语言学exercises1(考研真题).ppt
Chapter 1 Linguistics:the study of language名校研究生入学考试真题选名校研究生入学考试真题选I.名词解释n n1 清华大学2001；中国人大2002；武汉大学2003考题Cultural transmission（as a defining property of language）n n2 同济大学同济大学2000年考题年考题Descriptive linguistics vs.prescriptive linguisticsII.判断正误n n1 清华大学2001年考题When language is used to get information,it serves an informative function.n n2 东南大学东南大学2003年考题年考题Most animal communication systems lack the primary level of articulation.n n3 大连外国语学院2000年考题Descriptive linguistics are concerned with how languages work,not with how they can be improved.III.填空题n n1 1 中山大学中山大学20032003年考题年考题By saying that“language is arbitrary”,we By saying that“language is arbitrary”,we mean that there is no logical connection mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and _.between meaning and _.n n2 2 中山大学中山大学中山大学中山大学20032003年考题年考题年考题年考题The distinction between language and The distinction between language and parole is made by the Swiss linguist F.de parole is made by the Swiss linguist F.de Saussure.The distinction between Saussure.The distinction between competence and performance is made by competence and performance is made by the American linguist _.the American linguist _.n n3 北京第二外国语大学2004年考题An approach to linguistic study which attempts to lay down rules of correctness as to how language should be used is _.IV.选择题n n1 1 电子科技大学电子科技大学20032003年考题年考题Unlike animal communication system,human Unlike animal communication system,human language is _.language is _.a stimulus freea stimulus freeb stimulus boundb stimulus boundc under immediate stimulus controlc under immediate stimulus controld stimulated by some occurrence of communal interestd stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest(考点分析：考查语言移位性特征考点分析：考查语言移位性特征)n n2 2 东南大学东南大学20002000年考题年考题_ has been widely accepted as the _ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics.forefather of modern linguistics.a Chomskya Chomskyb Saussureb Saussurec Bloomfieldc Bloomfieldd John Lyond John LyonV.问答题n n1 1 武汉大学武汉大学20002000；湖南师范大学；湖南师范大学20032003年考题年考题Is language productive or not?Why?(Is language productive or not?Why?(考点考点考点考点分析：考查语言创造性的概念及原因分析：考查语言创造性的概念及原因分析：考查语言创造性的概念及原因分析：考查语言创造性的概念及原因)n n2 2 中山大学中山大学中山大学中山大学20012001年考题年考题年考题年考题Comment on the following statement:“In Comment on the following statement:“In linguistics,language only means what a linguistics,language only means what a person says or said in a given situation”.person says or said in a given situation”.(考点分析：考点分析：考点分析：考点分析：考查考查考查考查languagelanguage一词在语言学中不同一词在语言学中不同一词在语言学中不同一词在语言学中不同层面的含义层面的含义层面的含义层面的含义)n n3 3 浙江大学浙江大学19981998，东南大学，东南大学19991999，厦门大学，厦门大学20022002年考题年考题Point out three ways in which linguistics differs Point out three ways in which linguistics differs from traditional grammar.from traditional grammar.（考点分析：考查现代（考点分析：考查现代语言学与传统语法研究的区别）语言学与传统语法研究的区别）n n4 4 华中科技大学华中科技大学20022002年考题年考题What is the major difference between Saussures What is the major difference between Saussures distinction between langue and parole and distinction between langue and parole and Chomskys distinction between competence and Chomskys distinction between competence and performance?performance?
