2019-2020学年湖南师大附中高二（上）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

2019.2020学年湖南师大附中高二（上）期中英语试卷AWhen he was 22, Rob Stewart traveled the world for four years.He wanted to call attention to the mistreatment of sharks.His 2007 film, Shark water, documents the cruel practice of removing sharks* fins for money and leaving the animals to die.In his latest documentary, Revolution， Stewart takes on an even bigger challenge： climate change.The Canadian filmmaker says that climate change has harmed people and places everywhere： "It is stronger than any government or organization.If we educate people, they will make better decisions about protecting natural resources/According to a recent report on climate change, "The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have reduced, and sea levels have risen.'* These developments are endangering crops, wildlife, fish, and even people.Stewart says that the consequences of climate change will be unless people take action, especially young people. nItrs up to kids to be the moral compass （道德指南）of society, " he believes, nand say, 'Guys, this is not right .n,Many kids took action after seeing Shark water.Elementary school students in the Northern Mariana Islands, for example, got their local government to ban the sale of shark fins.Felix Finkbeiner, 17, from Germany is also part of the "revolution" to save the planet.In 2007, Felix started a youth group called Plant-for-the-Planet, whose motto is "Stop Talking.Start Planting.1' The group raises money to plant trees.So far, Plant-for-the-Planet has planted nearly 200 trees around the world.nFuture generations are the ones who will be suffering the most from inaction （无作为），“Felix says.His goal is to plant millions of additional trees.“When we started four years ago, *' Felix tells Stewart in Revolution, "we thought we had to save the polar bear.We thought we had to save the environment.But soon after, we found out that it's about our future, that we have to save our own future.'11. What did Rob Stewart attach importance to in terms of environment protection ? A. Traveling the world.B. Making effective policies.C. Educating the young.D. Making exciting films.2. Which of the following can best describe Felix Finkbeiner? A. Easy-going. B. Peace-loving. C. Far-sighted. D. Self-centered.3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the 4th paragraph? A. unpredictableB. can't be changed backC. improvedD. change directions用于非电气化火车线路，噪音低。）及第四段The only emissions （排放物）are water and steam.（唯一的排放物是水和蒸汽。）可知，新的氢动力火车具有低噪音的特点，且其唯一的排放物是 水和蒸汽，所以是环保的。故D项are environmentally friendly与原文语义相符。故选D。（4） A.标题判断题。通读全文，可知本文主要介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车的研制及其特点。 因此A项Worlds First Hydrogen Trains （世界上第一辆氢动力列车）为本文最佳标题。故选A。 本文是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车。做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进 行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。1115.【答案】F、E、G、B、C【解析】（1） F.文章衔接题。根据后文Here are a few simple steps.可知这里有几个简单的步骤。F 项：You can take specific steps to create healthier, more balanced relationsof technology.你可以采取特定的步骤来创建更健康、更平衡的技术关系。符合文意，故选F。（5） E.理解判断题。根据前文 This keeps you on track, moving steadily towards your goal.可知这让你保持在正轨上，朝着你的目标稳步前进。E项：You can apply that same logic to your smartphone usage.你可以把同样的逻辑应用到你的智能手机上。符合文意，故选Eo（6） G. 根据后文 You can also create a "call filter'* so that certain people's calls come through even if your phone is on "silent. n可知你还可以创建一个“callfilter11 ,这样即使你的手机处于“静音”状态，某些人的电话也能接通。"G项：Better yet , turn the volume on your phone down to zero or power down your phone complete.更好的办法是，把你手机的音量调到零或者关机。符合文意，故选G。（7） B.段落理解题。根据后文 For many couples and families, dinnertime is the only timeof the day when everyone is gathered together in one place Make dinner a special, sacred time without techie distractions.可知对许多夫妇和家庭来说，晚餐时间是一天中唯一的时间，所有人都聚集在一个地方，让晚餐 成为一个特殊的、神圣的时间，没有电子设备的干扰。