2022年高考英语（全国甲卷）真题详细解读及评析.docx

2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国甲卷）语篇总噫语篇语境话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A人与社会英国Co加疗的四家剧院应用文275 + 56阅读理解B人与自然凤头鹦鹉与人类二岁幼儿 在识别形状能力的对比说明文237 + 130 阅读理解C人与自我Ginni Bazlinton 的一次终 生难忘的南极之旅记叙文300 + 98 阅读理解D人与社会不同的人对悉尼发展过程 中不同文化冲突的见解夹叙夹议331 + 132 阅读七选五人与社会不同国家的餐桌礼仪说明文209 + 80完形填空人与自然作者因狗与男士相识、相 知和相爱记叙文249语法填空人与社会盲人男子徒步经历记叙文189 短文改错人与社会作者和父亲的关系记叙文104书面表达人与自然海洋保护征文比赛应用文100（左右）原文出处原文链接：语言知识重难点词kick-start v.最后一分钟才元成的；紧要关头的重难点词块fly the nest 独立生活；take the plunge 决定冒险尝试；leave an impressive on sb.给某人 留下印象；prehistoric creature史前生物；hit home使人豁然省悟写作句型These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. (Paragraph 1)句意：这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎她，并开始了吉妮永远不会忘记的旅程。When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge. (Paragraph 3)句意：当她从舞蹈中退休，她的儿子们最终独立生活的时候，她决定是时候冒险了。试题分析As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业)as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. "I just decided wanted to go J she says. "I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. "From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left animpression on me that no other place has J Ginni says. "I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.8. Which of the following best explains "take the plunge“ underlined in paragraph 2?B. Take a degree.D. Stick to a promise.A. Try challenging things.C. Bring back lost memories.9. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A. Lovely penguins.B. Beautiful scenery.C. A discount fare.D. A friend's invitation.10. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A. It could be a home for her.C. It should be well preserved.11 What is the text mainly about?A. A childhood dream.C. Sailing around the world.B. It should be easily accessible.D. It needs to be fully introduced.B. An unforgettable experience.D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.【答案】8. A 9.C10. C11. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探 险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）” 和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活户可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组taketheplunge与try challenging things“尝试有挑战性的事情噫思接近。故选A。【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands offTiera del Fuego.（正是在智利,她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛 附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船只厂可知，是一张折扣票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段"The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻 的感受之一。）“可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71 has had a deep love for travel.（今年 71 岁的吉 妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱厂及全文可知，文章主要介绍了 71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深 深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲 的旅程。由此可知，A childhood dream.（童年的梦想）能够概括文章主旨。故选A。语篇解读语篇类型夹叙夹议文主题语境人与社会社会与文化社会进步关键词 Sydney, Australia, Andrew Reynolds, change and progress, years主旨概要本文主要介绍了不同的人对悉尼发展过程中不同文化冲突的见解catamaran：双体船是一种多壳船艇，具有两个同等大小的平行船体。这是一种几何稳定 的船舶，其稳定性来自于其宽横梁，而不是像单体船那样来自压载龙骨。双体船通常比 同等长度的单体船具有更小的船体体积、更小的排水量和更浅的吃水深度。两个船体组 合起来的水动力阻力通常也比可比的单体船体小，需要更少的帆或发动机的推进功率。 与单体船相比，双体船在水面上的较宽姿态可以减少横倾和波浪引起的运动，并可以减百科知识少尾迹。语言知识重难点词pilot p.驾驶，领航重难点词块one after another 一个接一个；back and forth来回地Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.长难句分析这是一个主从复合句。其中主句部分是：Shirley Fitzgerald told me that-,宾语从句部分是:Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings 两个逗 号中间是同 位 i吾：the city s official historian。试题分析Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there - broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways he for a lunch break, I to explore the city."I'll miss these old boats J he said as we parted.“How do you mean?” I asked."Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords （口 号），and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. "Sydney is confused about itself,“ she said. "We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modem city or a traditional one. Ifs a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving （解决”'On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. "Many people say that we lack culture in this countryhe told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Sydney's striking architecture.C. The key to Sydney's development.13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?A. He goes to work by boat.C. He pilots catamarans well.B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.D. Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.B. He looks forward to a new life.D. He is attached to the old ferries.14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?A. It is losing its traditions.B. It should speed up its progress.C. It should expand its population.D. It is becoming more international.15. Which statement will the author probably agree with?A. A city can be young and old at the same time.B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.【答案】12.D13.D14. A 15. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段"Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. （20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口）”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city.（但是是港口造就了城市）“可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living.（30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子,他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生）”、第三段“I'll miss these old boats.