上海市延安中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中线上教学质量评估英语试题.docx

2021学年第二学期延安中学线上教学质量评估高一英语第I卷(79分)I. Listening Comprehension (15%) Section A (5%)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you've heard.1. A. Their parents stopped financing their education.B. The man doesn't want another English course.C. They can't pay the rent this month.D. The woman's boss refused to give her a raise.2. A. $5. B. $ 10C. $45 D. $ 50.3. A. She'll be away for a while. B. She did well on the examination.C. She worked hard and made a big fortune. D. She didn't have to work hard for any exam.4. A. Hurry to the conference. B. Skip the conference.C. Take the subway. D. Take a bus.5. A. He is confident. B. He is worried. C. He is bored. D. He is angry.6. A. People's opinions about the movie vary.B. The man thinks the movie is not as good as he thought.C. You shouldn't believe everything you see.D. The woman wonders which newspaper the man is reading.7. A. He used to be a workman himself.8. He likes to do repairs and make things himself.9. He is professional builder.10. He paid workmen to decorate the house.B. A. He will change it and use it as a hotel.C. He will pull it down and build a new hotel.D. He will rent it out for use as a hotel.作完全虚拟化，g。是系动词，意为“变得”，后面应用形容词，virtual意为“虚拟的"，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：她对结果非常满意，她计划每年都重复这个过程。由上下文“She was so pleased with the results that she plans to the process every year.v可知，Jane对整形结果很满意，所以决定以后每年都做，plan to do sth.计划做某事，所以空处用动词原形，动词repeat意为“重复”，故选H。21题详解】考查名词。句意：经过数月的远程会面和社交聚会以及在屏幕上看到自己的面孔越来越多的人开始 关注自己身体的缺陷。由下文 “when she noticed a huge increase in consultations for cosmetic procedures（当时 她注意到整容手术的咨询量大幅增加）”可知，ShadiKourosh诊所重新开放后，咨询整容手术的人们大幅增 加，这说明疫情导致人们在屏幕上看到自己的不完美，开始关注自己的身体上缺陷，由此可知，空处表示 “缺陷”应用名词imperfection做宾语，且为可数名词，此处是泛指，应用复数形式，故选A。【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，随着面对面交流的回归，咨询请求并没有减缓。由下文"with the return to face-to-face interaction, consultation requests are not slowing down.v可知， 虽然人们可以面对面交流， 不再 视频会面，但是人们还是想改变自己的身体缺陷，这是令人很惊讶的，所以空处应用副词surprisingly修饰 整个句子，作状语，意为“令人惊讶地”，故选F。【23题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，心理学研究一直认为，长时间坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感。由上文“ Psychological studies have long associated time spent in front of the mirror with one's ” 可知， 心理学研 究认为，长时间坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感，空处做定语，修饰短语feelings of insecurity,动词 heighten（提高；增加）与feelings of insecurity（安全感）二者之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词heightened 做定语，意为“增加的"，故选J。【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：面前的相机，由于它们的近距离聚焦，会扭曲人们的外表，使眼睛看起来更小，鼻子看起 来更大。由上文“with their close"可知，相机的近距离聚焦会扭曲人们的外表，所以空处表示“聚焦”应 用名词focus做宾语，且为不可数名词，故选G。【25题详解】 考查副词。句意：做整容手术的医生都知道，近年来，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，使身体变形 现象日益恶化。由下文 worsened in recent years by retouched （润饰的）celebrity photos or, even more recently, by social media filters"可知，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，使身体变形现象日益恶化，空处应用 副词修饰动词worsened（恶化；变坏），意为“不断增加地”，应用increasingly,故选修【26题详解】考查名词。句意:畸形恐惧症是个骗局，因为人们没有意识到视频通话会造成失真。由上文“Front-facing cameras, with their close, can distort （使失真）people's appearance,可知，视频通话会造成失真，所以空处应用名词distortion（失真）做宾语，且此处为不可数名词，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意:Jane的感情很复杂。由下文“It feels juvenile （幼稚的）as a 40-year-old women to think about my looks like a teenager. There9re bigger problems in the world” 可知，Jane 的感情很复杂，因为她看到 自己在屏幕上不那么好看想整形，但是她又认为自己很幼稚，空处应用形容词mixed做定语，修饰名词 feelings,意为“复杂的”，故选K。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：“但是解决我对自己外表的焦虑可能会引发一种不安全感，”她说。由下文"It feels juvenile （幼稚的）as a 40-year-old women to think about my looks like a teenager” 可知，Jane 认为自己整形很幼稚，虽 然整形能解决自己对外表的焦虑，但是会引发一种不安全感，be likely to do意为“可能做某事”，所以空处 应用动词原形spark,意为“引起”，故选E。