B项：Make dinnertime a phone-free zone. 让晚餐时间成为一个没有手机的区域。符合文意，故选B。（5）C.理解判断题。根据后文 Do you seek out company, entertainment or inspiration ?可知你会寻找伙伴、娱乐还是灵感？ C项：Check in with yourself and see what you want.检查一下自己，看看你想要什么.符合文意。故选C。本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了很多人感觉”电话被淹没”，渴望智能手机不存在的”更简单 的时间”。就此作者给出了一些建议。关于七选五的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位 置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。1635.【答案】D、C、A、A、B、C、B、C A、B、D、B、A、D、C、D、A、D、B、C 【解析】(1) D.考查名词及语境理解。A.event事件；B.experience经历；C.mistake错误；D accident 事故。 根据下文 it crashed into a big tree, but his pant leg got caught underneath it可知，Bode Beirdneau的爸爸经历了一次意外事故，故答案为D。(2) C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dark黑暗的；B.wet湿的；Ccold冷的；D.sun太阳。根据常识 及下文six inches into the snow 可知，当时天气非常寒冷，故答案为C。(3) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.fun乐趣；B.trouble麻烦；C.lessons W; D.plans计划。根据语 境可知当时他们玩得正高兴，故答案为A。(4) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.stuck粘住，困住；B attacked攻击；C.destroyed破坏；D.broken打 破。约翰的车油门被一根小树枝卡住了，故答案为A。(5) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.succeeded成功；B.attempted试图;C.failed失败;D.stopped停 止。由于无法减速，约翰试图在车撞到大树前跳下车，故答案为B。(6) C.考查连词及语境理解。A.until直到；B.as随着；C.before在之前;D.since自从。由于无法减速，约翰试图在车撞到大树前跳下车，故答案为C。(7) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.dived跳水；Bsank下沉；C.struggled挣扎；D.cut切断。当他陷 进雪里六英寸时，他能判断出他的腿和肩膀都受伤了。故答案为B。(8) C.考查动词及语境理解。A.destroyed破坏；B.recovering恢复；C.injured受伤；D.missing丢 失。当他陷进雪里六英寸时，他能判断出他的腿和肩膀都受伤了。故答案为C。(9) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.dig挖；B.find发现；C.pick捡起；D.work工作。Bode急忙去 挖出他父亲，但约翰阻止了他，故答案为A。(10) B.考查连词及语境理解。A.or或者；B.nor而不；C.and而且；D.no不。他们既没有补给品 也没有手机，neithernor为固定搭配，故答案为B。(11) D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.Getover克服；B.Puton穿上；C.Takeoff起飞；D.Geton上 车。根据下文"Follow the road , and try to find help"可知，此处是爸爸让Bode骑上自己的雪地摩托车，故答案为D。(12) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑；B, ride骑；C.rest休息；D.wait等待。经过20分钟的 车程，Bode发现了一个旅游团，请导游用无线电求救。故答案为B。(13) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.begged请求；B.threatened威胁；C.ordered命令；D.forced强 迫。经过20分钟的车程，Bode发现了一个旅游团，请导游用无线电求救。故答案为A。(14) D.考查介词及语境理解。A.beyond超过；B.opposite在反面；C.around在周围；D.through通过。Bode领他们穿过白色的旷野，到他父亲那里，他父亲脸色苍白，痛苦不堪，故 答案为D。(15) C.考查名词及语境理解。A motorcycle摩托车;B, snowmobile雪地摩托车；C helicopter 直升机；D.ambulance救护车。在等待直升机将约翰空运到附近医院时，救援人员固定了他的腿。 故答案为C。(16) D.考查名词及语境理解。Apolice警察；B.tourists游客；Cfrefighters消防员；D.rescuers救 援人员。在等待直升机将约翰空运到附近医院时，救援人员固定了他的腿。故答案为D。(17) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.healed痊愈；B.changed改变;C.died死去；D.returned归还。 此处指John的腿已经痊愈了，故答案为A。(18) D.考查副词及语境理解。A.in no time马上;B.always总是；Cat times有时候；D.never绝 不。从那以后，父子俩从来没有忘记在旅途中带着带紧急按钮的对讲机，故答案为D。(19) B.考查名词及语境理解。A.skills技能；B, courage勇气;C, confusion困惑；D.kindness善 良。儿子的勇气和敏捷的思维使她把他看作一个成年人。故答案为B。(20) C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.speak up说出来;B.get up起床；C.stay up熬夜；D.cheer up 振奋起来。她让他晚上熬夜，因为”我相信他的判断;故答案为C。本文讲述了机智勇敢的小男孩BodeBeirdneau在爸爸遭遇事故后，沉重冷静，找到了救援人员， 顺利地帮爸爸摆脱了困境。近儿年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。 做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一 至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选 择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章， 检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。36.【答案】【小题1】latest【小题2 to see【小题3 being【小题4】was shot【小题5 as【小题6】when【小题 7 technical【小题 8 enriches【小题9】skills【小题10 and【解析】(1)latest.考查形容词最高级。根据前面weeks ago,结合此处句意：几周前，视频制作 人兼音乐家Justin Scholar在纽约时报广场的一块巨大的LED屏幕上发现了自己最新的作品，这让 他印象深刻。latest最近的，故答案为latest。(2) to see.考查动词不定式。句意：看到你的名字在灯光下，这有点像美国梦。用不定式作后置 定语，故答案为to see。(3) being,考查现在分词。句意:我从来没想过自己的名字有那么大。name和be是主动关系， 用现在分词作后置定语。故答案为being。(4) was shot,考查时态和语态。句意：视频在中国拍摄。根据语境可知用一般现在时，video与 shoot是被动关系，用被动语态。故答案为wasshot。(5) as.考查介词。句意：他把中国列为未来的目的地。as表示“作为”，故答案为as。(6) when.考查时间状语从句。句意：当他是纽约大学的学生时，于2015年通过一个海外留学项 目第一次去了上海。when引导时间状语从句，表示”的时候”，故答案为when。(7) technical.