英语科高一定语从句复习.ppt

Teacher-Qin xue juanthe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which/that is small is red.The apple which/that is big is green.The apple which/that is red is smallThe apple which/that is green is big.the handsomethe lovelythe strong the clevera boyThe boy is Tom.The boy who/that is handsome is Tom.The boy who/that is lovely is Tom.The boy who/that is strong is Tom.The boy who/that is clever is Tom.A game:Whats the na-me of the student?Whats the name of the student who stands behind/in front of?Whats the name of the student whostands onright/left?The student who/whom you told me is 一、定语从句的定义：一、定语从句的定义：用来修饰用来修饰名词或代词名词或代词的从句的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫名词或代词叫先行词先行词.定语从句一定语从句一般是由般是由关系代词或关系副词关系代词或关系副词来引导来引导的。的。定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句引导词引导词关系代词：关系代词：关系副词关系副词:that,which,who,whom,whose,（as）when,where,why关系词先行词从句成分关系代词人主语人宾语人、物主语、宾语物主语、宾语人、物定语关系副词时间状语地点状语原因状语who（who,whom）(that)(which)whosewhenwherewhyA plane is a machine that/which can fly.A plane is a machine.It can fly.He is the man.I told you about him.He is the man(that/who/whom)I told you about.注意：注意：介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用which 而不能用而不能用that。from thatIs this the library you borrow books?from which关系代词关系代词which和和that的区别：的区别：A.关系代词必须用关系代词必须用that的情形：的情形：1、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰This is the best film that I have ever seen.2、当先行词被序数词修饰、当先行词被序数词修饰The first car that arrived at the destination was driven by John.3、当先行词被、当先行词被the only,the very等修饰等修饰This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.This is the very book that Im looking for.指物指物4、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时Is there anything that I can do for you?All that you have to do is to press the button.There is no time that we can waste.5、当先行词既指人又指物时、当先行词既指人又指物时The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThis is the question about which weve had so much discussion.anything,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little,some 等代词时，或者是由 every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much 等修饰时当先行词含 one,ones,any,anyone,all,this,that,these,those 等且指人时，多用 who/whom 如：All who came here must wait.Any man who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.指人指人关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whoma.This is the boy with whom he worked.b.This is the boy whom he worked with.c.This is the boy who he worked with.d.This is the boy he worked with.e.The house where we live is not large.f.The house in which we live is not large.g.The house which we live in is not large.h.The house we live in is not large.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。5.that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(that)that(that)(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。I am sure she has somethingyou can borrow.Ive read all the booksare not mine.This is the first bookhe has read.This is the very bookbelongs to him.that关系副词关系副词when,where,why的用法的用法 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词关系副词都等于一个适当的介词which，在，在从句中作从句中作状语状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+which比较填空：比较填空：1.I still remember the day we spent in the forest.I still remember the day I first came to Beijing.2.The factory _ we will visit is large.The factory his father works is large.3.I wont believe the reason he told me.I wont believe the reason he didnt attend school yesterday.（that/which）when(that/which)where(that/which)why/on which/in which/for which总结：当先行词是时间、地点、原因的时候，不当先行词是时间、地点、原因的时候，不要盲目地就选填要盲目地就选填when,where,why。一定要先看。一定要先看一下先行词在从句中作何成分，如果不作状语，一下先行词在从句中作何成分，如果不作状语，此时把先行词看作物，再分析其在句子中的成分，此时把先行词看作物，再分析其在句子中的成分，从而选填适当的关系词；从而选填适当的关系词；只有当它们在句子中作只有当它们在句子中作状语的时候，才能填状语的时候，才能填when,where,why,或者填或者填“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。1.Ill never forget the days we worked together.2.