IL Reading Comprehension （36%） Section A （15%）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.My past students are starting to organize a scientific conference for my 60th birthday to be held about a year from now. Their gesture reminded me of Rabbi Hanina's words: "I have learned much from my teachers, more from my colleagues and the most from my students.”We all started as students. Just as kids bump into things as they're learning to 29 the world, many of us have scars from early encounters with our mentors. 30 arise when those mentors attempt to establish their authority by trying to make us respect traditional thinking. Memories of these events should encourage us to do better as we 31 roles and mentor others later in life.For example, the first advice I received from my postdoctoral mentor was to develop specialized skills and focus them on a 32 field, where I would establish myself as the world expert 33,1 decided notto follow this advice as soon as I recognized by drilling down narrowly, one often fails to make further progress. In these situations, the potential for a 34 improves with a broader and more flexible perspective, which enables “out of the box“ opportunities for drilling deeper around it.Keeping this in mind, I encourage my students to think broadly and 35 about the most exciting problems in astronomy, such as: “What happened before the big bang?" "What will happen in our distant cosmic future?; “What is the nature of dark matter?”; or “When did life start in the universe?It is customary to consider a student's raw potential as a stand-alone commodity whose value can be 36 through examinations. But my experience taught me that young scientists do not blossom into exceptional researchers 37 they are supported by encouraging words and inspiration; these ingredients are as 38 as nutrition and water are for seeds of flowers.39 the initial belief in the potential ofa student to become a successful scientist, this outcome may not come true.As chair of the Harvard astronomy department for almost a decade, I witnessed many examples of students who were initially very slow to make progress but blossomed academically as soon as they selected a different advisor and a new topic for their Ph. D. A good mentor 40 the strengths of the men tee. As a result, asuccessful mentoring experience often reflects a good 41 between a fledgling（新手的）scientist and anadvisor. They should both be congratulated for their shared academic DNA.On the one hand, mentors get a kick from Oscar Wilde's insight: "Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. But on the other hand, they should allow students to break free from the 42 path with creativity. Therule of thumb is to give young scholars just enough space to explore freely and learn from their 43without damaging the direction of their future careers. The learning curves could be steep; some of my 50 students over the past few decades started slow but eventually rose to the greatest heights. Patience is key.29.A.processB.exploreC.reformD.include30.A.ConflictsB.NegotiationsC.ApprovalsD.Mysteries31.A.playB.denyC.accessD.change32.A.commercialB.strangeC.narrowD.broad33.A.ThereforeB.AdditionallyC.HoweverD.Consequently34.A.failureB.obligationC.ignoranceD.breakthrough35.A.independentlyB.mutuallyC.temporarilyD.undoubtedly36.A.embracedB.evaluatedC.containedD.imposed37.A.ifB.lestC.whileD.unless38.A.crucialB.elaborateC.unpredictableD.inaccessible39.A.WithinB.GivenC.WithoutD.Due to40.A.spotsB.hidesC.appliesD.recalls41.A.argumentB.interactionC.criticismD.interview42.A.beatenB.brokenC.chaoticD.fresh43.A.mentorsB.imitationsC.fortuneD.mistakes【2943题答案】【答案】29.B30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39.C 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. D【解析】【导语这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，作为导师，要对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语， 给予他们灵感的支持，并允许他们用创造力打破常规，且在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下，让他们自 由探索，从错误中吸取教训。