考查形容词。句意：在上海的这个学期里，电影和电视艺术师从技术艺术转向传统 艺术。technical art表示技术艺术，故答案为technical。(8) enriches.考查动词。句意：以一种东方美学的色彩丰富了他的艺术技巧。enrich使丰富，主语是前面整句话，是单数，故答案为enriches。(9) skills.考查名词复数。artistic skills表示艺术技巧。skill是可数名词,后面用名词复数,故答 案为 skillso(10) and.考查连词。句意：他也爱上了这个城市，在那里他吃了很多正宗的小笼包，或蒸肉包 子，凌晨3点走在街上感觉很安全。前后是并列关系，用and连接。故答案为and。本文主要介绍了纽约的视频制作人兼音乐家Justin Scholar在中国的成长经历和成就。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型， 语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。37 .【答案】Dear Mr.Doug,How have you been ? My school has recently started promoting waste sorting.(告知他学校开始实施垃 圾分类) Selective sorting of waste is definitely good for the planet.However, carrying our waste sorting effectively remains a challenge.【高分句型一(困惑)In the first place, most of the students do not realize the importance and necessity of waste sorting.They just throw the garbage randomly into the bins.In the second place, putting our discards into the right place can be confusing1高分句型二】Students have an insufficient knowledge of garbage classification.Additionally, improperly labeled recycling bins.For example, bins with ambiguous pictures and examples can make it even harder for us students to put waste in the right place.（存在的问题）Best,Li Hua【解析】 高分句型： However, carrying our waste sorting effectively remains a challenge. 翻译：然而，有效地实施垃圾分类仍然是一个挑战。分析：本句使用了 v-ing形式作主语。高分句型二：In the second place, putting our discards into the right place can be confusing.翻译：第二点，把垃圾放到正确的位置是非常不清楚的。分析：本句使用了 v-ing形式作主语。这是一篇提纲作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是 要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需 要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意 思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意 使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。38 .【答案】 Although underwater world is not silent, man-made sound is doing great harm to marine animal.（虽然水下世界不是无声的，但人为的声音对海洋动物造成了极大的危害）Important as underwater sound is to animals there, loud noises in the sea threatens their normal life.高分句型一（海洋中的巨大噪音威胁着海洋动物的正常生活）According to scientists' research, the survival rate of fish drops sharply under the influence of noise, whether loud or not.【高分句型二】（科学家的看 法）Thus, with the benefits of ocean to the environment and temperature, people must protect it rather than fight it.（总结）【解析】文章主要说明了虽然水下世界不是无声的，但人为的声音对海洋动物造成了极大的危害。 尽管水下声音对那里的动物很重要，但海洋中的巨大噪音威胁着它们的正常生活。根据科学家的 研究，在噪音的影响下，鱼的存活率急剧下降，不管噪音是大还是小。因此，随着海洋对环境和 温度的好处，人们必须保护它而不是对抗它。高分句型一：Important as underwater sound is to animals there, loud noises in the sea threatens their normal life.译文：尽管水下声音对那里的动物很重要，但海洋中的巨大噪音威胁着它们的正常生活。 分析：这句话使用as引导让步状语从句的倒装句。高分句型二： According to scientists1 research, the survival rate of fish drops sharply under the influence of noise, whether loud or not.译文：根据科学家的研究，在噪音的影响下，鱼类的存活率急剧下降，不管噪音是否很大。分析：这句话使用whetheror引导让步状语从句。概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概 要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原 句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对 文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的 概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章 整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅 读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。Limited to a narrow seat for hours with just a tiny bag of cookies and orange juice to comfort yourself, the last thing you feel like doing when you get off a plane is to wait around for your bags.The easy option when traveling has been to limit yourself to a carry-on suitcase and pray it fits in the overhead bin.Not only does it get you out of the airport faster but it's also free.Not any longer, however.Recently, some airlines are starting to charge for carry-on bags, and travelers aren't at all happy about it.Packing light might not be an option anymore when looking for tips to get the best airfare possible. Some smaller airlines such as Frontier and Spirit have always charged customers for carry-on bags, but