2023年牛津上海八下8BUnit1Trees知识点归纳总结梳理精品教育..pdf

第 1 页 8B Unit 1 Trees P1 1.nature n.自然；天性-natural a.自然的；天生的；本能的-unnatural a.不自然的 e.g.keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 in nature 在自然界 natural food 天然食品 a natural footballer 一个天生的足球运动员 2.seed n.种子 3.strange a.奇怪的；陌生的-stranger n.陌生人 P2 1.live v.=exist 生存；居住-life n.(lives)生活；生命-living a.活着的；逼真的-alive a.活着；在世 e.g.save one s life 救某人的命 lose one s life 失去某人的生命 save his life lose your life save our lives lose their lives all living things 一切生物 keep sb.alive 使某人活着 Latin is not a living language.find himself alive 发现他自己还活着 拉丁语不是现代用语。The great man is still alive.那个伟人还活着。2.on the left 在左边-on the right 在右边 3.average a.平均的 e.g.He is average height.他中等身材。The average age of the students is 15.平均年龄 4.mouse n.mice pl.老鼠 5.tortoise n.tortoises pl.乌龟 6.human n.人类 humans pl.a.人的；人类的 e.g.human beings 人类 7.pollute v.污染 pollution n.e.g.air pollution water pollution noise pollution polluted a.被污染的 e.g.The water is polluted.这水被污染了。8.item n.条款；项目；一件物品 an item 9.well-known a.=famous 著名的-better-known(比较级)best-known(最高级)10.magnolia trees 玉兰树 11.sweet-smelling 芳香的 12.be known as 被誉为 knowknew-known 13.show showedshown/showed e.g.show me your watch=show your watch to me 14.decide v.决定 decision n.e.g.decide(not)to do sth.决定（不）做某事 make a decision 做决定 15.probably adv.=possibly=perhaps=maybe 也许；大概；可能 P3 1.pollution fighters 污染斗士 2.fight v.fought fought v./n.打架；战斗-fighter n.斗士；战士 e.g.fight against/with 与某人打架/打丈 have a fight 打一架 3.collect some facts 收集一些事实/资料-collection n.in fact 事实上 a matter of fact 真相 4.a class project on pollution 一个有关污染的班级课题 5.interview sb.about sth.采访某人关于某事 6.science n.科学-scientist n.科学家 e.g.Einstein was one of the most famous scientists in the world.爱因斯坦是最著名的科学家之一。7.interest n./v.兴趣；爱好；利益/使感兴趣 interested a.感兴趣的 interesting a.有趣的 many interests 许多兴趣=many hobbies show great interest in sth.对某事表现出极大兴趣 be interested in sth./doing 对感兴趣；=be keen on sth./doing 8.on the earth 在地球上；在世界上 on earth 究竟 e.g.Where on earth are you going?9.what good 什么好处 good 在这里是名词，意为“好处”=benefit n.利益；好处 10.make sb.(not)do sth.使某人（不）做某事-made-made 11.make+sb./sth+adj.使（某物/人）变得（怎么样）e.g.The news made all the boys very happy.这个消息使得所有的男孩很高兴。12.make sb.+n.使某人成为 e.g.make him a great runner 使他成为一个极好的跑步运动员 13.noise n.噪音-noisy a.noisiernoisiest make much noise 发出许多噪音 make a noise 吵闹 14.noise n.noisy a.吵闹的-noisily adv.15.noisier 更吵；较吵 less noisy 比较不吵；比较安静=quieter less expensive=cheaper 比较便宜 make streets more beautiful and less noisy 使街道更美更安静 16.what else=what other things 别的什么 17.wood n.木头wooden a.木制的 be made of wood 由木头做成 a wooden ball 一个木球 18.on the end of 在的末端/顶端 e.g.on the end of a pencil 在铅笔的末端 19.in the end=at last=finally 最后 20.at the end of 在底；在的尽头 at the end of the month 在月底 at the end of the story 在故事的结尾 at the end of the road 在马路的尽头 e from=be from 来自 come-came-come 22.suppose v.:think(sth.to be true)认为；推断；假设 e.g.I suppose that you are right.我猜想你是对的。23.also=,too=as well=as well as=bothand=not onlybut also=So do/does sb.as well as 也；还；和 （as well as 连接两个主语时，后面的谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。）e.g.He as well as his sisters is going to Canada.as well as 还=and lively a.生动的 第 2 页 e.g.Mr.Li s class is lively and interesting.=Mr Li s class is lively as well as interesting.24.breathe v.呼吸-breathing breathe in 吸入（气体）breathe out 呼出（气体）breath n.呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸 be out of breath 上气不接下气；喘不过气来 hold one s breath 屏住某人的呼吸 25.pure a.纯的；纯净的-mixed 混合的 pure-purer-purest purely adv.纯粹地；完全地 26.enjoy breathing pure,cool air 喜欢呼吸洁净凉爽的空气 pure=clean 27.Of course.=Certainly=Sure 当然 28.thank sb.for sth./doing sth.为而感谢某人 e.g.thank you for your invitation=thank you for inviting me 感谢你的邀请 thank you for your help=thank you for helping me 感谢你的帮助 29.takefrom从中拿出 e.g.take harmful gases from the air 从空气中吸收有害气体 take trees from the forests 从森林中取走树木 several kinds of gas 几种气体 30.harm n./v.