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像孩子们在学习探索世界的过程中偶然遇到一些事情一样，我们中的许多人， 在与导师的初次接触中都会碰壁。A. process处理；B. explore探索；C. reform改革；D. include包括。由上 文 “Just as kids bump into things as they're learning to” 可知,孩子们是学习探索世界,故选 B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那些导师试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现。A. Conflicts 冲突；B. Negotiations 商谈；C. Approvals 批准；D. Mysteries 神秘的事物。由上文 “many of us have scars from early encounters with our mentorsn和下文 “arise when those mentors attempt to establish their authority by trying to make us respect traditional thinking.”可知，初次和导师见面可能会碰壁,而当那些导师 试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些事件的记忆应该鼓励我们做得更好，因为我们改变了角色，并在以后的生活 中指导他人。A. play 扮演;B. deny 否认；C. access 接近;D. change 改变。由下文 u mentor others later in life 可知，我们由学生变成导师，这是角色的改变，故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我从我的博士后导师那里得到的第一个建议就是发展专业技能，并将它 们集中在一个狭窄的领域，在这样的领域中我将建立自己作为世界专家的地位。A. commercial商业的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. narrow 狭窄的；D. broad 广泛的。由下文 “I decided not to follow this advice as soon as I recognized by drilling down narrowly, one often fails to make further progress.（我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我 认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有取得进一步的进展。）”可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，因为作 者认为狭隘地深入研究不会取得进步，由此可知，作者的博士后导师建议作者在一个狭窄的领域进行研究， 故选C。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有 取得进一步的进展。A .Therefore因此；B. Additionally此外；C.However然而；D. Consequently结果。由下 文u I decided not to follow this advice v可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，所以前后是转折关系，应用however, 故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些情况下，突破的可能性随着更广泛和更灵活的视角而提高，这使得“打破 常规”的机会能够钻得更深。A. failure失败；B.obligation责任；义务;C.ignorance忽略;D. breakthrough 突破。由下文 which enables "out of the box,9 opportunities for drilling deeper around it/?可知，打破常规即是 一种突破，故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：记住这一点，我鼓励我的学生们对天文学中最令人兴奋的问题，进行广泛而独立 的思考，比如："宇宙大爆炸之前发生了什么？" A. independently独立地；B. mutually互相地；C. temporarily 暂时地；D. undoubtedly 毋庸置疑地。由上文“I encourage my students to think broadly and” 可知，作者鼓励 自己的学生进行广泛而独立的思考，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：习惯上认为学生的原始潜力是一种独立的商品，其价值可以通过考试来评估。A. embraced 拥抱；欣然接受；B. evaluated 评估；C. contained 包含；D. imposed 强加于。由下文 “through examinations.”可知，考试能评估学生的原始潜力价值，故选B。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞 人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A.if如果；B. lest以免; C. while 当时候;然而；D. unless 除非。由下文“ they are supported by encouraging words and inspiration ”可知，作者认为年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持，此处 是条件状语从句，应用unless来引导，故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓 舞人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A. crucial决定性的； 至关重要的；B.elaborate复杂的；C.unpredictable不可预知的；D.inaccessible难以接近的。由上下文“these ingredients are as 10 as nutrition and water are for seeds of flowers. ” 可知，作者认为对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语，给他们灵感的支持，这很至关重要，这就像营养和水对花来说是不可或缺的一样，故选Ao【39题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果最初不相信学生有成为成功科学家的潜力，这个结果可能不会实现。A. Within在之内；B. Given 考虑到；C. Without 没有；D. Due to 由于。由下文"the initial belief in the potential ofa student to become a successful scientist, this outcome may not come true.v可知，如果最初不相信学生有成为 成功科学家的潜力，那么学生不可能成为成功的科学家，故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的导师能发现学员的长处。A. spots发现；看到；B. hides隐藏；C. applies 应用； D. recalls 回想。 由上文 “I witnessed many examples of students who were initially very slow to make progress but blossomed academically as soon as they selected a different advisor and a new topic for their Ph. D.