【课件】词义猜测课件+2023届高三英语二轮复习.pptx

词义猜测题词义猜测题Guessing Guessing MeaningMeaning from Contextfrom Context.Warming up and Lead-inContext Clues（上下文线索）（上下文线索）are _ that readers use to find _ of unknown words.What context clues are mentioned in the video?clues or hints meaning Definition定义定义Example举例举例Antonym反义反义Synonym近义近义.Context Cluessynonym 近义近义 Wuhan No.15 Middle school is famous and renowned for its long history.We are impressed by the Gothic architecture,a style of architecture which is most common in churches.definition 定义定义Its dining hall provides us with a variety of delicious cuisines,such as roasted beef,fried chicken and so on.example 举例举例Some students are shy and quiet,while others are vivacious.antonym 反义反义.ClassificationExample举例举例Definition定义定义Antonym反义反义butandcontrary to similarlyfor instancerefer tomean such asSynonym近义近义.Definition(2021年全国甲卷)Southbank is the center of British skateboarding（滑板）.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant dont worry about it.Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”And thats what mattered-landing tricks,being a good skater.What do the underlined words“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probably mean?A.Be careful!B.Well done!C.No way!D.Dont worry!Tip 1:pay attention to the signals of definitionmean,refer to attribute定语 or appositive同位语 dashes破折号 or colons冒号.ExampleTip 2:pay attention to the signals of examplesuch as,like,for example,for instance(2018年全国卷卷)In recent centuries,trade,industrialization,the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.Which of the following best explains“dominant”?AComplex.BAdvanced.CPowerful.DModern.SynonymTip 3:pay attention to the signals of synonymand,or,as well as,similarly（2022年全国乙卷）That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts.What does”maintenance”refer to?A.personnel safety B.assistance from drones C.inspection and repair D.construction of infrastructure.AntonymTip 4:pay attention to the signals of antonymbut,while,otherwise,unfortunately,contrary to(2020年新高考卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水 禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.What does the underlined word“decimate”mean?A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.2022年全国甲卷As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅)longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career(职业)as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,Ginni began to travel the world,eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego,the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.I just decided wanted to go,she says.I had no idea about what Id find there and I wasnt nervous,I just wanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.In March 2008,Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed never met before,to begin the journey towards Antarctica.From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,Ginni says.I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale;it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.Inference(推断推断)Tip 5:pay attention to the main idea of the whole passage or paragraph to infer the meaning2022年全国甲卷1.Whats the passage mainly about?A.Childhood dream.B.An unforgettable experience.C.Sailing around the world.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.2.Ginni had a deep love for _ and she finally reached_.2022年全国甲卷As Ginni reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little penguins longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career(职业)as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to take the plunge.travel Antarctica 2022年全国甲卷1.Whats the passage mainly about?A.Childhood dream.B.An unforgettable experience.C.Sailing around the world.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.2.Ginni had a deep love for _ and she finally reached_.3.When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to take the plunge.Which of the following best explains take the plunge?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring back lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.travel Antarctica(2020年山东卷)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）,its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits,the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began,each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state,the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test,in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case,she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.Call it the“Ill have what shes having”effect.However,well adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion,Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot,Ill follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim,why cant I?.Practice1.What is the recent study mainly about?A.Food safety.B.Movie viewership.C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behavior.2.What were the results of the experiments?They took significantly _(more/less)food when the actor was_(fat/thin).？.Practicemorethin(2020年山东卷)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）,its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits,the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began,each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state,the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test,in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case,she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.Call it the“Ill have what shes having”effect.However,well adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion,Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot,Ill follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim,why cant I?.Practice2020年山东卷 They took significantly more food when the actor was thin.According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）,its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.What does the underlined word“beanpoles”in paragraph 1 refer to?ABig eaters.BOverweight persons.CPicky eaters.DTall thin persons.Practiceinferenceantonym.ConsolidationInferenceDefinitionExampleAntonymSynonymIDEASWhat does“overwhelmed”mean?Before the kids,we had nothing to do.But now were overwhelmed.GameWhat does“humiliate”refer to?Dont humiliate me,mom.I feel worthless enough already!Homework：Finish the exercises in the college entrance examination IDEAS Read between and beyond lines!