最常用的英语词缀学习教案.pptx

会计学1最常用的英语最常用的英语(yn y)词缀词缀第一页，共93页。n nAn affixAn affix（词缀）（词缀）is a letter or group of letters,for example un-or-y,which is added is a letter or group of letters,for example un-or-y,which is added toto either the beginning either the beginning or the end of a word in order or the end of a word in order toto form a different word.form a different word.n nAn affix includes prefix(added An affix includes prefix(added toto the beginning of the word,the beginning of the word,前缀前缀(qinzhu)(qinzhu)）and suffixand suffix（added added toto the end of the end of the word,the word,后缀后缀).).n nWhen a prefix is added When a prefix is added toto a word,the word often has a new meaning.For example,unhappy,dishonest,a word,the word often has a new meaning.For example,unhappy,dishonest,incredible.incredible.n nWhen a suffix is attached When a suffix is attached toto a word,the word often has a new part of speech a word,the word often has a new part of speech（词性）（词性）.For example,friendly,.For example,friendly,quickly.quickly.第1页/共93页第二页，共93页。前缀前缀(qinzhu)1.1.mono-(mono-(在元音前为在元音前为mon-)uni-(mon-)uni-(在元音前为在元音前为un-):one,single un-):one,single 一，单一，单archarch统治者统治者 monarch n.monarch n.君主君主 monarchy n.monarchy n.君主制君主制gamgam婚姻婚姻(hnyn)monogamy n.(hnyn)monogamy n.一夫一妻制一夫一妻制loguelogue说话说话 monologue n.monologue n.独白独白tonton声音声音 monotonous a.monotonous a.单调的单调的 -life/rhythm -life/rhythmgraphgraph写写 monograph n.monograph n.专著专著oxideoxide氧化物氧化物 monoxide n.monoxide n.一氧化物一氧化物 carbon-carbon-polypoly卖卖 monopoly n.monopoly n.垄断垄断 monopolize v.monopolize v.垄断垄断-the market -the market n一、表示(biosh)数量的前缀(prefixes indicating figures)第2页/共93页第三页，共93页。n nuni-uni-n nChina Unicom/Mobile/TelecomChina Unicom/Mobile/Telecomn nunify v.unify v.使统一使统一 unify a country unify a country n nunification n.unification n.统一统一 n nunique a.unique a.独一无二的，独特的独一无二的，独特的(a unique stamp)(a unique stamp)n nunity n.unity n.一体一体 family unity family unity 家庭和睦家庭和睦n nformform形式形式(xngsh)uniform a.(xngsh)uniform a.一致的；一致的；n.n.制服制服n n bricks of uniform size bricks of uniform size大小一样的砖大小一样的砖n n police uniform police uniform警服警服 n n school uniform school uniform 校服校服n nlaterallateral边边unilateral unilateral 单边的单边的n na unilateral decision a unilateral decision 单方面的决定单方面的决定第3页/共93页第四页，共93页。n n2.bi-,di-,ambi-2.bi-,di-,ambi-：twotwon ncycle cycle 圈，环圈，环 bicycle,bicyclist,go cycling,cyclist bicycle,bicyclist,go cycling,cyclist n nlateral lateral 边边 bilateral agreement/treaty bilateral agreement/treatyn nmonthly a.monthly a.一月一次的，一月一次的，n.n.月刊月刊n nbimonthly a.bimonthly a.两月一次的，两月一次的，n.n.双月刊双月刊n nlinguallingual语言语言 bilingual education bilingual education 双语教育双语教育n nennenn年年 biennial conference biennial conference 两年一次的会议两年一次的会议n nannann年年 biannual biannual 一年两次的一年两次的 a biannual event a biannual eventn ngamgam婚姻婚姻(hnyn)bigamist(hnyn)bigamist重婚者重婚者第4页/共93页第五页，共93页。n ndi-di-n noxideoxide氧化物氧化物 dioxide n.dioxide n.二氧化物二氧化物 carbon dioxide carbon dioxide 二氧化碳二氧化碳 n nlemmalemma见解，主张见解，主张 dilemma n.dilemma n.进退两难的窘境进退两难的窘境(ji(ji n n jn jn)n nHe was faced with the dilemma of whether or not He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not toto return return toto his country.his country.n nambi-ambi-n nvalval价值价值 ambivalent a.ambivalent a.心情矛盾的（既爱又恨的）心情矛盾的（既爱又恨的）n n ambivalence n.ambivalence n.心情矛盾心情矛盾n n She remained ambivalent about her marriage.She remained ambivalent about her marriage.n n gu gu引导引导 ambiguous a.ambiguous a.模棱两可的模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer an ambiguous answern n ambiguity n.ambiguity n.