英语中考重点句型、短语大盘点.pdf

短语、词组归纳由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：一、动词+介词1.look at看，look 1 ike.看上去像.,look after照料2.listen to听.3.we 1 come to欢迎至|.4.say hello to 向.问好5.speak to对.说话此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A.动 词(vt.)+副词1.put on 穿上 2.take off 脱下 3.write down 记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。B.动 词(vi)+副词。e on 赶快 2.get up 起床 3.go home 回家e in 进来 5.sit down 坐下 6.stand up 起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.look the same 3.go to work/class4.be i 11 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper7.l o o k yo un g 8.g o sh o p p i n g 9.wa tc h T V/g a m e s1 0.p l a y g a m e s 介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现 将Un i tsl T 6 常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。L i n+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。2.i n +R o w/T e a m/C l a ss/G ra d e 等,表 示“在.排/队/班级/年级”等。3.i n th e m o rn i n g/a f te rn o o n/e ve n i n g/表示在上午/下午/傍晚等一段时间。4.i n th e d e sk/p e n c i 1-b o x/b e d ro o m 等 表 示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5.i n th e tre e 表 示“在 树 上（非树本身所有）；o n th e tre e 表 示“在树上（为树本身所有）”。6.i n th e wa l l 表 示“在 墙 上（凹陷进去）；o n th e wa l l 表 示“在 墙 上（指墙的表面）”。7.a t wo rk （在工作）/a t sc h o o l （上学）/a t h o m e （在家）应注意此类短语中无th e.8.a t+时刻表示钟点。9.l i k e th i s/th a t表示方式，意 为“像 这/那样”。1 0.o f 短语表示所属关系。1 1.b e h i n d/b e si d e/n e a r/un d e r+名词等，表示方位、处所。1 2.f ro m 与 to 多表示方向，前 者 意 为“从”，后 者 意 为“到另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：o n d uty,a f te r b re a k f a st,a t n i g h t,at the door,in the middle,in the sky,on one s bike 等。重点句型大回放1.I think意 为“我认为”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don，t think.,2.give sth.to sb./give sb.sth.意 为 把.给.，动词 give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用giveit/them to sb.3.take sb./sth.to意 为 把.(送)带到.”,后常接地点，也可接人。4.One.,the other./One is.and one is 意为 一个是.;另一个是”，必须是两者中。5.Let sb.do sth.意 为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为 Don,t let sb,do sth.,或 Let sb.not do sth.另外，Lefs 与 Let u s 的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，6.help sb.(to)do sth./help sb.with sth.意 为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.7.What about.?/How about.?意 为“怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。8.If s time to do./If s time for sth.意 为“该做.的时间 了”,其 中 to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。9.1 ike to do sth./like doing sth.意 为“喜欢做某事“，前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，10.ask sb.(not)to do sth.意 为“让某人(不要)做某事，其 中 ask sb.后应接动词不定式，11.show sb.sth./show sth.to d o.意 为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。12.introduce sb.to s b.意 为“把某人介绍给另一人；introduce to sb.则 是“向某人作介绍”。重点短语快速复习1.kinds o f 各种各样的2.eitheror或者.或者.,不是.就是3.neithernor既不.也不.4.Chinese tea without,anything in it 中国清茶5.take a seat 就坐6.home cooking 家常做法7.be famous for 因.而著名8.on ones way to 在.途中9.be sick/i 11 in hospital 生病住院10.at the end o f在.的尽头，在.的末尾11.wait for 等待12.in time 及时13.make one s way to往.（艰难地）走去14.just th en 正在那时15.first of all 首先，第一16.go wrong 走错路17.be/get lost 迷路18.make a noise 吵闹，喧哗19.get on 上车20.get off 下车21.stand in 1 ine 站队22.waiting room候诊室，候车室2 3.at the head of.在.的前头2 4.laugh at 嘲笑2 5.throw about 乱丢，抛散2 6.in fact实际上2 7.at midnight 在半夜2 8.have a good t ime=enjoy oneself 玩得愉快2 9.quarrel with sb.和某人吵架3 0.take one s temperature 给某人体温3 1.have/get a pain in某处疼痛3 2.have a headache 头痛3 3.as soon as.就.3 4.feel 1 ike doing sth.想要干某事3 5.stop.from doing sth.阻止.干某事3 6.fall asleep 入睡3 7.again and again再三地，反复地3 8.wake up醒来，叫醒3 9.instead of 代替4 0.look over 检查4 1.take exercise 运动4 2.had better(not)do sth.最好(不要)干某事4 3.at the weekend 在周末4 4.on time 按时4 5.out of从.向外4 6.al 1 by oneself 独立，单独4 7.lots of=a lot of 许多4 8.no longer/more=not.any longer/more 不再4 9.get back回来，取回5 0.sooner or later 迟早5 1.run away 逃跑5 2.eat up吃光，吃完5 3.run after 追赶5 4.take sth.with sb.某人随身带着某物5 5.take(good)care of.=look af t e r.(well)(好好)照顾，照料5 6.think of考虑到,想起5 7.keep a diary坚持写日记5 8.leave one by oneself把某人单独留下5 9.harder and harder 越来越厉害6 0.turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)6 1.turn off 关 重温重点句型1.So+be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表 示“另一人（物）也如此 前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常 用“Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。