2023年英语精品讲义样例模板.pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 非谓语动词 备注：标题名称按照 X 计划英语学科三级知识主题设定 科目 英语 适用年级 高中二年级 适用区域 全国使用人教版教材的地区 课时数量/时间 1 课时/60 分钟 教师姓名 许和器 学生姓名 李四 教学目标 知识：1、掌握非谓语动词与谓语动词的区别。2、能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法。方法：1、要总结、熟记重要非谓语动词的用法；要学会在实际中灵活运用。能力：1、能正确运用各类非谓语动词，如：不定式、分词、动名词的区别等。2、掌握并会运用不定式、分词、动名词的用法。教学方法建议 1、通过复习谓语动词时态的格式，引出非谓语的各种格式，从而从根本上让学生区分时态上的 be doing 和非谓语动词中的 doing 的区别；have done 和非谓语动词中的 done 的区别；to be done 与非谓语动词的 to do 的区别。2、进行相应的练习讲解，分类讲解，综合练习。知识点 过去分词作定语，过去分词作状语，过去分词作宾语补足语 备注：知识点必须与 X 计划中知识点保持一致 教学过程：一、预习 教师引导学生复习上节课留的作业，进行评价并讲解。二、知识讲解 知识点 1：非谓语动词做主语的用法及规则 非谓语动词到底是什么？就是不能够做主语的动词的格式，只有三种格式，即：to do;doing;doing/done.学习必备 欢迎下载 非谓语动词做什么用途？除了谓语动词之外，可以充当句子的各种成分，即：主语，宾语（表语），宾语补足语，定语，状语。非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别到底是什么？谓语动词在使用的过程中，要遵从时态和语态的要求，也就是说要完全符合时态和语体对于动词格式的要求。而非谓语动词在使用过程中，从格式上看，只是截取了各种时态或语态要求的格式的一部分。哪些非谓语格式可以做主语？to do；doing to do 的用法：It be+adj+(for sb/of sb)+to do sth Tips:for sb 和 of sb 的区别：当 adj 形容 sb 的时候，用 of sb。当 adj 形容 to do sth 的时候，用 for sb。Eg.Its very important for us to reach destination tonight.Its very kind-hearted of them to do me a favor.另：当 adj 变成 no use/good；of little use/good;useless;not any use/good,句式中的 to do 就要变成doing。Eg.Its no good for you sitting too long.Its useless for me persuading him to accept our holiday plan.非谓语动词作宾语的格式是什么？to do；doing 非谓语作宾语研究的重点是什么？句子中谓语动词是什么，决定了宾语是用 to do 还是 doing。哪些动词后接不定式 to do？决心学会想希望；decide/determine;learn;want;expect;拒绝设法愿假装；refuse;manage;care;pretend;主动答应选计划；offer;promise;choose;plan;同意请求帮一帮；agree;beg/ask;help 哪些动词后接动名词 doing？考虑建议盼原谅；consider;advise/suggest;look forward to;excuse/pardon;承认推迟没法想；admit;put off/delay;fancy;避免错过继续练；avoid;miss;keep/keep on;practice;否认完成就欣赏；deny;finish;enjoy/appreciate;禁止想象才冒险；forbid;imagine;risk;不禁介意准逃亡。Cant help;mind;allow/permit;escape.词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 另外：be used to;lead to;devote to/apply to;go back to;stick to;object to;get down to;pay attention to;cant stand;give up;feel like;insist on;thank you for;apologize for;spend time（in）同样要接 doing 的格式。某些动词后可以双接 to do 和 doing 的格式，但是意义不同。这些动词是哪些？forget doing-forget to do:忘记做了与没做；remember doing-remember to do:记得做了与去做；regret doing-regret to do:后悔做了与遗憾没做；mean doing-mean to do:意味着做了与打算去做；cant help doing-cant help to do:禁不住做了与不能去做；try doing-try to do:试着做了与努力去做；关于 like；love；prefer 的规定；表示习惯性动作要用到 doing；表示具体性的动作要用到 to do。经典例句：I like dancing but I dont like to dance now.Tips：would/should like to do 为固定的格式，表示愿意做什么事；feel like doing 表示喜欢做什么 关于 allow/permit/forbid/advise 的规则 allow+doing +sb to do Eg.This area doesntt allow smoking!My boss allows me to be late today.表示“需要”怎么表达？need;require;want +to be done eg.This computer need sto be repaired.+doing eg.This computer requires repairing.+sb to do eg.My boss wants me to repair the computer.表示“值得”怎么表达？worth/worthy be worth doing/n.be worthy to be done/of doing eg.What you are doing is worth a good return.The book is worthy to be read.The book is worthy of reading.什么是前“do”后不“to”原则？词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 在“but”或者“other than”引导的句子中，当句子前半部分出现“do”后边的不定式省略“to”。Eg.We could do nothing but wait.We had no choice but to wait.Tips:可以省略不定式符号“to”的还有：cant choose but;cant help but;cant but;had better;would rather Eg.He cant choose but stay on.对于“how to do”的格式应该注意的问题：任何疑问词都适用于此格式，除了 why 之外。知识点 2：非谓语动词作宾语补足语，做定语，做状语的用法和规则 可以做宾语补足语的非谓语动词格式是什么？to do 和 done/doing 什么动词可以用不定式和分词作宾语补足语？