初一英语上册知识点归纳总结【通用10篇】_1.docx

初一英语上册知识点归纳总结【通用10篇】 要想取得好的学习成绩，必须要有良好的学习习惯初一上册英语知识点 篇一 一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写 要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。 二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。记忆口诀： 我用am, 你用are, is用于他、她、它;单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。 三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格) 1、三种人称：第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。 2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。 3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。 4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。 5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。 6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。 四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数) zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。 五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 1、一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。 2、特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。 六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化： (1)一般情况直接在词尾加-s ，如：cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等； (2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，要在词尾加-es ，如：bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等； (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加-es ，如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等； (4)部分以f (e)结尾的词，变f (e)为ves ，如：knife-knives, half-halves等； (5)以o结尾的词，加-s 或-es ，如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀：除了英雄hero外，凡是能吃的，加-es ，不能吃的加-s 。 2、不规则变化： (1)改变单数名词中的元音字母：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等； (2)单、复同形：sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等； (3)其他形式：mouse-mice, child-children等。 七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则 最基本构成：主语+谓语+宾语，其中谓语由动词来充当。 主谓一致原则，就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称三单)时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式；当主语非三单时，谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变三单的规则如下： (1)一般动词在词尾加-s ，如：like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等； (2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加-es ，如：guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等； (3)以o结尾的动词一般加-es ，如：do-does, go-goes等； (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-而是，如：fly-flies, carry-carries等； (5)have的三单形式是has。 八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词) 冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。 1、定冠词the表示特指，可译为这个、那个、这些、那些。 2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是一个。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前，a则英语非元音开头的单词前。 3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是：不定冠词不是刻意强调数量，而基数词则强调数量。 九、助动词(do, does )的用法 只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例： (1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词，只涉及主谓一致原则。 eg : I like English a lot. Michael likes Chinese food very much. (2)当句子为否定句时，要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词：当主语为三单时，要使用does;当主语为非三单时，用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句： Kangkang likes math.-Kangkang doesnt like math. They like sports.-They dont like sports. (3)当句子变疑问句时，同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句： Michael likes Chinese Food.-Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt. Jane and Helen like music.-Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they dont. 十、名词所有格 1、Kangkangs books;Tom and Helens desk; Anns and Marias bikes; 2、用of表示.的，但要从of后往of前翻译：a book of mine(我的一本书) 3、have与of的区别： have一般表示主动拥有，往往用于有生命的人或动物；无生命的物体一般不能主动拥有，表示所属关系时要用of。例如： I have a new bike. She has two big eyes. a door of the house 初一上册英语知识点 篇二 1、Unit 1 -Unit 2 (1)问候语： Good morning/ afternoon/ evening. How are you?-Just OK, thank you. How are you?-Not bad, thanks. Hi! Hello! How do you do? (2)道别用语： Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面，see用于熟人间) Nice to meet/ see you, too. Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night! (3)介绍人或者物的句型：This is. (4)Excuse me.与Im sorry.的区别： Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意，而Im sorry.则是向对方道歉。 (5)词组be from = come from (6)当问句中问到this/ that时，回答要用it;问到these/ those时，要用they来回答。 例如： Whats this in English?-Its an eraser. What are those?-They are books. (7)对Thanks.的回答：Thats OK./ Youre welcome./ My pleasur. (8)look the same = have the same looks give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth. be like = look like in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on，否则用in) in red(穿着红色的衣服) in the desk(在空间范围之内) in English(用英语) help sb. do sth. (9)both与all的区别： both表示两者都。;all表示三者及以上都。 2、Unit 3-Unit 4 (1)speak的用法 speak与say不同：speak表示说的动作，不表示说的内容；say则表示说的内容。 speak后面除了能接语言外，不能直接接东西，后面加了to则表示对。说。 help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习。) want to do sth.(想要做某事) would like to do sth. not.at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意) like.a lot = like.very much (2)some和any的区别： 口诀：some用于肯定句，否定、疑问变any。例如： I have some money. I dont have any money. Do you have any money? (3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐) (4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子) 祈使句一般都省略了主语You，所以其否定句直接用Dont开头。例如： Dont go there! (5)问职业： What does sb. do? What is sb.? Whats sb.s job? (6)work与job的区别： work是未必有报酬的工作，例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的工作。 (7)on指在物体的表面，不论这个面是否水平的，例如： on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground (8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里) look after(照料/照顾/照看) help oneself(请自便/随便吃) (9)表示建议的句型：做某事如何？ What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语) How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语) Why dont you do sth.? = Why not do sth.? (10)吃一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper have.for breakfast/ lunch/ supper take ones order be kind to sb. (11)try on这个词组可合可分：名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面，但代词只能放在词组的中间。 (12)在口语中往往用take表示买。 (13)how many与how much的区别： how many + 可数名词；how much + 不可数名词 (14)What do you think of.? 是询问对方对某事物的看法； How do you like.? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。 think about(考虑) Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙，也要礼貌道谢) Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词，不能单独使用。) (15)one与it的区别： 当上下文说的是同一种类事物时，任意一个可以用one来代替；如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如： Ann ：I have a yellow bag. Jane ：I have a green one. Tom ： Hey, Mike. Where is your bike? Mike ： Look, its over there. (16)倒装句 Here you are. Here it is. (17)be free (有空/免费) forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事) forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事) Whats up? = Whats wrong with.? = Whats the matter with.? (18)go + v.-ing结构的含义：为了实现某目的才去的。例如： go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等 (19)have to do sth.(非主观因素，强调客观因素，不得不去做某事) must 则表示主观愿望 (20)fly a kite = fly kites be free = have time (21)句型该干某事了。：Its time to do sth. = Its time for sth. 例如：该吃午饭了。 Its time to have lunch. = Its time for lunch. (22)时间的表述 当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时，用分钟past小时。例如： 8：23-twenty-three past eight 当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时，用剩余的时间to下一个整点。例如： 8：49-eleven to nine 当然，还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间，例如： 8：23-eight twenty-three; 8:49-eight forty-nine 整点则在数词后加-oclock，例如：8：00-eight oclock 在钟点前介词要用at. 初一英语上册知识点汇总 篇三 I.重点句型 Good morning/afternoon/evening. Good morning/afternoon/evening. How are you? Im fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks. Whats this in English? Its a map. Its V. Spell it please. K-E-Y. What color is it/the key? Its blue. The key is yellow. Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric. Unit 1 My name is Gina. I.重点句型 Whats your name? My name is Jenny. /Im Jenny. /Jenny. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you , too. Whats his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny. Whats her name? Her name is Linda. Linda. Whats your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack. Whats your last/family name? My last/family name is Green. Its Green. Whats your/his/her phone number? My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /Its 281-9176. II.词组 1 names=name is 名字是 2 Im=I am 我是 3 shes=she is 她是 hes=he is 他是 youre =you are 你是(复数形式) theyre=they are 他(她；它)们是 thats=that is 那是 isnt=is not 不是(单数形式) hes not =he is not=he isnt 他不是 whats=what is 什么是 wheres=where is 在哪儿是 Lets=Let us 让我们 4 Nice to meet/see you 见到你很高兴 5 last name=family name=surname 姓氏 6 first name = given name 名字 7 telephone number 电话号码 =phone number 电话号码 8 ID card 身份证 9 Good morning (to sb) 早上好 10 Good afternoon 下午好 11 Good night /evening . 晚上好 12 Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please. 请坐 13 Thats all right. 好；行；不用谢；没关系 Thats right . 对的、正确的 All right . 好的，行，好吧 14 Not at all.=Its a/my pleasure.=Thats OK. =Youre welcome.=Thats all right. 不用谢 Unit 2 Is this your pencil? I.重点句型 Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isnt . Its his backpack. This/That is my eraser. How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N. Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone # 235-7865. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. II.词组 1 pencil case 铅笔盒 2 pencil sharpener 卷笔刀 3 pen pal =pen friend 笔友 4 Thank you. =Thanks . 谢谢你 5 in English 用英语 6 computer game(s) 电子游戏 7 Lost and Found 失物招领 8 a set of 一副；一套 a set of keys 一串钥匙 9 whos=who is 谁是 11 its=it is 它是 12 look at 朝看 13 ball-point pen 圆珠笔 14 call sb at+电话号码 打电话给某人 15 gold ring 金戒指 16 school ID card 校卡 17 See you later.=See you soon . 再见 初一英语上册知识点归纳 篇四 1、动词的种类(四类) 系动词如be(is am are);情态动词如can 、may、need;助动词( do does);行为动词如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等 2、动词的第三人称单数(与名词的复数一样) 如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is) 3、动词的时态(一般现在时) ( 1)含有系动词的 Im a Chinese boy . She is twelve . He is Tims brother . Her mother is an English teacher . 含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，上面句子变成一般疑问句时分别为 Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人称通常变为第二人称) Is she twelve ? Is he Tims brother ? Is her mother an English teacher ? 含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为 Im not a Chinese boy. She isnt twelve . He is not Tims btother . Her mother isnt an English teacher . (2)含有情态动词的句子( can ), She can play basketball. His mothers cousin can sing many English songs. 含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为 Can she play basketball ? Can his mothers cousin sing many English songs ? 含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为 She can not play basketball . His mothers cousin can not sing many English songs . (3)含有行为动词的句子 We have many friends. They watch TV at 7 in the evening . The students take their books to school . I have lunch at school . You have a sister . 1含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为 Do you have many friends ? Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ? Do the students take their books to school ? Do you have lunch at school ? Do you have a sister ? 2含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加dont .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为 We dont have many friends. They dont watch TV at 7 in the evening . The students dont take their books to school . I dont have lunch at school . You dont have a sister . 3含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如： She has a red pen . He has eggs for breakfast . Her mother buys a skirt for her . She likes thrillers . My brother watches TV every evening . He wants to go to a movie . 含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同时行为动词要还原” 17