2023年2012年高考试卷(最新版)英语山东卷含超详细解析答案.pdf

单选 21.When you are done with the book,just give it to Lucy or Helen or_.A.whoever B.wherever C.whatever D.however 22.Sorry I m late.I got stuck in traffic._.You re here now.Come in and sit down.A.You are welcome B.That s right.C.I have no idea.D.Never mind.23.Maria has written two novels,both of _ have been made into television series.A.them B.that C.which D.what 24.My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression 25.It doesn t matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A.how B.whether C.what D.why 26.George returned after the war,only _ that his wife had left him.A.to be told B.telling C.being told D.told 27.He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A.as B.if C.unless D.though 28.After Jack had sent some e-mails,he _ working on his project.A.had started B.has started C.started D.starts 29.Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times.A.the;the B.a;a C.a;不填 D.不填;a 30.If we _ adequate preparations,the conference wouldn t have been so successful.A.haven t made B.wouldn t make C.didnt make D.hadn t make 31.I don t know about you,but I m sick and tired of this weather._.I can t stand all this rain.A.I don t care B.Its hard to say C.So am I D.I hope so 32.A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A.when B.where C.before D.until 33.Be _you can t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.A.reasonable B.confident C.creative D.grateful 34.The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _.A.will leave B.are leaving C.have left D.were leaving 35.After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope_.A.providing B.provided C.having provided D.provide 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，共 20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whenever we hear about“the homeless”,most of us think of the Developing World.But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere.For example,how many of us would expect to see people living on the street of a 37 country like Germany?Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin,Germany s capital.They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home,made sandwiches,41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren t 42.“What these people also need is warmth and 43,”says Rita.The Mullers didn t 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldn t face another night on the street.The couple were soon 47 all their time and money,so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations.Today,over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless.The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes.Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work.“We feel like parents,”says Rita,“and parents shouldn t 53 money for helping their children.The love we get on the street is our salary.”Though Rita admits she often gets 54,she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world.36.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea 37.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy 38.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions 39.A.began B.met C.called D.left 40.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away 41.A.brought up B.set up C.put aside D.gave away 42.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive 43.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring 44.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend 45.A.made sense B.found out C.made sure D.worked out 46.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near 47.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending 48.A.pay for B.ask for C.look into D.carry out 49.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly 50.A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend 51.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects 52.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support 53.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect 54.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused 55.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，共 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A The pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru s heartbreaking story could have on good consequence佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑磷酸盐引文精神病院第四部分书面表达第二节完形填空共小题每小题分满分分英语试题参考答案other countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years,Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru,for from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter,a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.However,because it was very remote,Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit,bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten-year civil war started,which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.Nauru s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact,it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate,which is a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;it is a strip mine.When a company strip-mines,it removes the top layer of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip-mining totally destroys the land.Gradually,the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968,Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000,Nauru was almost financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately 433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.56.What might be the author s purpose in writing the text?A.To seek help for Nauru s problems.B.To give a warning to other countries.C.To show the importance of money.D.To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.57.What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?A.Rich and powerful.B.Modern and open.C.Peaceful and attractive D.Greedy and aggressive.58.The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from_.A.soil pollution B.phosphate overmining C.farming activity D.whale hunting 59.Which of the following was a cause of Nauru s financial problem?A.Its leaders misused the money.B.It spent too much repairing the island.C.Its phosphate mining cost much money.D.It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.60.What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑磷酸盐引文精神病院第四部分书面表达第二节完形填空共小题每小题分满分分英语试题参考答案 A.The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B.The leaders will take the experts words seriously.C.The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D.The phosphate mines were destroyed.B One of the greatest contributors to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual.In 1879,Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文)showing how it was used.This was a huge task,so Murray had to find volunteers from Britain,the United States,and the British colonies to search every newspaper,magazine,and book ever written in English.Hundreds of volunteers responded,including William Chester Minor.Dr.Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England.He gave his address as“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50 miles from Oxford.Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.Over the next 17 years,he became one of the staff s most valued contributors.But he was also a mystery.In spite of many invitations,he would always decline to visit Oxford.So in 1897,Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself.When he arrived,he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院)for the Criminally Insane.Murray and Minor became friends,sharing their love of words.Minor continued contributing to the dictionary,sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.Murray continued to visit Minor regularly,sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910,Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America.Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor died in 1920,seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.The 12 volunteers defined 414,825 words,and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.61.According to the text,the first Oxford English Dictionary _.A.came out before Minor died B.was edited by an American volunteer C.included the English words invented by Murray D.was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary 62.How did Dr.Minor contribute to the dictionary?A.He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.B.He sent newspapers,magazines and books to Murray.C.He provided a great number of words and quotations.D.He went to England to work with Murray.63.Why did Dr.Minor refuse to visit Oxford?佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑磷酸盐引文精神病院第四部分书面表达第二节完形填空共小题每小题分满分分英语试题参考答案 A.He was shut in an asylum.B.He lived far from Oxford.C.He was busy writing a book.D.He disliked traveling.64.Prof.Murray and Dr.Minor became friends mainly because_.A.they both served in the Civil War B.they had a common interest in words C.Minor recovered with the help of Murray D.Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor 65.Which of the following best describes Dr.Minor?A.Brave and determined.B.Cautious and friendly.C.Considerate and optimistic.D.Unusual and scholarly.66.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The history of the English language.B.The friendship between Murray and Minor.C.Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.D.Broadmoor Asylum and its patients.第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上（请注意76 至 79 四个小题后面的词数要求）。1 Ashley Power s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight.When she was thirteen,she was surfing the Internet regularly,but she couldn t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk.And one day she thought,“If I had my own website,I d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”2 So,when Ashley was sixteen,she launched her own website,called GooseHead.She had no idea how big a success it would be,but three years later,the site was the most successful teen site in the USA!It was getting 100,000 hits every day,and Ashley had about 30 employees.3 After a few years,the website closed down.Then Ashley,who lives in Los Angeles,was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life.The book is about how to design a website and start a business.It begins with a section called“All About Ashley”,where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company then you are only sixteen.“I was so happy.But it was crazy in a lot of ways.I got very stressed.I mean,I was only sixteenI didn t even have a car!If you were sixteen and you had your own company,you d be stressed,too!”4 In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to stare their own business,“Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them.And don t listen when_,because I heard no a lot.Just keep going until you hear yes!”76.For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead?(no more than 10 words)_ 77.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?(no more than 6 words)佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑磷酸盐引文精神病院第四部分书面表达第二节完形填空共小题每小题分满分分英语试题参考答案_ 78.According to Paragraph 3,what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down?(no more than 10 words)_ 79.How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(no more than 5 words)_ 80.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words._ 21.Ive lived in New York and Chicago,but dont like _ of them very much.A.either B.any C.each D.another 22.It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A.不填；a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;不填 23.How far can you run without stopping?_.Ive never tried.A.Dont mention it B.Thats all right C.I have no idea D.Go ahead 24.I didnt think Id like the movie,but actually it _ pretty good.A.has been B.was C.had been D.would be 25.The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in one corner.A.standing B.to stand C.stands D.stood 26.Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.A.unless B.until C.although D.since 27.Oh no!Were too late.The train _.Thats Ok.Well catch the next train to London.A.was leaving B.had left C.has left D.has been leaving 28._I have to give a speech,I get extremely nervous before I start.A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Whoever D.However 29.I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired.A.take B.taking C.to take D.taken 30.Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.A.what B.whose C.which D.that 31.There is no simple answer,_ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where 32.This is a really lively party.T heres a great atmosphere,isnt there?_ The hosts know how to host a party.A.Dont worry B.Yes,indeed C.No,theres isnt D.It all depends 33._ at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.A.Having eaten B.To eat C.Eat D.Eating 34.The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children.佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑磷酸盐引文精神病院第四部分书面表达第二节完形填空共小题每小题分满分分英语试题参考答案A.from B.by C.at D.for 35.Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.when B.where C.which D.whom 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）I used to be a very self-centered person,but in the past two years I have really changed.I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself.I am happy that I am becoming a 37 person.I think my 38 started when I was at PalomarCollege.At first,I just wanted to get my39 and be left alone.I thought I was smarter than everyone else,so I hardly ever 40to anyone in my classes.By the end of my first semester,I was really 41.It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.So tried a(n)42.I started asking people around me how they were doing,and if they were having trouble I 43 to help.That was really a big 44 for me.By the end of the year,I had several new friends,and two of 45 are still my best friends today.A bigger cause of my new 46,however,came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home.One old lady there who had Alzheimers disease became my 47.Every time I came into her room,she was so 48 becau