital in hospital 住院 He is ill,he is in hospital.in the hospital 在医院里 My mother works in the hospital.Unit5 语法知识点 本单元学习现在进行时态：1.现在进行时：强调此时此刻正在做的事情。翻译为正在做 Look、listen、now 是现在进行时的标志。肯定构成：主语+be(am、is、are)+ving+其他 I am watching TV.否定构成：主语+be(am、is、are)+not+ving+其他 I am not watching TV.疑问构成：Be+(am、is、are)+主语+vin+其他 Yes,主语+be No,主语+be+not Are you watching TV?Yes,I am.No,I am not.注意：He watching TV.(错)因为无 be 动词 He is watch TV.(错)因为没变现在分词 趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 Ving:现在分词 变化规则：+ing watch-watching 不发音的 e 结尾去 e+ing 重读闭音节双写辅音字母+ing 以 ie 结尾的将 ie 变 y+ing 2.go to movies=go to a movie 去看电影 3.wait for sb.等待某人 He is waiting for a bus.4.talk towith sb 同说话 He is taling with his friends.talk about 谈论 They are talking about math.talk on the phone 通过电话谈论 5.speak to sb 对某人说话 Unit6 语法知识点 本单元学习询问天气的表达 1.询问天气如何？Hows the weather?Whats the weather like?Its.n-adj snow-snowy wind-windy sun-sunny cloud-cloudy rain-rainy 2.Hows it goin g?进展如何？答语：Great.Pretty good.Not bad.Terrible.3.thank you for doing sth 感谢做某事=thanks for doing sth (注意 for 是介词 介词+ing 常见的介词有 in,of,at,for,about,on 等)4.take vacation 度假 take a photo=take photos 照相 5.some others 一些在另一些在 Some are taking photos,others are lying on the beach.6.surprise:n.惊讶 to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是 v.使惊讶的是 He surprised me.adj.surprising 物 趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 surprised 人 7.relax:v.放松 relaxes(单三形式)adj.relaxing 物 relaxed 人 8.have a good time=have fun=enjoy doing sth=enjoy oneself 9.weather:天气（不可数）What nice weather it is today!Unit7 语法知识点 本单元学习学问别人的外貌 1.look like 看起来像 look 是动词 like 是介词表示“像 作为动词表示“喜欢”What does he look like?=What is he like?（其中 be like既可以询问性格也可以询问外貌）答语：He is tallshort.He has long curly hair.He is of medium build.=He has a medium build.(building 建筑物)He is of medium height.=He has a medium height.2.the captain of 的队长 He is the captain of soccer ball team.3.love to do sth 喜欢做某事 I love to watch TV.4.tell jokes 讲笑话 play a joke on sb.同某人开玩笑 5.stop:stop doing sth 停下来正在做的事 stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The teacehr is coming,please stop talking.(talk)I am tired.Please stop to have(have)a rest.6.a little bit+adjadv=a little 一点 He is a little bit heavy.a bit of+不可数名词=a little 7.with:“和”，“留有”He is tall.He has short hair.=He is tall with short hair.8.rememberforget:rememberforget to do sth 记着忘记将要做某事 remember forget doing sth.记得忘记做了某事 Please remember to close the door.(记着去关门)I remember closing the door.(我记得关门了)趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 Unit8 语法知识点 本单元学习去饭店就餐时的对话 掌握下面的对话：Waiter:Can I help you?(What can I do for you?)Costomer:Id(I would)like some noodles.Waiter:What kind of noodles would you like?Costomer:Id like beef and tomato noodles,please.Waiter:What size bowl of noodles would you like?Costomer:What sizes do you have?Waiter:Large bowl,Medium bowl,Small bowl.Costomer:Medium bowl,please.2.want to do sth would like to do sth 想要做某事的区别 want 没有委婉语气，而 would like 有委婉语气 want 是行为动词，而 would 是助动词 Do you want to eat ice-cream?Would you like to eat ice-cream?注意：在委婉语气中的“一些”只能用 some.Unit9 语法知识点 1.过去时态：表示发生在过去时间里的动作或存在的状态。表示过去的时间状语：yesterday 昨天 the day before yesterday 前天 two days ago 两天前just now 刚才 last night yearweekmonth 昨天晚上去年上周 上个月 过去时态的构成：肯定公式：主语+动词过去式+其他 否定公式：主语+waswere+not+其他 主语+didn t+动词原形+其他 疑问公式：WasWere+主语+其他？Did+主语+动词原形+其他 He was a teacher two years ago.肯定句 He wasnt a teacher two years ago.否定句 Was he a teacher two years ago?一般疑问句 I went shopping yesterday.肯定句 趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 I didnt go shopping yesterday.否定句 Did you go shopping yesterday?