伤害 harmful a.有害的harmless a.无害的 31.be harmful to=be bad for=do harm to 对有害 e.g.Smoking is harmful to our health.=Smoking is bad for our health.=Smoking does harm to 吸烟对我们的健康有害。32.release v.释放；放出=let out=set free e.g.release the prisoners 释放囚犯 33.release oxygen back into the air 把氧气释放（回）到空气中 34.fourfourth 第四 forty fortieth 第四十 forty-six-forty-sixth 第四十六 35.one and a half hectares=one/a hectare and a half 1.5 公顷 36.produce v.产生；生产=make/grow product n.产品；产物 production n.生产；产量 e.g.The factory produces many nice products every year.The production is really good.这家工厂每年生产许多好的产品。产量真的很好。Nokia products 诺基亚产品 37.wonder v.想知道=want to know-wonderful a.精彩的；奇妙的；极好的 n.奇迹 38.enough+名词 e.g.enough oxygen/food 足够的氧气/食物 形容词+enough e.g.big enough 够大 careful enough 够仔细 adj.+enough to do 足够.能做=so+adj.+that sb.can do 如此以致于能 39.keep+sb./sth+adj.(形)使处于的状态 keep-kept-kept keep your whole class alive 保持/使你们整个班级活着 keep the windows open 让窗户开着 keep us healthy 保持我们健康（healthier）40.natural air conditioners 天然的空调-air-conditioned a.有空调的 an air-conditioned room The room is air-conditioned.这个房间是有空调的。41.do the job of 起作用 do the job of 15 air conditioners 起 15 台空调的作用 42.run v.ranrun 运转；操作=work/operate 43.all day=the whole day 整天 44.almost=nearly 几乎；差不多 45.know a lot about trees 对树木了解很多 46.begin v.beganbegunbeginning begin doing/to do=start doing/to do开始做 at the beginning of 在的开始 47.understand v.understoodunderstood 理解 48.for example 例如（后有逗号+句子）=such as+名词/动名词 49.an insect 一个昆虫 50.attack v.袭击；攻打 51.warn v.警告；提醒-warning n.warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人（不要）做某事 e.g.The police warned us not to go out at night.警察警告我们晚上不要外出。52.protectby(not)doing sth.通过（不）做某事保护 e.g.We should protect the environment by planting more trees.我们应该种更多的树保护环境。We should protect the environment by not cutting down more trees.我们应该不砍伐更多的树来保护环境。53.protectfrom 保护不受.prevent from；keep from protect v.protection n.54.chemical n.化学物质；化学品 produce a chemical 产生一种化学物质 a.化学的 a chemical change 一个化学变化 chemical n./a.chemistry n.化学 a chemistry book/teacher/lesson study chemistry 学习化学 chemist n.化学家；药剂师 (physics n.物理（学）-physical a.物理的；身体的)55.taste v.+adj.尝起来怎么样 连系动词还有：look;smell;sound;feel;become;get;turn;grow后+形 56.nasty a.令人厌恶的/不悦的=unpleasant/not nice/horrible/terrible e.g.a nasty smell 一股很恶心的气味 57.join A and B together 将 A 和 B 连接起来 join=connect 连接 58.join+某人/组织：加入某人；加入某一个组织 take part in+活动/比赛/运动会 attend+a meeting/a lecture/school=go to 出席会议/讲座；上学 59.pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人 第 3 页 e.g.pass him the book=pass the book to him 把那本书递给他 60.each other 相互；互相 表示两个人之间的相互关系 one another 相互；互相 表示两人以上的相互关系 municate v.交流信息；沟通-communication municate with sb.和某人交流 municate with one another 互相交流 62.be in(great)danger 处于（极大的）危险中-be out of danger 脱离危险 danger n.dangerous a.危险的more dangerous-most dangerous 63.cut down 砍伐 cutcut-cutting 64.burn v.燃烧 burntburnt burning a.燃烧着的 65.6 million trees 六百万棵树 millions of trees 几百万棵数 66.place v.放置 replace v.替换；取代=take the place of 67.hardly adv.=almost not 几乎不 hardly any 几乎没有almost none hardly ever=almost never 几乎从不 68.hard a.硬的；困难的；猛烈的 adv.努力地；猛烈地 69.destroy v.破坏damage destroyed-destroyed 70.best fighters against pollution 对抗污染的最好斗士们 P4 1.take away 拿走；带走 throw away 扔掉threw-thrown 2.change v.改变；变化-exchange v.交换 3.quite a lot=quite a few 相当多的 4.a large number of+可数名词：大量的 a number of=some=a few 一些 the number of：的数量 e.g.The number of the students in our grade is 280.5.something bad 某些不好的事情 something/anything/nothing这些不定代词放在形容词前 6.make four mistakes 犯了四个错误 -correct mistakes 改正错误 7.live much/far longer than 比活得长久得多 much+比较级 8.heat v.加热；n.热量 hot a.hotter-hottest 9.be like 像 like v.喜欢；prep.像 10.share sth.with sb.