（我会想念这些I日船的）''以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they9re not so elegant, and they,re not fun to pilot.（双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣）”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式 渡船。故选D项。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.（悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包 括许多最漂亮的建筑）”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. Iconsidered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.（另方面,同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点）”以及最后一段“He is right （他 说得没错）“可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。语篇类型说明文主题语境语篇解读人与社会社会与文化礼仪关键词主旨概要本文介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪dining etiquette, culture, chopstick Rules, Hands or Utensils, Making Requests语言知识重难点词重难点词块etiquette n.礼节；utensils n.餐具surprise sb. with.用让某人吃惊；put sth. down 放下某物；be parallel with 与平行；make requests提出请求；ask for要求；get caught doing sth.被发现做某事The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with 写作句型its foreign cultural practices.句意：你在任何一个国家待的时间越长，你就越能适应它的外国文化习俗。试题分析Important Things to Know When Dining OutCultural dining etiquette （礼节）might surprise you with some of its important rules. 16 Knowing sometips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick RulesThe way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.Hands or Utensils （餐具）In India and the Middle East, il's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 18, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch anyfood with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.Making Requests19. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like theirseasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 2。, the more comfortable you,ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.A. The more friends you make in your lifetimeThe more time you spend in any given countryB. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensilsDon't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurantC. Ifs a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plateNever stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use themD. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal【答案】16.D17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。【16题详解】根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out （外出就餐时要知道的重要事情）”可知，本文主要 介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D I"Don,t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant （不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误）”符合语境，其中"at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”, 同时弓 I 起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family no matter where you are in the world.（知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐 无论你在世界的哪个地方）"。故选D。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.（当 你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了）”可知, 此处讲述了 正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F 项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them （不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置）”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事 项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。【18题详解】根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils （餐具）”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.（在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭广 及下文“instead preferring to use their hands （相反更愿意使用他们的双手）“可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时 习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils （墨西哥人认为 用餐具吃饭是不合适的）”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。【19题详解】根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.（在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜 欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪）“可推知，在一些国家，用餐 时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G 项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal （吃 饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单厂符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很 平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。【20题详解】根据下文“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.（你就会对它的外国文化习 俗感到越舒服）”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+ 比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country （你在某个国家待的时间越长）”符合文意，引 出下文。故选B。完形填空解读阅读理解A篇解谈语篇解读语篇体裁应用文主题语境人与社会艺术评析剧院特色关键词 Theatres, Entertainment, St David's Hall, The Glee Club, Sherman Cymru, New Theatre主旨概要介绍了英国Cg“犷的四家剧院各自的特色加的夫(Cwd#)：又译作卡迪夫。英国西南部的重要港口和工业、服务业中心，威尔 士首府。位于布里斯托尔湾北岸，塔夫河口。城市人口 3461万(2011年)，临近威尔 士南部煤田。二十世纪初曾是世界最大的煤炭输出港。市内现代化街道、建筑物与旧式 街道、古老教堂并存。有国家博物馆、威尔士民族博物馆；城西有航空站。St David's Hall：屡获殊荣的威尔士国家音乐厅，内有2000个座位。还是一年一度的 Wales Proms的主办场地，适合流行，摇滚，民间，爵士等多种音乐会类型。百科知识1 。7M deal 也 Crfif In S'liWrU l»r»021门.足三CiTV CfhTtF © CanMfOk"CardiffArm»Ci,cirThe Glee Club：是一组现场喜剧、音乐和特别活动场所。我们是单口喜剧的发源地,经常有比尔的混合周末秀和大牌明星的个人秀巡回演出。我们还举办鼓舞人心的音乐演 唱会、口头交流活动以及歌舞表演和滑稽表演。©Sherman Cymru：谢尔曼剧院位于加的夫的国泰区。1973年，在加的夫大学的资助下, 它被建成了一个双厅场馆。You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 21 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 22. When I first dated Steve, I 23 hehad a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was 24 that he was an animal lover, I 25 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 26, the cat.The next week we 27 our dogs together.