感官动词和使役动词。感官动词（watch,see,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to）和使役动词“have”怎么来接宾语补足语？当宾语和宾补之间存在主动关系 若动作完成，就用 do；若动作未完成或者说正在进行，用 doing 当宾语和宾补之间存在被动关系 若动作完成，用 done；若动作未完成或者说正在进行，用 being done Eg.When I passed by the classroom I heard a little girl singing an English song.I saw a little girl stepped into a sports store.I had my hair cut.I had my car being repaired.使役动词“let”怎么接宾补？宾语与宾补之间为主动关系，用 do；Eg.Dont let your child play with the matches.宾语与宾补之间为被动关系，用 be done；Eg.Let the work be accomplished on time.“leave”做使役动词表示什么意思？让什么人或什么事处于状态。使役动词“leave”怎么接宾补？当宾语与宾补之间存在主动关系且动作正在进行：leave sb/sth doing Eg.Its wrong of you to leave the machine running.当宾语与宾补之间存在被动关系且动作完成：leave sth done Eg.The guests left most of the dishes untouched.词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 当宾语与宾补之间存在主动关系且表示将来的动作：leave sb to do Eg.He left,leaving me to do all the rest work.当宾语与宾补之间存在被动关系且表示将来：leave sth to be done Eg.We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many problems to be settled.“have”和“get”作为使役动词的用法是什么？have/get sth done：表示由别人去做 sth，sth 和 done 之间是一种被动且完成的状态。Eg.I had my hair cut.Tips:have sth done 表示的意思还有“遭受”的意味。Eg.Tom had his leg broken while playing score.have sb/sth doing 仍然表示由别人做什么，但是 sb/sth 与 do 之间表示的是主动且正在进行。get sth/sb doing 表示“开始做”eg.Our boss get us preparing the meeting of few days later today.Tips:not have sb doing 表示不能容忍别人做什么。Eg.I wont have you speaking like this to your dad.get sb to do:表示主动且将来 Eg.My parents have me to study abroad.不定式做定语的条件是什么？a.动作表将来，若动作与被修饰的名词之间是主动关系，用 to do；若动作与被修饰名词之间是被动关系，用 to be done。E.g.The car to be bought is for her sister.b.用于序数词，最高级或由“no，all，any”等限定的中心词。eg.He was the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to win the gold medal for her country.c.用于抽象性名词：ability;chance;idea;fact;excuse;promise;answer;reply;attempt;belief;way;reason;moment;time.分词作定语怎么用？被修饰名词与分词之间是主动关系：doing Ive never seen a more moving film.被修饰名词与分词之间是被动关系且完成：done Things lost never come again.被修饰名词与分词之间是被动且未完成：being done 词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 The apartment being built is for the young teachers.怎么区别 to be done，done，being done 作定语？它们都是在表达非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的被动关系，但是表达的时间不同。The question to be discussed at tomorrow s meeting is a very important one.The song being sung is very popular.Have you read the novel written by Dickens?哪些形式作状语？不定式和分词 不定式作状语表达的意思是什么？表示目的，从 in order to，so as to 而来：Helen had to shout to make her heard.表示结果，从 only to do 而来：He hurried to the station to find that the train had left.表示条件：To look at him,you would like him.表示程度，从 enough to 或者 too to 而来 Its too late to get it back.表示原因，只跟在表示情绪的形容词之后：Im sorry to hear about your failure.分词作定语的原则是什么？分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要保持一致；分词必须与主语存在逻辑上的主谓或者动宾关系。怎么样区别各种形式的分词？分词与主语之间是主谓关系，且与谓语动词同时发生doing Noticing her new hair style,her mother got angry.分词与主语之间是主谓关系，但是先于谓语动词发生having done Having noticed sign,he parked his car in the pointed zone.分词与主语之间是动宾关系done Given the chance,I will make a surprise.分词与主语之间是动宾关系，且与谓语动词同时发生being done Being stared by the audience,the blind singer showed his wonderful voice on stage.分词与主语之间是动宾关系但先于谓语动词发生-having been done Having been checked for several times,the paper is published finally.词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 三、典型例题 例题 1.The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A.produced B.being produced C.to be produced D.having been produced 难度分级：A 级 答案：C 解析：首先分析 film 与选项中 produce 之间的关系，被动，然后根据 next month 知道是将来的时间。