注意：“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表 示“的确如此。”“是呀。”2.Turn right/lef t at the first/second/.crossing.这一指路的句型意为“在 第 一/二/个十字路口向右/左拐/相当于Take the first/second/.turning on ther ight/lef t.3.I t takes s b.some time to do s t h.此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其 中 的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.4.think/find+i t +adj.+to do s t h.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。5.What s wrong with.?此句型相当于What s the matter/trouble with.?后跟某物作宾语时,意 为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意 为“某人怎么了？”6.too.t o.在so.that复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句t o o.t o.（太而不能）进行句型转换。在SO.that复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句enoughto进行句型转换.7.Sorry to hear that.全句应为r m sorry to hear th a t.意 为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。重点句型、词组大盘点1.She used to be a Chinese teacher.她过去是一位汉语老师。用法used to+动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。搭配used to do 的否定式可以是 usedn5 t to do 或 didn,t use to d o.比较used to do sth.过去常做某事；be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事。2.return i t sooner or later.迟早要将它归还。用法1)sooner or later意为 迟早、早晚。2)return此处用作及物动词，意 为“归还，相当于give back.拓展return还可用作不及物动词,意为 返回,相当于go back或comebacko3.No matter what the weather i s like无论天气.用法no matter what相当于whatever,其意为 无论什么,引导状语从句。拓展 类似no matter what的表达方式还有:no matter when无论什么时候nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;no matter where 无论什么地方no matter who 无论谁no matter how无论怎么样4.A young man practised speaking English with M r.Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法practise doing sth.表 示“实践、练 习(做)某 事”。拓展practice 名词，实践、实施、练习；p u t a plan i n t o practice实行某计划。5.H e encouraged everyone t o take part i n protecting our l a k e s,r i v e r s,seas and o c e a n s.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。用法1)encourage用作动词，意 思 是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part i n 参加,常表示参加活动。3)protect是动词，表 示“防御”、“保护”。搭配1)encourage s b.i n sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人n b s p;encourage s b.t o do sth.鼓励某人干某事2)protect s h.from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害6.t o warn people about sharks i n t h e water.警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。用法warn用 作 动 词,意 思 是“警告”、“警戒”。搭配1)warn s b.+t h a t 从句2)warn s b.o f sth.警告某人某事3)warn s b.t o d o sth.告诫某人做某事4)warn s b.against(d o i n g)sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事重点句型、词组大盘点1.She used t o b e a Chinese teacher.她过去是一位汉语老师。用 法 used t o +动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。搭 配 used t o do的否定式可以是usedn,t t o d o 或 d i d i f t use t o do.比 较 used t o do sth.过去常做某事；b e/get used to doing s th.习惯于做某事；be used to do s th.被用来做某事。短语总结1.If s time for sth.该到做某事的时间了.If s time to do sth.(It5 s time for sb.to do sth)该到(某人)做某事的时间了.2.can，t wait to do sth,迫不及待地要求做某事.3.ask(tell)sb.(not)to do sth.请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.4.make/let sb.to do sth.让某人做某事.5.hear/see/sb.do s t h听见/看见某人做某事.6.had better(not)do sth 最好不做某事.7.It s better to do sth 最好做某事8.If s best to do sth 最好做某事9.enjoy喜欢做某事10.finish结束做某事11.keep继续做某事12.keep on doing sth.继续做某事13.carry o n继续做某事14.go o n继续做某事15.feel like喜欢做某事16.stop to do s t h与stop doing sth停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事.17.forget/remember to do 与 forget/remember doing sth.忘i已/i已得去做某事(与)忘记/记得曾经做过事.18.keep(precent,stop)sb.from doing sth 阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事19.prefer.to.喜欢.胜过.2 0.prefer to do sth.rather than do ath.宁愿做某事，而不原做某事.2 1.used to do sth.过去常常做某事.2 2.What5 s wong with.?.出 了问题（事）？2 3.have nothing to do with.与.无关2 4.be busy doing sth.在忙于做某事2 5.too.to.太.以致知于不.2 6.so.that.如此.以致知于不.2 7.such.that.如此.以致知于不.2 8.1 1 take s b.some time to do sth.某人做某事用 了一些时间.2 9.spend.on sth.（doing sth.）花钱/时间做某事.3 0.pay.for sth.花费（钱）买某物.3 1.What/how about.?.怎么样（好吗）？3 2.would like to do sth.想要/愿意做某事.3 3.I don t think that 我认为.不.3 4.Why not do sth.?Why don5 t you do sth.?为什么不做某事呢？3 5.What do you mean b y.?你.是什么意思？3 6.What do you think of.（How do you 1 ike.）你认为.怎么样？3 7.Mike enjoys collecting stamps.So do I.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢.3 8.The more,the better.越多越剧好.3 9.Thanks for doing sth.谢谢你做了某事.4 0.I t i s said that.