和某人分享某物 11.main a.=most important 主要的；最重要的-mainly adv.=mostly adv.大体上；主要地 P5 1.hear v.heardheard 听见 listen v.听 2.power n.力量；权利 powerful a.强大的；有效的 3.fewer and fewer trees 越来越少的树 4.except prep.除了以外-exception n.例外 e.g.There are some exceptions.P6 1.drop v.dropping 落下；降低 stop v.-stopping 2.die v.dying tie v.tying 系 shut v.shutting 关 3.be on holiday 在度假 4.practice doing 练习做某事 5.go windsurfing 去做帆板运动；去冲浪 6.sunbathe v./n.沐日光浴；日光浴 7.at/on the beach 在沙滩；在海滩 8.play badminton 打羽毛球 9.play volleyball 打排球 P7 1.contain v.包含-container n.容器 2.belong to him 属于他 The book belongs to Mary=The book is Mary s.这本书是玛丽的。否定句：The book doesn t belong to Mary.=The book isn t Mary s.3.mean v.meantmeantmeaning n.意思 P8 1.Tree-planting Day 植树节 on Tree-planting Day 2.reasons for planting more trees 植更多树的理由-reasonable a.合理的 3.make streets less noisy 使街道比较安静 4.provide us with food=provide food for us 给我们提供食物 P9 1.fight pollution 对抗污染 fightfoughtfoughtfighter n.2.stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 3.use plastic bags for shopping=use plastic bags to shop 用塑料袋购物 4.stop factories from producing harmful gases 阻止工厂产生有害气体 =preventfrom=keep from (这里不等于 protectfrom)5.important a.-importance n.重要性 6.the most important way to fight pollution 最重要的对抗污染的方法=ways of fighting pollution 7.agree with sb.同意某人 P10 1.caption n.标题；说明文字 2.in a lorry=by lorry 乘货车；乘卡车 3.finish doing sth.完成某事；做完某事 第 4 页 4.more details 更多的细节 P11 1.trees for life 生命之树 2.remove dust 除去灰尘-removal n.搬迁 3.reduce v.减少 4.reduceto 减少到 reduceby.减少了 5.sound pollution 声音污染 6.urban a.城市的；市内的 7.beautiful a.美丽的-beauty n.美丽 8.add beauty to cities 给城市增加美丽；给城市增加美感 9.soil n.泥土；土地 10.wash away(水土)流失；冲走 be washed away 被冲走 11.toofor sb.to do sth.=not enough for sb.to do sth.=so that sb.can t do sth.太以致于某人不能=对某人来说不够不能=如此以致于某人不能 e.g.The maths problem is too difficult for us to work out.=The maths problem is not easy enough for us to work out.=The maths problem is so difficult that we can t work it out.12.provide shelter for both humans and animals=provide both humans and animals with shelter 给人类和动物提供庇护所 13.supply v.提供；供给=provide supply sth.for sb.14.much furniture 许多家具 a piece of furniture 一件家具 15.paper products 纸类产品 16.ingredient n.原料；组成部分 17.medicine n.药 take some medicine 吃药；服药 18.medicine for headache 治疗头疼的药 medicine for 治疗.的药 19.medicine n.-medical a.医疗的 medical team 医疗队 20.cure v.治愈；治疗 21.illness n.疾病=disease cure illnesses 治疗疾病 22.die v.死 dead a.死了的dying a.垂死的death n.死亡 diedieddied 23.He died two days ago.=He has been dead for two days.他死了两天了。24.Betty s death=the death of Betty Betty 的死亡 25.more than=over 超过；多于 26.have been destroyed 已经被毁坏 （现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+done）27.Trees are being cut down.树木正在被砍伐。（现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+done）28.make a difference 带来不同；对某事有影响 29.take care of them=look after them=care for them 照顾他们 30.help protect our environment 帮助保护我们的环境 help 后+do/to do 31.warmly welcome 热烈欢迎 welcome v.welcomed welcomed 32.He would like to join us.=He wants to join us.他想加入我们。33.in the next 10 years=in the following 10 years 在随后的 10 年中 34.find out 找出；查明；弄清 look for 寻找 35.send us an e-mail=send an e-mail to us 给我们发送电子邮件 sendsentsent 36.Lucy hopes to do sth.=Lucy hopes that she will/can do sth.Lucy希望做某事 37.A hopes that B will do sth.A 希望 B 将会做某事 38.You will have lots of fun.=You will have a good time.=You will enjoy yourself.你将玩得开心。39.at least 至少=no less than 40.make a promise 许一个诺言 41.keep a promise 遵守诺言 42.promise(not)to do sth.承诺（不）做某事 43.zip/postal code 邮政编码 44.occupation n.职业 45.the importance of protecting trees 保护树木的重要性 46.be important to 对重要 P12 1.fierce a.凶猛的 fiercely adv.2.be in prison 坐牢；蹲监狱 3.choose to do sth.选择做某事 chosechosen choice n.4.work on the computer 在电脑上工作 5.at the moment=now=at present 此刻；现在