例题 2._,you need to give all you have and try your best.A.Being a winner B.To be winner C.Be a winner D.Having been a winner 难度分级：B 级 答案：B 解析：放在句首考查非谓语动词做状语。从不定式开始，表示“为了”。为了完成工程，可以后半句的意义衔接。例题 3.All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information in a more effective way.A.presenting B.presented C.being presented D.present 难度分级：C 级 答案：A 解析：分析 workstation 与 present 展示之间的关系为主动。四、课堂搭配练习 A 级 1.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.A.to be heard B.to have heard C.hearing D.being heard 2.When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.A.training B.being training C.to have trained D.to be trained 3.There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay,so I wish you good luck.词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 A.being persuaded B.persuading C.to be persuaded D.to persuade 4.Nowadays people sometimes separated their waste to make it easier for it _.A.reusing B.reused C.reuses D.to be reused B 级 5._ the project in time,the staff were working at weekends.A.Completing B.Having completed C.To have completed D.To complete 6.the children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at 7.In order to improve English,_.A.Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B.Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself C.a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D.a lot of tapes were bought by Jennys father C 级 8.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects 9.Schools across China are expected to hire 5000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,_ reduce unemployment pressures.A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped 10.We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday.A.to be held B.held C.to holding D.holding 解法及答案：1.A.考查 struggle to do 的用法，继而分析，hear 和 I 之间是被动关系。2.D.放在句尾，考查非谓语动词做状语的格式，to be trained.表示为了被培训。3.D.考查 try to do 与 try doing 之间的区别。考查 I 和 persuade 之间的关系为主动。4.D.考查 it 所指代的 waste 与 reuse 之间的关系为被动，表将来。5.D.放在句首表示考查做状语。to complete the project 表示为了完成工程。6.B.考查 turn to 表示转向，而不是求助于。所以表示目的，“去看”。7.B.考查非谓语动词作状语，需要非谓语动词的逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，所以为了学好英语的主语应该是 Jenny。词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 8.B.考查 wh to do 的格式。9C.放在句尾，考查做状语的格式。to do 表示目的,“为了帮助减少失业压力”10.A.party.与 hold 之间为被动关系。同时 next Friday 提示用表示将来的格式。备注：此部分习题可在 X 计划题库系统中选择 五、课后作业 A 级 1.European football is played in 80 countries,_it the most popular sport in the world A.making B.makes C.made D.to make 2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 3.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_it more difficult.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.dont make 4.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the doctor _,“Sorry to miss you;will call later.”A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading 5.Iv worked with children before,so I know what _in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects 6.A computer does only what thinking people _.A.have it to B.nave it done C.have done it D.having it done 7.What worried the child most was _to visit his mother in the hospital.A.his not allowing B.his not being allowed C.his being not allowed D.having not been allowed 8.Cleaning woman in big cities usually get _by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay 9.Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared 10.He sent me an e-mail _to get further information.A.hoped B hoping C.to hope D.hope 词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 B 级 11._is 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A.Being rounded B It was founded C.Founded D.Founding 12.The _boy was last seen _near the East Lake.A.missing,playing B.missing,play C missed,played D missed,to play 13.Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A.having not been invited B.not having invited C.having not invited D not having been invited 14.Does your brother intend to study German?Yes,he intends _.A./B.to C.so D.that 15.He claimed _in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.A.being badly treated B.treating badly C.to be treated badly D.to have been badly treated 16.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule_.A.to never B never to be broken C.never to have broken D.never to be breaking 17.She asked me to help her,_that she couldnt move the heavy suitcase alone A.only to realize B.realizing C.having been realized D.realized 18.Robert is said _abroad,but I dont know the country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be study D to have been studying 19.Let me tell you something about the journalists.Dont you remember _me the story yesterday?A.told B.telling C.to tell D.to have told 20,There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing C 级 21.-Mum,why do you always make me eat an egg every day?-_enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A.Get B Getting C To get D.To be going 22.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the_.A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain C.remained 20 dollars D.remaining20 dollars 23.Will those _the children from abroad come to the headmasters office?词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点学习必备 欢迎下载 A.teaching B.teach C.who teaches D.who teaching 24.While building a tunnel though the mountains,_.A.an underground lake was discovered B.there was an underground lake discovered C.a lake was discovered underground D.the workers discovered an underground lake 25.I meant _,but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.A.to do B.to C.doing D doing to 26._more time,hell make a first-class tennis player.A.Having given B.To give C.Giving D.Given 27.-Do you have any letters _ today?-I had my son _it this morning.Thank you anyway.A.post,to post B.posting,post C.being posting,posted D.to be post,post 28.He went to American _some English as well as _.A.learning,to travel B.learning,traveling C.to learn,travel D.to learn,to travel 29.The party was a success,but we thought it a pity not _you.A.to invite B.to be inviting C.to have invited D.to be invited 30.When I handed the report to John,he said that George was the person_.A.to send B.for sending it C.to send it to D.for sending it to 答案：1-5 ACBDB 6-10 ABCBB 11-15 CADBD 16-20 BBABB 21-25 CDADB 26-30 DDDCC 备注：此部分习题可在 X 计划题库系统中选择 六、课后评价 本堂课我们主要学习了非谓语动词的使用，该生在课堂表现非常好，认真听课，积极和老师互动，已经可以区分哪些是非谓语动词，并知道如何使用，只是在做题的过程中由于单词量偏少，会影响准确率，所以建议在课后多背一些单词，上一堂课老师布置的作业完成的非常好，五道题做对了四道，希望老师这次布置的作业能全部做对，同时请把下堂课要学习的名词性从句的内容再预习一下。加油！备注：课后评价要包含“本节课主要内容概括”、“本节课学习态度”“知识掌握情况（通过课堂反馈题进行分析）”“需要注意哪些问题”及“上一次课后作业完成情况”“课后要完成两件事情：1、作业，2、预习”等六部分，内容多少老师自定，但需要语言真诚、体现学生实际情况，并且语言风格以鼓励为主，语气温和。词与谓语动词的区别能准确使用非谓语动词做定语和做状语的用法方法法通过复习谓语动词时态的格式引出非谓语的各种格式从而从根本上让过去分词作状语过去分词作宾语补足语备注知识点必须与计划中知识点