据说.3151 （see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at（感官动词）+doeg:I 1 ike watching monkeys jump2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake=easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 al 1 kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world=the whole world 整个世界7 along with 同.一道，伴随.eg:I wi 1 1 go along with you 我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see你是知道的10 ask for.求助 向要（直接接想要的东西）eg:ask you for mybook1 1 ask sb for sth 向某人什么1 2 ask sb to do sth询问某人某事ask sb not to d o叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在.岁时 e g:I am sixteen I am at the ageof sixteen14 at the beginning of.的起初；.的开始1 5 at the end of+地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg:At the end ofthe day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be/feel confident of sth/that clause+从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:I am/feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I canpass the test18 be+d o i n g 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to（+v 原）=can（+v 原）能够.eg:She is ableto sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg:she is able to sing21 be afraid to do（of sth 恐惧，害怕.eg:V m afraed to go outat night Im afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg:Iz m al lowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch T V 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg:Don，t be angry with me24 be angry with（at）sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as原级a s 和什么一样 eg:She is as tall as m e 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从.离开29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg:Reading books in the sun is bad for youre y e s 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born出生于3 1 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于.3 2 be careful当心；小心33 be different from.和什么不一样3 4 be famous for 以.著名3 5 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from=come from 来自eg:He i s from Bejing He comes from Bejing I s he fromBejing?Does he come from Bejing?3 7 be full of 装满.的 be fi 1 led with 充满 e g:the glass i sful1 of water the glass i s filled with water3 8 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to+v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing)=do wel 1 in 在某方面善长，善于.41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg:Reading aloud i s good for yourEnglish42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to s b对某人有好处eg:Reading aloud i s helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising i s helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg:She i s in trouble They are introuble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for=come late to 迟至| e g:Be late for class 上课迟到48 be 1 ike 像.eg:Iz m 1 ike my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from由.制成（制成以后看不见原材料）51 be made o f由.制成（制成以后还看得见原材料）52 be not sure表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表*的缩写 eg:陶 i s short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg:I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that60 be sorry to trouble sb eg:I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg:Hez s strict in obeyingnoles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 e g:Some students are not strictwith them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 e g:He i s sure of winning Iam sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 e g:Im sure of my head(myteacher我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 e g:Im suer that he can pass thetest我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事e g:We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sureto learn English well我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of+名/动 doing 害怕.71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as.和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事e g:My father i s used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He i s usedto sleeping in class他习惯上课睡觉He i s used to working hard He i s used to hard work 他习惯努力工作74 be worth doing值得做什么75 be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子 because of+短语eg:He was late because he had a headache He was late becauseof his headache77 begin to do=start to do 开始做某事 start.with.=begin.wi t h.