计算机网络的发展.ppt

一切未成定局一切未成定局未来还等待我们去开创未来还等待我们去开创Some knowledgeIn 1893,the first four-function calculator was invented1893年年,第一部四功能计算器被发明。第一部四功能计算器被发明。1946v first Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator(ENIAC)in the United States completed the construction of1946v第一台电子数字积分计算器第一台电子数字积分计算器(ENIAC)在美国建造完成在美国建造完成In 1952,the first stored program calculator was born.1952年年,第一台第一台储存程序计算器储存程序计算器诞生。诞生。In 1952,the first large-scale computer systems announced the completion of construction IBM7011952年年,第一台大型计算机系统第一台大型计算机系统IBM701宣布建造完成宣布建造完成In 1954,the first semiconductor computer developed by the Bell Telephone Company1954年年,第一台半导体计算机由贝尔电话公司研制成功第一台半导体计算机由贝尔电话公司研制成功In 1959,the first successful development of small scientific calculator IBM6201959年年,第一台小型科学计算器第一台小型科学计算器IBM620研制成功研制成功In 1964,the third generation of computers made In 1964,the third generation of computers made IBM360 seriesIBM360 series1964年年,第三代计算机第三代计算机IBM360系列制成系列制成In 1979,Sharp announced the first portable In 1979,Sharp announced the first portable microcomputer mademicrocomputer made1979年年,夏普公司宣布制成第一台手提式微电脑夏普公司宣布制成第一台手提式微电脑In 1982,the microcomputer began to spread,a lot In 1982,the microcomputer began to spread,a lot of access to schools and familiesof access to schools and families1982年年,微电脑开始普及，大量进入学校和家庭微电脑开始普及，大量进入学校和家庭In 1984,the Japanese computer industry to In 1984,the Japanese computer industry to improve the development of the fifth generation improve the development of the fifth generation computer-a computer with artificial computer-a computer with artificial intelligenceintelligence1984年年,日本计算机产业着手研制日本计算机产业着手研制第五代计算机第五代计算机-具有人工智能的计算机具有人工智能的计算机The history of the computer。The first stageThe first stageThe second stageThe third stageThe fourth stageThe Fifth stageSupercomputers.The development of high-speed,large capacity,powerful supercomputers,to handle large and complex problems.microcomputers.Therefore,the development of small volume,strong function,low price and high reliability,wide application of the micro-computer is an important part of computer development.超级计算机。发展高速度、大容量、功能强大的超级计算机，用于处理庞大而复杂的问题。微型计算机。因此，发展体积小、功能强、价格低、可靠性高、适用范围广的微型计算机是计算机发展的一项重要内容。巨型化巨型化Giant of 微型化微型化Miniaturization 网络化网络化 Network 智能化智能化Intelligent模块化模块化Modular 专门化专门化Wireless 网络化网络化Specialize 环保化环保化Network 人性化人性化Environmental protection Human 智能化智能化Intelligent 个性化个性化Personalized Development of the futureThe future development of the computer will follow a number of routes to move forward and not only emphasizes the significant leap in performance,but will also improve your computers human nature,to enhance human-computer interaction capabilities.Also pay attention to environmental protection,as the earth under great pressure relief 未来的计算机将沿着多条发展路线继续前进，不但强调性能的大幅飞跃，而且未来的计算机将沿着多条发展路线继续前进，不但强调性能的大幅飞跃，而且还将提高计算机的人性化，加强人机交互能力。同时还注重环保性，为承受巨大还将提高计算机的人性化，加强人机交互能力。同时还注重环保性，为承受巨大压力的地球减压压力的地球减压ConclusionThe first stage is from 1971 to 1973,microprocessors have 4004,4040,8008.Intel Corporation 1971 microcomputer developed MCS4(CPU is 4040,four machine).8008 and later introduced to the core of the MCS-8 type第一阶段是第一阶段是1971197119731973年，微处理器有年，微处理器有40044004、40404040、80088008。1971 1971年年IntelIntel公司研制出公司研制出MCS4MCS4微型计算机（微型计算机（CPUCPU为为40404040，四位机）。后，四位机）。后来又推出以来又推出以80088008为核心的为核心的MCS-8MCS-8型型。backThe second stage is from 1973 to 1977,the development and improvement of micro-computer stage.Microprocessors 8080,8085,M6800,Z80.Intels initial products have a 80 MCS(CPU is 8080,eight machines).The late TRS-80 Model(CPU for the Z80)and the APPLE-II type(CPU to 6502),in the early eighties,once swept the world第二阶段是19731977年，微型计算机的发展和改进阶段。微处理器有8080、8085、M6800、Z80。初期产品有Intel公司的MCS一80型（CPU为8080，八位机）。后期有TRS-80型（CPU为Z80）和APPLE-II型（CPU为6502），在八十年代初期曾一度风靡世界backThe third stage is from 1978 to 1983,sixteen stage of development of micro-computers,microprocessors have 8086,808880186,80286,M68000,Z8000.Product is representative of micro-computer IBM-PC(CPU as 8086.)The peak phase of the companys products are APPLE Macintosh(1984)and the IBM Corporation PC/AT286(1986)of micro-computer第三阶段是19781983年，十六位微型计算机的发展阶段，微处理器有8086、808880186、80286、M68000、Z8000。微型计算机代表产品是IBM-PC（CPU为8086）。本阶段的顶峰产品是APPLE公司的Macintosh(1984年)和IBM公司的PCAT286(1986年)微型计算机The fourth stage is from 1983 for 32-bit micro-computer stage of development.Microprocessor launched 80386,80486.386,486 micro-computer is the initial product.In 1993,Intel introduced the Pentium or called P5(Chinese translation of the Pentium),microprocessors,it has a 64-bit internal data path.Now Pentium III(also known as P7)microprocessors has become a mainstream product,Pentium IV is expected to be launched in October 2000.第四阶段便是从1983年开始为32位微型计算机的发展阶段。微处理器相继推出80386、80486。386、486微型计算机是初期产品。1993年，Intel公司推出了Pentium或称P5（中文译名为“奔腾”）的微处理器，它具有64位的内部数据通道。现在Pentium III（也有人称P7）微处理器己成为了主流产品，预计Pentium IV 将在2000年10月推出。Fifth generation computer is the information collection,storage,processing,communications,combined with the artificial intelligence of the intelligent computer system.It can deal with the numerical calculations or general information,the main energy for knowledge management,with formal reasoning,associative learning and interpretation of the ability to help people make judgments,decisions,explore unknown territory and access to new knowledge.Man-machine can be directly between the natural language(sound,text)or graphic image exchange information.Also known as next-generation computer Fifth generation computer第五代计算机是把信息采集、存储、处理、通信同人工智能结合在一起的智能计算机系统。它能进行数值计算或处理一般的信息，主要能面向知识处理，具有形式化推理、联想、学习和解释的能力，能够帮助人们进行判断、决策、开拓未知领域和获得新的知识.人-机之间可以直接通过自然语言（声音、文字）或图形图象交换信息。第五代计算机又称新一代计算机back