新视野大学英语视听说教程_4_答案深圳大学.pdf

新 视 野 大 学 英 语 视 听 说 教 程 第 四 册 听 力 练 习 录 音 文 本 和 答 案 U nitlII.Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM:Im beside myself with joy.Im so lucky.Guess what?Tve won a litof money in the lottery.W:Yeah?Well,you do know that money is the root of all evil,right?Q：What does the woman mean?2.ScriptW:Mary was furious.Her son wrecked up her car.M：He shouldn,t have driven a car without a drivers license.Hes stilltaking driving lesson.Q：What do we know about Marys son?3.ScriptM:Susan,I hear youre going to marry that guy.Some people think youllregret it.W:Is that so?Only time tell.Q：What does the woman imply?4.ScriptM:Mary,I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mothers passing.I know how close you two were?W:Thank you.It was so sudden.TM still in a state of shock I dont knowwhat to do.Q：Which of following is true?5.ScriptW:I get furious at work when my opinions arent considered just becauseIm a woman.M:You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your voicebe heard.Q:What is the woman complaining about?Keys:1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.DIII.Listening InTask 1:Soft answers turn away wrath.Mary:Damn!Youre spilled red wine on me.My new dress is ruined.John:r m terrible sorry!What can I do to help?Heres some water towash it off.Mary:Stop splashing water on me!Oh,this is so embarrassing!Im a mess.John:Well,you do look a little upset.Please dont blow up.Dont lose yourcool.Mary:Hmm,youve got the nerve talking like that!Who shouldnt fly offthe handle?This dress cost a fortune.John:You look really cute when youre mad.I kid you not.Some peopledo look attractive when they are in a rage.Mary:This is very expensive dress.I saved for months to buy it,and nowifs ruined.Look at this stain!John:Accidents do happen.Give me your dress,and Fil take it to thecleaners.Mary:Sure!You want me to take it off right here in public and give itto you?I dont even know you!John:This might be a really goog time to get acquainted.Im John Owen.Mary:Mmm,at least youre polite.I guess I really shouldn,t have flaredup.After all,it was an accident.Im Mary Harvey.John:Come on.Ill take you home.You can change your clothes,and rilget the dress cleaned for you.Mary:Now youre talking.Thanks.Youre a real gentleman.John:Youd better believe it.Im glad to see that youve cooled down.Feel look a bite to eat afterward?Im starving.Mary:Ok.Youre pretty good.Im not nearly as mad.If you can get thisstain out,Ill be very happy.John:ril try my best.But if I can,t get the stain out,please dont letyour happiness turn to wrath.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the dialog?2.Why does the woman get angry?3.What does the man say to please the woman when she looks angry?4.Why does the woman say the man is a real gentleman?5.What is the mans final proposal?Keys:ID 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C1.What three factors make the woman angry?The man spilled red wine on her dress.Her dress was new and cost a fortune.2.What four steps does the man take to turn the womans fury into delight?First,he praises the woman,saying she looks cute and attractive.Then he offers to take thedress to the cleaners.Seeing the woman is not satisfied with that,he offers to take her home,where she can change her clothes,and then he will get the dress cleaned for her.Anally heinvites the woman to dinner by saying,Feel like a bite to eat afterward?Im starving.Task 2:Big John is coming!ScriptA bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender.This(SI)ownerof the establishm ent is giving his new hire some instructions on(S2)running the place.H e t e lls the timid man,“If you ever hear th at Big Johnis coming to town,(S3)drop everything and run for the h ills!Hes thebiggest,nastiest(S4)outlaw whos ever lived!A few weeks pass(S5)uneventfully.But one afternoon,a local cowhand comesrunning through town(S6)y elling,“Big John is coming!Run for your(S7)liv e s!”W hen the bartender leaves the bar to s ta r t running,he is knocked to theground by several townspeople rushing out of town.(S8)A s hes pickinghimself up,he sees a large man,almost seven feet ta ll.Hes muscular,and is growing as he approaches the bar.H e steps up to the door,orders the poor barkeep inside,and demands,Iwant a beer N O W!”H e strik e s his heavy fist on the bar,s p littin g i t in half.(S9)The bartendernervously hands the big man a beer,hands shaking.H e takes the beer,b ite sthe top of the b o ttle off,and downs the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar,the big man gets up to leave,“D o you want another beer?”the bartender asks in a trembling voice.