英语完形填空解题技巧.ppt

Strategies for Cloze -湛江师范学院附中 梁永德 了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯；了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯；语义场的语义场的暗示性词语暗示性词语(clue words)及其及其显显性暗示性暗示和和隐性暗示隐性暗示的七种手段。的七种手段。掌握完形填空中运用掌握完形填空中运用显性暗示显性暗示和和隐隐性暗示性暗示的解题技巧，并利用其解题。的解题技巧，并利用其解题。知识目标：知识目标：Leading-inGuess the missing words in the song Im a New Soul.Brain stormingIm a New SoulIm a _ soul I came to this strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about how to give and_.But since I came herefelt the joy and the _finding myself making every possible _la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.Im a _ soul in this very strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about what is true and _.But why all this hate try to communicatefinding trust and love is not always easy to make.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la._New_newtakefearmistakeyoungfaithWhat is a clue word?AcluewordAclueword(暗示词暗示词)isisawordthatislinkedtoawordthatislinkedtotheanswer,soitistheanswer,soitisveryusefulinaclozeveryusefulinacloze.A.Accordingccordingtothecluewords,youllfinditmucheasiertodoatothecluewords,youllfinditmucheasiertodoacloze.cloze.The position of a clue word?A clue word can be found either _ or _ the blanks.beforeafter1)Mr.Brownisateacher,heworksintheschool.2)KFCstaffnotonlyworkintheday,butalsoworkduringthenight.3)Itissourgentthathehasnotimetoexplainmore.4)Lindaslippedandfelldownthestairsbecausethefloorwaswet.5)Timeisveryvaluable.Wemusttreasureourtime.Find out the clue words of those underlined words within 15 seconds.151413121110 9 8 7 6 54 3 2 1Hidden Clues隐性暗示隐性暗示Clue Words提示词Obvious Clues 显性暗示显性暗示 1 1)第一种显性暗示手段第一种显性暗示手段:同词同词暗示（暗示（同源词同源词）有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。如：Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswordseveragain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21(automatically)loggedin?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga22.（NMET2007广东）22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system _2)2)第二种显性暗示手段：第二种显性暗示手段：同义词、近义词同义词、近义词暗示暗示 原文表达中，可借助意思相同或相近的词，有时则是用解释性的语言来连接上下文的语义。如：如：Oneofthemostpopulartrendstodayisforfamiliesandgroupstogowithathemewhenchoosingtheircostumes.Forexample,costumesmightbe_4_onthebasisofafavoritemovie,fairytale,orsomeotherconnectingtheme.4.A.purchasedB.selectedC.gainedD.rewarded_3)3)第三种显性暗示手段：第三种显性暗示手段：反义词反义词暗示暗示 语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现 的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。Forcingyourselftorecallalmostneverhelpsbecauseitdoesnt_yourmemory；itonlytightensit.A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce_4)4)第四种显性暗示手段：第四种显性暗示手段：上下义词上下义词暗示暗示 上下义词是指词的总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是其包含的个体或种类。Hetaughtherhowtorelyonother_,specificallyherhearing.(NMET2010湖北)A.feelingsB.organsC.skillsD.senses_上义词sports_relatives_下义词badminton,running,footballrice,noodles,bread_table,sofa,bedWhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhand_andtoldmethatIcouldbecomeawriter.(NMET2010江苏)A.cameraB.radioC.bicycleD.typewriter5)5)第一种隐性暗示：第一种隐性暗示：同一话题（场景）同一话题（场景）暗示暗示 某些词汇或表达是围绕同一个话题或同一个场景展开的。_6)6)第二种隐性暗示：第二种隐性暗示：因果因果暗示暗示在同一个句子或段落中，有时前后的词语之间存在必然的因果关系。Hedidnthavebreakfast,soheis_now.A.starvingB.anxiousC.angryD.disturbed_7)7)第三种隐性暗示：第三种隐性暗示：搭配搭配暗示暗示形容词和名词之间、动词和副词之间、动词和宾语存在的搭配关系。Iattendedaschoolprize-giving_notsolongagoandtheguestspeakerwasAndrewBecroft.A.anniversaryB.celebrationC.meetingD.ceremony_Obvious Clues显性暗示显性暗示Hidden Clues 隐性暗示隐性暗示 Draw a conclusion of the seven types of clue words:1.同词（同源词）同词（同源词）2.同义词、近义词同义词、近义词3.3.反义词反义词4.4.上下义词上下义词Clue Words提示词1.同一话题同一话题2.（场景）（场景）3.2.因果因果4.3.搭配搭配 Lets apply our skills of finding clue words to do the following cloze.Drill1:NMET2010GuangdongClozeTwokeywords:_(cultural)differencesdoorsEvery country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors,doors may have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences.When I first came to America,I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they had distinct functions.You have to push the door with the word“PUSH”to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word“PULL”to 24 the building.This was new to me,because we use the 25 door in South Korea.For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.21.A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual22.A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing23.A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors24.A.enter B.leave C.open D.close25.A.main B.same C.front D.backdoordoorgo out ofdifferent_doorsdoordoorsculture Half-controlled practice:因果暗示因果暗示2题；近义词暗示题；近义词暗示1题；题；同同词（同源词）暗示词（同源词）暗示1题、反义词暗示题、反义词暗示1题。题。The way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me.I used to take the school bus to classes.The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors,27 who were getting off the bus should get off first,and students who were getting on should get on 28.In South Korea,we do not need to wait for people to get off.One morning,I hurried to the bus,and when the bus doors opened,I 29 tried to get on the school bus through the front door.All the students around looked at me,I was totally 30,and my face went red.（NMET 2010 广东）广东）26.A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange27.A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers28.A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier29.A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly30.A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited与上一段首句“new”近义暗示students_同词（同源词）暗示反义暗示因果暗示因果暗示Drill2:Theclozeinthelasttext1.Inanarticle,therearelotsofcluewords.2.Inacloze,acluewordcanbefoundeitherbeforeorafterablank.Summary3.Inasentenceorapassage,ifsomewordsaremissing,youcanapply7skillstofindoutcluewordstocompletethesentenceorpassage.Inthisway,youllfinditmucheasiertodoaclozetestefficiently.SummaryObvious Clues显性暗示显性暗示Hidden Clues 隐性暗示隐性暗示1.同词（同源词）同词（同源词）2.同义词、同义词、3.近义词近义词4.3.反义词反义词5.4.上下义词上下义词Clue Words提示词1.同一话题同一话题2.（场景）（场景）3.2.因果因果4.3.搭配搭配