now bigger name airlines, such as United, are starting to do it too.When you purchase a Basic Economy ticket through United you're not allowed a full-size carry-on bag unless you're a MileagePlus Premier member.Should you forget to check your bag before security and bring it all the way to the gate, not only will you pay the checked-bag fee, but you'll have to pay an additional $ 25 gate handling charge.Not the best way to start off a trip.Don't miss these additional things airlines don't want to tell you -but every flier should be aware of.You might assume that the new carry-on bag guidelines are due to space limitations in the overhead bins, but it has more to do with on-time rates. An airline expert told Vox that the biggest bottleneck when it comes to boarding is carry-on luggage.For every minute a plane isn't in the air, it's losing money.A delayed departure makes the flight crew look bad and passengers very angry.So, the next time you fly, plan to check your bag before security, pay a bit more for your ticket so you are allowed a carry-on, or try rolling a week s worth of clothes into a backpack, a still-allowed npersonal item."4. What does the first paragraph intend to convey? A. People feel comfortable when they are taking a flight.B. People are unwilling to wait for their bags after getting off the plane.C. People tend to choose the carry-on suitcases for convenience.D. People will no longer have the option for free carry-on suitcases.5. Which of the following is NOT the reason why more airlines begin to charge for carry-ons?A. Space limitations.B. Passengers support.C. On-time rates.D. Increasing budget.6. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Carry-on bags are affecting on-time rates.B. What should you do before taking a flight?C. Carry-on bags are increasing budget-busting delays.D. More Airlines are starting to charge for carry-on bags.The world's first hydrogen-powered trains have begun running in Germany.They began carrying passengers Monday in Germany's northern Lower Saxony state.The new train will run 100-kilometer trips and can travel up to 140 kilometers an hour.A French railroad company called Alstom built the two trains.Team in Germany and France cooperated on the project, which was supported by the German government.The new train model, called the Coradia iLint, signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel （柴油）trains.The Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified train lines with low levels of noise.It uses a process that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electrical power.If the system produces more energy than the train needs at that time, it can store the extra energy in batteries.The only emissions （排放物） are water and steam.A single tank of hydrogen can run a Coradia iLint train for about 1, 000 kilometers.This is very similar to the distance a diesel-powered train can run on with a single tank.Hydrogen-powered trains cost more than diesel trains to build.But Alstom officials say the operating costs are much lower.The company plans to provide another 14 Coradia iLint trains to Lower Saxony by 2021. The head of railroad operations in the area, Carmen Schwab, praised replacing diesel trains with hydrogen.She said the move was an important first step in using clean-burning technologies to reach climate protection goals.Officials say the area's many wind turbines （涡轮机）will produce part of the energy to create the hydrogen to power the trains.Alstom says several other European countries have also expressed interest in developing hydrogen train systems.France has already said it wants its first hydrogen train to be operating by 2022.7. Why did Germany build the new trains? A. To make traveling much easier.B. To carry more passengers.C. To replace diesel trains.D. To develop friendship with France.8. What is one advantage of the Coradia iLint? A. It run