以什么开始什么eg:Lets begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between.and.两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向.借.lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借给什么东西eg:I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen80 both=the same(a s)=not different(from)表相同81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg:Izm sorry to bother you,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 Hes bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到.为止83 cal 1 sb sth eg:We cal 1 him old wang84 care 关心 eg:Dont you care about this countrys future?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with s b和某人闲谈 take sb to+地点 带某人去某地87 come in 进来88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出 e g:Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider+doing 考虑做什么 eg:Why not consider going to luz h o u 为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to 随着.跳舞 eg:She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do s t h 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在.方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错97 Don71 forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don，t mind+doing/从句/名词 不要介意.99 each+名（单）每一个.eg:Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up+doing101 enjoy+doing 喜欢102 escape from 从.逃跑eg:The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来Some gas is escaping from the p i p e 有一些气体从管子里冒出103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall d o w n 摔下来 fall o f f 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb/sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远 eg:The school is far from my home107 find+it+adj+to do发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth+adj 发现什么怎么样？eg:I find the bookinteresting109 finish 完成+doing（名词）110 fit to sb=be fit for sb 适合某人1 1 1 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 e g:Dont forget t o go home I forget closing door112 from.to.从某某到某某 e g:From me for her113 get/have sth down 做完，被（别人）做.e g:I have my hair cut我理了发（头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pu 1 1 ed out汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job=find a part-time job115 get along well with sb=get on wel 1 with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb=get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for=be ready for 为什么而准备 eg:I get ready formath I am ready for math118 get sb i n t o trouble 给某人麻烦119 get sb to do sth120 get.from.从某处得到某物1 2 1 give a talk 做报告 e g:He i s give a t a i 1122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124 go on to d o 去做下一件事 go on d o i n g 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上 学（用于专业的）go to the school 去 学 校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法128 hate to d o 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg:You have beentalking You have been sleeping since132 have been to.（地 方）.去过某过地方 have gone to.（地方）去了某地还没回来133 have fun+doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg:I have a lot of homework to d o 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble（problem）（in）doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have.time+doing138 have.（时间）.off 放.假 eg:I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth ones sth 帮助某人某事(某方面)help sb(to)do s t h帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing)=What about(+doing)144 how do you 1 ike=what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if:是否=wet hereg:I donz t know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He dont know if(wether)we wi11 arrive on time tomorrowmorning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if:如果？!一24en.c o m中国英语学习网，中国英语第一门户偃 纾 匚 拷 右 话阅碧 堂钱泳?amp;nbsp;eg:V 11 go to LuZhou if it doesz t rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they wi 11 let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的Ill go to England,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one/s opinion=sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end=f inally(adv)最后150 in the north of.什么在什么的北方(north 北 sowth 南 west西east东）151 in the s u n在太阳下152 increase 增加eg:Theyve increased the prece of petrol by 3%他们把石油价增加了 3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to18 mi 11 ion now153 instead of+（名）代替eg:P d 1 ike an apple instead o