“Dang it,I dont have time!”the big man yells,(S10)“I got to get outof lown!Dont you hear Big John is coming?”Task3:A View of HappinessS criptDr.Smith has proposed a reasonable,i f perhaps somewhat oversimplifies,viewof happiness.According to his theory,happiness might be described as asta te i f balance.And when human or certain animals achieve that balance,they rend to remain in that condition in order to repeat the happy feeling.To illustrate th is,w e may study two magnets.W hen th e ir positive and negativepoles meet,they are comfortably joined,and they remain there.In otherwords,they have attained a balance or sta te of happiness.If on the otherhand,one of the poles is reversed,and positive pole is presses againstpositive pole,there is resistance,in sta b ility,imbalance a sta te ofunhappiness.Animals with some degree of in tellig en ce seem to find happiness inreinforcement.Once they have gained one or more of th e ir goals such asfood,and water,they learn to repeat the actions th at led to sa tisfa c tio nof those goals.This repetition or reinforcement produces a sta te of balanceor sense of happiness.According to th is theory,only animals with a sig n ifican t capacity tolearn should be able to experience happiness.But in truth learning cantake place through surprisingly simple short-term action such asscratching an itch,followed by pleasure,followed by more scratching,and so on.Thus learning can occur with almost no conscious thought.For human beings,blessed with the a b ility to reason,goals are not limitedto the short-term satisfaction of needs.Indeed,there is a strong linkbetween happiness and the fulfillment of long-term goals.Even i f humanstriv e for goals that are more complex and longer-term than the animals9goals,once those goals are gained,happiness is reinforced.1.W h y does the speaker mention“magnets”?2.According to the passage,what may animals do a fte r they have got food?3.Which of the following is true according to the speaker?4.What does the speaker say is special about the goals of human beings?5.Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage?Keys:ID 2.C3.B 4.D 5.AHow are humans different from animals inreinforcing happiness?In the case of humans,there is a strong link between happiness and the fulfillment oflong-term goals.Even if humans strive for goals that are more complex and longer-term thanthe animals goals,once those goals are gained,happiness is reinforcedIV.Speaking OutMODEL 1 D o n t l e t it g e t t o y o u!Susan:You look so angry.What happened?Chris:Nothing Id rath er not talk about it.Just dont ask.Susan:Com e on.Relax.Talk to m e.Chris：All right.This morning I took m y car to the garage to check the a irconditioner.They only gave i t a quick look,r e fille d i l with someFreon,and charged m e 300bucks!Susan:N o wonder youre livid.Id be mad too if someone ripped m e offlike that.Chris:Yeah.And they were rude.They said I didnt know anything aboutcars,which I dont,but Ihey didnt have lo be b lu n t!Susan:Sounds like you got a raw d eal!Chris：Whats worse,as I was leaving,I herd then saying,Dont tru stthat guy.H e looks broke.M W hen I heard that,I almosl hi I ihe roof.Susan:Dont le t i t get to you.B etter ignore them.Chris:I agree.I did manage to keep m y cool.Susan:Well,the best thing you can do is to f ile a complaint with theConsume。Protection Agency.Chris:sounds like a good idea.M0DEL2 Um t o o d e p r e s s e d.S c r i p tSusan:Chris,I hear youve been down iu the dumps,so Ive come to cheeryou up.Chris:I f s not gong o work.Im too depressedSusan：Com e,on.Tell m e whats on your mind.Chris:Everything.M y g irlfrie n d le ft me;m y dog ran away;m y w allet wasstolen.Susan:Dont worry.Ill help you solve the biggest problem:finding youa new girlfriend.Chris：Forget it.Anyway,Im getting bad grades,and I was told that Idhave to repeat a lot of courses next year.When I heard that,I almostlost it.Susan:Look,relax,ril help you with those courses.Chris：Yeah,but I also have three weeks laundry to do.,and my room isa pigsty.Susan:Forget it.Youre on your own.Chris:Come,on.What are friends for?Susan:To keep you in high spirits;not to do your laundry.M0DEL3 You seem to be on top of the world.ScriptNora:Oh,hey,John!John:Hey!Nora:You seem to be on top of the world tonight.Whats up?John:Im so happy Im aboul to burst.Guess what?Nora:Youve got me.John:It might be true that misfortunes never come singly,but you canalso have a“double blessing”.And thafs what I had.Nora：You mean youve had two happy events in your life?John:Exactly.You know,I was strong in all subjects except physics.NowIve finally passed the test-the one I needed to qualify for a Bachelorsdegree.Nora：Congratulations!Youd failed it three times.Now wonder youre beaming.Whatsthe other good news?John：The multinational I was dong my field project at offered me a job at a good staringsalary.Nora:Wow,wonderful,simple wonderful.John:1 feel like celebrating.Shall we go to a bar?Nora:Why not?Now Your TurnTask 1S A M P L E D IA L O GA:You look furious.What happened?B:Nothing.Fd rather not talk about it.Just dont ask.A:Com e on.You shouldnt keep your feeling to yourself.You need to le t offsome stream.So,talk tome.B:All rig h t.This morning I went to a shop to buy a d ig ita l camera,Ionly need an ordinary one.I t is enough for m y tours in the summer vacation.Buy they persuaded m e to buy a professional camera,which cost three timesas much.A:But you were willing to buy for it.Anyway,i t must work better.B:You see,I know next to nothing about photography.So they simply trickedm e into buying an expensive one.A:N o wonder youre liv id with rage.Id be mad too i f I were robbed likethat.What are you going to do?B:I already went back to them and asked to exchange i t for a cheaper one.A：What did they say?B:O h,they were rude.They in sisted that they hadnt encouraged m e to buya professional camera,and that I bought it myself.A:Sounds like you got a raw d e al!B：Whafs worse,as I was leaving,I heard they say,“That guy looks broke.He shouldnthave bought any camera.