一般疑问句 动词过去式的变化规则：规则变化 +ed work-worked e+d practice-practiced 辅音+y-将 y 变 ied study-studied stay-stayed 重读闭音节双写辅音字母+ed stop-stopped 不规则变化：amis-was are-were dodoes-did have-had go-went see-saw get-got make-made eat-ate take-took spend-spent write-wrote sit-sat lose-lost find-found think-thought read-read can-could swim-swam feel-felt 2do some reading 做一些阅读 do some cleaning 做一些打扫 do some ving 做一些 3practice:practice+doing sth 练习做某事 He practices speaking English every morning.4.study for 为而复习学习 go for a walk 散步 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look after 照顾 look up 查阅 5 What How about+doing sth?做怎么样？注意 about 是介词 What about going shopping?=Why not go shopping?6.My weekend was great.How was your weekend?7.watch(see):watch sb do sth 看见某人做了某事 watch sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 I watch him play the soccer.I watch him playing the soccer.8.It is time to do sth 该到做某事的时间了 It is time for doing sth.sth.9.spend:(in)doing sth I spend two hours in swimming.on sth I spend two yuan on the pencil.Unit10 语法知识点 本单元谈论过去的时间里去哪了。趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 1.find：find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 I find him cleaning the room.2make:make sb do sth 使某人做某事 The movie makes me feel sad.make sth+adj.使某物.PE makes me tired.3.decide:decide to do sth 下定决心做某事 I decided to study hard.=make ones mind to do sth.否定:decide not to do sth.n.decision make a decision to do sth 4.begin:begin to dodoing sth 开始做某事 5.be lost 迷路，丢失 Unit 11 语法知识点 本单元讨论喜欢的电视节目 1.电视节目：talk show sports show game show soap operasports showsitcome(situation comedy)2.询问对方喜欢电视节目的表达：What do you think of+电视节目？=How do you like+电视节目？答语：（按喜欢的程度依次排序）I lovelikedont mind dont like cant stand them.3.mind sb.（ones）doing sth 介意某人做某事 I dont mind yo u cleaning the room.4.cant stand doing sth.无法忍受做某事 I cant stand watching the boring TV shows.5.How about sb.某人样 How What about sth.某事样？How What about doing sth?做某事样呢？6.in fact 事实上 In fact,I dont like music.7.常见的央视节目：English Today 今日英语 Sports News 体育新闻 Healthy living 健康生活 Culture China 中国文化 趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 Chinese Cooking 中国美食 Animal world 动物世界 8.talk towith sb 和谈话 I want to talk with you.9.welcome to+地点 欢迎到 Welcome to Beijing.10.ask:ask sb about sth.问某人关于某事 I want to ask you about your study.ask sb to do sth.让某人做某事 I ask you to clean the room.ask sb not to do sth.让某人不做某事 I ask you not to clean the room.11.show sb.sth 展示某让你某物=show sth.to sb.把某物展示给某人 12.each:adj.Each student has a watch.(修饰名词后面的名词用单数，谓语动词也要用单数)pron.Each of them has a new watch.(of 后面的名词用复数形式，但是动词用单数形式，因为真正的主语是 each.)Every 只有形容词词性，没有代词词性。13.some of their answers 符合 some of+名词复数 当中的一些 名词必须用复数，动词也用复数。其中some 还可以用 most,one,each 所代替。但是用 one,each 代替时动词用单数形式。即：SomeMost+名词复数+V 复数+其他 当中的一些绝大多数 Some of the students are playing on the playground.OneEach+名词复数+V 单数+其他 当中的一个 Each of the girls is having a good time.14.Its for sb 给某人的 Its for moms.15.enjoy doing sth=have fun doing sth =have a good time.16.would like to do sth.想要做某事 I would like to drink some water.17.Can you please do sth?你能?(表示委婉请求的句子)18.color:n 颜色 adj.colorful 色彩鲜艳的 I like colorful sweaters.趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略精编知识点 (beauty-beautiful care-careful wonder-wonderful)Unit 12 语法知识点 本单元讨论学校的规定 1.祈使句：表示请求或命令的语气。肯定构成：（Please）+V 原+其它 Please come in.V 原+其它,（Please）Come in,please.否定构成：Dont+(Please）+V 原+其它 Please dont come in.Dont+V 原+其它,（Please）Dont come in,please.2.What are the rules at your school?We cant arrive late for class.3.wear:穿 I wear a blue T-shirt today.戴 I wear a hat.4.have to must 1)have to 有时态的变化 has to had to 而 must 没有 2)have to 变疑问句和否定句时用助动词 dodid,而 must 用本身即可。3)have to 表示主语的客观性，而 must 强调主语的主观性。5.too manytoo muchmuch too too many+可数名词复数 太多 There are too many rulers at school.too much+不可数名词 太多 I drink too much watch.much too+形容词副词 太 You are much too nice.6.on school night 上学的晚上 by ten oclock 到 10 点 7.help:v.help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 I help him make dinner.help sb with sth.help sb with doing sth.在某方面帮助某人 n.不可数 I need your help.8.No+doing sth 不要禁止做某事 No smoking here.趣两个词的区别主语必须是物主语必须是人短语某人对某物感兴趣可数选择疑问句构成一般疑问句用连接选择的部分四说强调说某种语言的能某地询问地点的表达注地点表示通往的路如果地点是副词如等必须省略