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.3.This is the reason he was late.when（which/that）why/in which/for whichDo you like the book she learned a lot?He built a telescope he could study the skies.There is a tree,stands our teacher.Ill never forget the days we work on the farm.Ill never forget the day we work on the farm.wherewherewherewhenwhen/from which/through which/under which/in which/on which关系副词的用法小结关系副词的用法小结when wherewhy表示地点，在表示地点，在从句中作地点从句中作地点状语状语at/in/on+which表示原因，表示原因，在从句中作在从句中作原因状语原因状语for+which表示时间，在表示时间，在从句中作时间从句中作时间状语状语at/in/on+whichThis is the book _ which I spent 5 yuan.This is the book _ which I paid 5 yuan.This is the book _ which we can learn a lot.This is the book _ which we often talk.This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.onforfromaboutin注意注意1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、This is the place where he works.This is the place which(that)we visited last year.b、That was the time when he arrived.Do you still remember the days that(which)we spent together?c、This is the reason why he went.The reason that(which)he gave us was quite reasonable.注意：如果定语从句中的谓语动词为含有介词的如果定语从句中的谓语动词为含有介词的短语动词，一般不能拆开，介词要留在短语动词短语动词，一般不能拆开，介词要留在短语动词的后面，如的后面，如:take care of,look after,look for,pay attention to 等。等。The boy who/whom/that the nurse is looking after is very healthy.The boy after whom the nurse is looking is very healthy.The problem to which you should pay attention is very important.The problem(which/that)you should pay attention to is very important.表所属关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介表所属关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词词of。1)There are 100 teachers in our school,_60/60%are women teachers.2)He has three children,two thirds/two _ work as teachers.3)That table has four legs,all _are very short.总结：介词后只能跟总结：介词后只能跟 或或 ，不能跟，不能跟其他任何一个关系词其他任何一个关系词of whomof whomof whichwhichwhom先行词不是人先行词不是人先行词是人先行词是人总结:whose+名词名词 =the+名词名词+of which/whom =of which/whom+the+名词名词I know the boy whose father is the best doctor in the hospital.=I know the boy the father of whom is the best doctor in the hospital.=I know the boy of whom the father is the best doctor in the hospital.He lives in a big house whose door is red.=He lives in a big house is red.=He lives in a big house is red.He has a book,is blue.Which of the followings is NOT true?A.the cover of which B.of which cover C.and the cover of it D.whose coverthe door of whichof which the door as引导定语从句，多与引导定语从句，多与such和和the same连连用，在从句中作主语或宾语。用，在从句中作主语或宾语。1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.2.Lets discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday,Mum?4.As we all know,John is an honest man.as可用作关系代词或关系副词，在所引导的限制性定语从可用作关系代词或关系副词，在所引导的限制性定语从句中，既可作主语、宾语、表语，又可作状语。句中，既可作主语、宾语、表语，又可作状语。as 常常用于用于the same.as,such.as,as.as和和so.as 结结构中。构中。as 引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。如：引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。如：Let children read such books as will make them better and wiser.让孩子们读使他们变得更好更聪明的书。（主）让孩子们读使他们变得更好更聪明的书。（主）Take as many as you want.你想要多少就拿多少。（宾）你想要多少就拿多少。（宾）I have never seen so lazy a man as you(are).我从来没有见过像你这样懒的人。（表）我从来没有见过像你这样懒的人。（表）Please do it in the same way as I did.请照我的样子去做。请照我的样子去做。(状状)as引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句注：注：the same.后既可以用后既可以用that 也可以用也可以用 as 来引导来引导定语从句，如：定语从句，如：1)This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.2)This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.This pen is mine.I lost it yesterday.This pen is very much like mine that I lost yesterday.In fact,it isnt mine.that“同一的同一的”即指同一个事物；而即指同一个事物；而as引导定语从引导定语从句时，句时，“相似的相似的”即指同一类事物。即指同一类事物。这和我丢失的那只表一样。（同一类，不是同一只）这和我丢失的那只表一样。（同一类，不是同一只）这和我丢失的那只表一样。（同一类，不是同一只）这和我丢失的那只表一样。（同一类，不是同一只）This is the same watch Ilost.这就是我丢失的那只表。这就是我丢失的那只表。这就是我丢失的那只表。这就是我丢失的那只表。（同一只）（同一只）（同一只）（同一只）This is the same watch I lost.asthat区分定语从句和结果状语从句区分定语从句和结果状语从句This is such an interesting book _we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)总结：总结：当主句含有当主句含有such或或so时，是定语从句还是时，是定语从句还是结果状语从句，就看结果状语从句，就看从句是否完整，完整的是状从句是否完整，完整的是状语从句填语从句填that,不完整的是定语从句填不完整的是定语从句填as.(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.whomwhothatThe scientist we met yesterday is very famousin the world.whichthatThe dressshe is wearing is new.(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.whothatwhomHe is the kind person I have ever worked with.thatThis is the best filmI have ever seen.Imagine you are a customer and your partner is the assistant of the shop,make a dialogue.You can add more questions if you like.A:What can I do for you?C:I want to buy.A:this one?C:No,I like the one whi-ch/that.A:The one which/that you want to buy is sole out.Would you like another?C:Ok.Give me the one which/thatA:Here you are.C:How much is it?.The End Thank you!Bye-bye