*A:Dont le t i t get to you.B etter ignore th e ir rude remarks.B:I agree.I did manage to keep m y cool.A:Well,the best thing you can do is to f ile a complaint with the ConsumerProtection Agency.I f they talk to the shop,maybe they w ill give youa refund.B:Sounds too good to be true.V.L e fs TalkScriptHello,everyone.Today I invite you to join m e in an exploration o ff thecauses of depression.There ate many factors involved,but I believe somedeserve special attention.Heredity certain ly plays a role.The tendency to develop depression m aybe inherited;there is evidence that th is disorder m ay run in fam ilies.Physiology is another facto r related to depression.There may be changesor imbalances in chemicals which transm it information in the brain calledneurotransm itters.M any modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increaselevels of certain neurotransm itters so as to increase brain communication.While the causal relationship is unclear;it is known that antidepressantmedications do reliever certain symptoms of depression.Researchers also study psychological factors.They include the complexdevelopment of ones personality and how one has learned to cope withexternal environmental factors,such as stress.It is freeqently observed thatlow self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression.While it is not clear which is the cause and which is the effect,it isknown that sufferers who are able to make corrections to their thinkingpatterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.Another factor causing depression is ones early experiences.Events suchas the death of a parent,the divorce of the parents,neglect,chronicillness,and severe physical abuse can also increase the likelihood ofdepression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression.Job loss,financialdifficulties,long periods of unemployment,the loss of a spouse or otherfamily member,or other painful events may trigger depression.Long-termstress at home,work,or school can also be involved.It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering fromdepression experience increased anxiety which adds to the possibilityof their also becoming depressed.Depression-causingFactorsProblem Description SolutionHeredity It is inherited and run infamilies.Physiology changes or imbalances inchemicals calledneurotransmitters,whichtransmit information in thebrainAntidepressant drugsrelieve certainsymptoms ofdepression.PsychologicalFactorsLow self-esteem andself-defeating thinking areconnected with depression.Sufferers who makeccirection to theirthinking patterns canshow improved moodand self-esteem.Early Experiences Event like the death of aparent,the divorce ofparents,neglect,chronicillness,and severe physicalabuse can increase thelikelihood of depression.PresentExperiencesJob loss,financialdifficulties,long periods ofunemployment,the loss of aspouse or other familymember,or long-term stre ssmay trig g e r depression.Living withsomebody withdepressionThis causes increasedanxiety,which adds to thepossibility of th e ir alsobecoming depressed.VI.Further Listening and SpeakingTaskl:Reason and EmotionScriptEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason;s is suggested byphrase such as“appeal to emotions rath er than reason and dont le t youremotions take over”.Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences orthoughts which people may la te r regret or disagree with;but during anemotional state,they could not control th e ir actions.Thus,i t is generallybelieved th at one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is acontradiction between emotion and reason.However,recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a cleard istin c tio n between reason and emotion.Indeed,anger or fear can oftenbe thought of as an in stin c tiv e response to observed fact.The human mindpossesses many possible reactions to the external world.Those reactionscan lie on a continuum,with some of them involving the extreme of purein te lle c tu a l logic,which is often called cold”,and others involvingthe extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement,which iscalled“the heat of passion.The relation logic and emotion m erits carefulstudy.Passion,emotion,or feeling can reinforce an argument,event one basedprim arily on reason.This is especially true in religion or ideology,whichfrequently demands an all-o r-n o th in g reje ctio n or acceptance.In s