模棱两可模棱两可 第5页/共93页第六页，共93页。n n3.tri-:three3.tri-:threen n angle angle角角 triangle triangle 三角形三角形 a girl in love triangle with Tom and Jack a girl in love triangle with Tom and Jack triangular triangular 三角形的三角形的n ncyclecycle圈，环圈，环 tricycle tricycle 三轮车三轮车n ntriple a.triple a.三倍的三倍的 triple jump triple jump 三级跳三级跳n n v.v.增加三倍增加三倍 The company tripled its profits last year.The company tripled its profits last year.n nlaterallateral边边 trilateral trilateral 三边三边(sn bin)(sn bin)的的第6页/共93页第七页，共93页。n n4.quadri-(4.quadri-(元音元音(yunyn)(yunyn)前为前为quadr-):fourquadr-):fourn nquadrangle quadrangle 四角形四角形n nquadrennial quadrennial 四年一次的四年一次的 the quadrennial Olympic Games the quadrennial Olympic Gamesn nquarterlyquarterlyn n5.deca-:ten deci-:one-tenth 5.deca-:ten deci-:one-tenth n n decade decade 十年十年 three decades three decades n n The past three decades have witnessed a huge change in Chinese society.The past three decades have witnessed a huge change in Chinese society.n n decimeter n.decimeter n.分米分米n n decibel n.decibel n.分贝分贝 n n 第7页/共93页第八页，共93页。n n6.centi-(6.centi-(元音元音(yunyn)(yunyn)前为前为cent-)cent-)：one hundred(th)one hundred(th)n ngrade grade 级，级，度度 centigrade centigrade百度制，摄氏百度制，摄氏n npedepede足足 centipede centipede蜈蚣蜈蚣n ncentimeter centimeter 厘米厘米n ncentury percent century percent n ncentennial centennial 百年的百年的 The centennial Olympics was held in Atlanta.The centennial Olympics was held in Atlanta.第8页/共93页第九页，共93页。n n7.kilo-,milli-(7.kilo-,milli-(元音前为元音前为mill-):one thousand(th)mill-):one thousand(th)n nmeter meter 米米 kilometer kilometer千米千米(qin m(qin m)，公里，公里 km kmn ngramgram克克 kilogram kilogram公斤公斤 kg kgn nwatt watt 瓦特瓦特 kilowatt kilowatt 千瓦千瓦 n nvoltvolt伏特伏特 kilovolt kilovolt 千伏千伏n ncaloriecalorie卡路里卡路里 kilocalorie kilocalorie千卡千卡n nmilligram milligram 毫克毫克n nmillimeter millimeter 毫米毫米n nmillennial millennial 千年的千年的 millennium millennium 千年千年n nMany people refer Many people refer toto the year 2000 as the Millennium.the year 2000 as the Millennium.第9页/共93页第十页，共93页。n n8.mega-(8.mega-(元音元音(yunyn)(yunyn)前为前为meg-)meg-)兆兆n nhertzhertz赫兹赫兹 megahertz megahertz兆赫兆赫n nbitbit比特，字节比特，字节 megabit megabit兆比特兆比特 128 mb 128 mb第10页/共93页第十一页，共93页。二、表示空间方位二、表示空间方位二、表示空间方位二、表示空间方位(fngwi)(fngwi)的前缀的前缀的前缀的前缀(prefixes indicating spatial position)(prefixes indicating spatial position)n n1.1.上上 over-,super-,sur-,over-,super-,sur-,n nover-over-在在上上n noverall a.overall a.总体的，全面的总体的，全面的 n n -improvement in the management -improvement in the management n novercome v.overcome v.克服克服-the difficulties-the difficultiesn noverflow v.overflow v.溢满溢满 The river overflew its bank.The river overflew its bank.n noverhead a./ad.an light overhead a./ad.an light n n A plane flew overhead.A plane flew overhead.n noverlap v.overlap v.重叠重叠 overlapping investment overlapping investment n noverlook v.overlook v.忽视忽视(hsh)Such mistake is often overlooked.(hsh)Such mistake is often overlooked.n n 俯视俯视 overlook the whole city overlook the whole cityn noverpass n.overpass n.天桥天桥 a pedestrian overpass a pedestrian overpass人行天桥人行天桥第11页/共93页第十二页，共93页。n n注：注：n nover-over-还有还有excessiveexcessive（“过度的过度的”）意思）意思(y s)(y s)n noverwork v.overwork v.劳累过度劳累过度n n The farmer workers are overworked but underpaid.The farmer workers are overworked but underpaid.n noversleep v.oversleep v.睡过头睡过头 He was late for work because of oversleeping.He was late for work because of oversleeping.n noveremphasize v.overemphasize v.过分强调过分强调n n The importance of learning English can never be overemphasized.The importance of learning English can never be overemphasized.n noverestimate v.overestimate v.