（我 见过很多学生的例子，他们一开始进步很慢，但是一旦他们选择了一个不同的导师和一个新的博士课题，他 们在学术上就成功了）”和空前空后“ A good mentor 12 the strengths of the mentee.可知，好的导师能使学生取得成功，是因为他能发现学生身上的长处，故选A。41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，一次成功的指导经验往往反映了一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的 良好互动。A. argument争论；B.interaction互动；交流；C.criticism批评；D.interview采访；面试。由下文 “They should both be congratulated for their shared academic DNA.（他们都有共同的学术基因，值得祝贺。）”可知，此处指一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的良好互动，故选B。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但另一方面，他们应该允许学生用创造力打破常规。A. beaten踏平的；被击败 的；B. broken 损坏的；C. chaotic 混乱的；D. fresh 新鲜的。由上下文“they should allow students to break free from the 14 path with creativity.n可知，导师学生应该学生用创造力打破常规，beaten path固定搭配，意为“常规”，故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验法则是给予年轻学者足够的空间，在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下， 让他们自由探索，从错误中吸取教训。A. mentors导师；B.imitations模仿；C.fortune好运;D.mistakes错 误。由上文“explore freely and learn from their”可知，导师要让学生自由探索，然后从错误中吸取教训，故 选D。Section B （15%）Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You may have heard of a Japanese TV show called PUI PUI MOLCAR. The show features cute guinea pig cars getting into all sorts of crazy situations. In addition to the charming characters, people love the show's quirky style of animation, which is known as stop motion, and it's a technique with a long and interesting history.In a stop-motion film, the characters are represented by models, puppets, or toys. The animator arranges them in the desired position, takes a photograph, adjusts each objecfs position slightly, takes another photo, and repeats the process. When all these photos are arranged in sequence, the objects appear to be moving. The first use of this technique was in a short film called The Humpty Dumpty Circus in 1898.In early Hollywood, film directors began to blend stop-motion with live action to create (at the time) jawdropping special effects. For example, the 1925 fantasy film The Lost World featured scary stop-motion dinosaurs chasing real actors. Indeed, the brains behind those revolutionary techniques, the animator Willis O'Brien, would go on to create perhaps the world's most famous stop-motion monster-the giant gorilla in 1933's King Kong.By the 1990s, stop-motion was being used in everything, including movies, TV advertisements, and music videos. Programs like the Swiss claymation series Pingu charmed audiences with their endearing characters and style. Then suddenly, everything changed. Computer-generated images (CGI) with special effects began to really take off. Directors were eager to explore the possibilities of this cutting-edge technology and quickly gavestop motion the bootAnd although several outstanding stop-motion movies were released in the "90s (The Nightmare before Christmas, fbr example), it was Pixar's 3-D animated hit Toy Story that would become the decade9s defining animated movie.For more than 10 years, stop-motion mostly fell out of fashion. By the late 2000s, however, audiences were becoming tired of the look and feel of CGI. Today, stop-motion movies are once again making waves. TV series like Shaun the Sheep are popular all over the world. Films like The Lego Movie even use CGI to imitate stopmotion animation. One studio in particular, Laika, has created five stop-motion pictures since 2009, all of which were nominated for Best Animated Feature at the Oscars.44. A stop-motion film is made by.A. creating stop-motion effects based on video clips of real humansB. arranging photos of slightly different positions in orderC. taking photographs of various characters randomlyD. using computer techniques to create moving objects45. Which of the followin