高估高估 underestimate v.underestimate v.低估低估第12页/共93页第十三页，共93页。n nsuper-super-在在上，超过上，超过n nstructure structure 结构结构 superstructure superstructure上层建筑上层建筑n nvise vise 看看 supervise supervise 监督监督n nsuperficial a.superficial a.肤浅肤浅(fqi(fqi n)n)的的 I have only a-knowledge of law.I have only a-knowledge of law.n nsuperior n./a.superior n./a.上级（的）上级（的）my immediate-my immediate-我的顶头上司我的顶头上司n n He works well with those-He works well with those-toto him in the company.him in the company.n nsuperiority n.superiority n.优越性优越性 complex complex优越感优越感 inferiority complex inferiority complex 自卑感自卑感n nsuperman n.superman n.超人超人n nsupermarket n.supermarket n.n nsuperstar n.superstar n.n nsonic sonic 音的音的 supersonic a.supersonic a.超音速的超音速的 a-plane a-planen nsupernatural a.supernatural a.超自然的超自然的 forces/powers/events forces/powers/events第13页/共93页第十四页，共93页。n nsur-sur-在在上，超上，超n nfaceface面面 surface surface 表面表面 the of the earth the of the earthn nnamename名名 surname surname 姓姓(=family name,last name)(=family name,last name)n npasspass过过 surpass surpass超过超过(chogu)ones expectations(chogu)ones expectationsn nplusplus加加 surplus a.surplus a.剩余的剩余的 value value剩余价值剩余价值n n n.n.顺差顺差 trade trade 贸易顺差贸易顺差第14页/共93页第十五页，共93页。n n2.2.下下 sub-,under-,sub-,under-,n nsub-sub-：underundern nsubway n.subway n.地铁地铁(英国人用英国人用underground)underground)n nmarine marine 海洋的海洋的 submarine n.submarine n.潜艇潜艇(qint(qint ng)ng)n nconsciousconscious有意的有意的 subconscious n./a.subconscious n./a.潜意识潜意识(的的)n nstandardstandard标准的标准的 substandard a.substandard a.低于标准的低于标准的 (nonstandard a.(nonstandard a.不标准的）不标准的）n nscribescribe写写 subscribe subscribe订阅订阅 toto a magazine a magazine n nmergemerge融合融合 submerge v.submerge v.淹没淹没 be submerged by the flood be submerged by the floodn nsubmit vi.submit vi.屈服屈服 submit submit toto sb.sb.n n vt.vt.提交提交 submit a report submit a report toto sb.sb.n nsubordinate a.subordinate a.下级的；从属的下级的；从属的 第15页/共93页第十六页，共93页。n nsubstitute n.substitute n.代替者代替者 a for sb./sth.a for sb./sth.n n v.v.代替代替 He substituted for the injured player.He substituted for the injured player.n nsubtract v.subtract v.减去减去 Subtract 3 from 9 and you have 6.Subtract 3 from 9 and you have 6.n n （加（加 add;add;乘乘multiplymultiply；除；除divide)divide)n nsuburb n.suburb n.郊区郊区 in the of the city in the of the city n n (同义词同义词 outskirts outskirts，但是，但是(dnsh)(dnsh)搭配的介词不同搭配的介词不同 on the outskirts of the city)on the outskirts of the city)第16页/共93页第十七页，共93页。n nunder-under-在下；不足在下；不足n nunderline vt.underline vt.在在下面划线下面划线(hu xin)the underlined words(hu xin)the underlined wordsn nunderdeveloped underdeveloped 不发达的不发达的 countries countries不发达国家不发达国家n n 欠发达国家欠发达国家 less developed countries less developed countries n nundergraduate n.undergraduate n.本科生本科生 n nundergo vt.undergo vt.经历，遭受经历，遭受 a major operation a major operation n nunderlying a.underlying a.潜在的潜在的 an meaning an meaning 内在的含义内在的含义n nundermine vt.undermine vt.暗中破坏暗中破坏 she tried she tried toto our friendship.our friendship.n nundertake vt.undertake vt.承担承担 the impossible mission the impossible mission n nunderwear n.underwear n.内衣，衬衣内衣，衬衣n nunderneath prep.underneath prep.在在下面下面 put your name the address.put your name the address.第17页/共93页第十八页，共93页。n n3.3.前前 fore-,pre-,pro-fore-,pre-,pro-n ncastcast投投 forecast n./v.forecast n./v.预测，预报预测，预报 weather,the future weather,the futuren ntelltell告诉告诉 foretell v.foretell v.预言预言 foretell the future foretell the futuren nseesee看见看见 foresee v.foresee v.预见，先见预见，先见 foresight n.foresight n.先见先见n nforemost a.foremost a.首要的首要的 first and first and 首要的是首要的是 n n Karajan was the conductor of his day.Karajan was the conductor of his day.n nforeword n.foreword n.序言序言 n nforerunner n.forerunner n.先驱先驱n nforearm n.forearm n.前臂前臂(qinb)forehead n.(qinb)forehead n.额头额头n nbodebode兆头兆头 forebode v.forebode v.预兆，预示（灾祸）预兆，预示（灾祸）n n The black clouds forebode a storm.The black clouds forebode a storm.乌云预示着风暴要来临。乌云预示着风暴要来临。第18页/共93页第十九页，共93页。n nfer fer 运运 prefer vt.prefer vt.更喜欢更喜欢 I prefer walking I prefer walking toto cycling.cycling.n n He preferred He preferred toto stay at home rather than go with us.stay at home rather than go with us.n n preferable a.preferable a.更合意的更合意的 be be toto sth.sth.比比更合适，比更合适，比更好更好n n Health without riches is Health without riches is toto rich without health.rich without health.n n preference n.preference n.偏爱偏爱 He has a for vegetables and meat.He has a for vegetables and meat.n njudjud判断判断(pndun)prejudice n.(pndun)prejudice n.偏见偏见 n n have a prejudice/bias/discrimination against sb./sth.have a prejudice/bias/discrimination against sb./sth.对对持有偏见持有偏见n npreliminary a.preliminary a.初步的初步的,预备的预备的 a examination a examination 初试；预考初试；预考n nmaturemature成熟的成熟的 premature a.premature a.比正常时间早的比正常时间早的 a baby a baby 早产儿早产儿 n npremier premier 总理总理 Chinese/French Chinese/French，German chancellor,German chancellor,British/Japanese Prime MinisterBritish/Japanese Prime Ministern nscribescribe写写 prescribe vt.prescribe vt.开处方开处方 prescription n.prescription n.处方处方n n The doctor prescribed a new medicine for my flu.The doctor prescribed a new medicine for my flu.n n Please take this prescription Please take this prescription toto the drugstore/pharmacy/chemists.the drugstore/pharmacy/chemists.第19页/共93页第二十页，共93页。n npre-pre-n npreschool a.preschool a.学龄前的学龄前的 education education n n 初等教育初等教育primary educationprimary educationn n 中等教育中等教育 secondary education secondary education n n 高等教育高等教育(godngjioy)higher education(godngjioy)higher education n nhistorichistoric历史的历史的 prehistoric a.prehistoric a.史前的史前的 a animal a animaln ncautioncaution小心小心precaution n.precaution n.预防措施预防措施 take precautions against sth.take precautions against sth.n ncedecede去去 precede v.precede v.在在之前之前 n n A short lecture will the movie.A short lecture will the movie.电影开演前有一个小讲座。电影开演前有一个小讲座。n n precedent n.precedent n.先例（可数名词）先例（可数名词）set/create a for set/create a for 为为创先例创先例n n n.n.惯例惯例(不可数名词）不可数名词）break with break with 打破惯例打破惯例n n preceding a.preceding a.在前的在前的 in the class/chapter in the class/chaptern ndictdict说说 predict predict预言预言 the future prediction n.the future prediction n.预言预言 predictor n.predictor n.预言者预言者n npreface preface 序言序言(=foreword)the (=foreword)the toto this book this book第20页/共93页第二十一页，共93页。n nsideside边边 preside vi.preside vi.主持主持 n n at/over the conference at/over the conference 主持会议主持会议 (president)(president)n nsumesume拿来拿来 presume vt.presume vt.推测，假定推测，假定 n n Lets that he has told the truth.Lets that he has told the truth.n n presumption n.presumption n.推测，假定推测，假定 n ntext text 文本文本 pretext pretext 托词，借口托词，借口 find a for v-ing find a for v-ingn nvailvail强大强大 prevail vi.prevail vi.流行流行(lixng)(lixng)，盛行，盛行 n n This custom prevails over the whole area.This custom prevails over the whole area.n n prevalent a.prevalent a.流行流行(lixng)(lixng)的，普遍的的，普遍的 n n This disease is more among young people.This disease is more among young people.n nviewview看看 preview v.preview v.预习，预演预习，预演 the text the text n n review review 复习复习 review the text review the text第21页/共93页第二十二页，共93页。n npro-pro-n ngressgress步伐步伐 progress progress 进步进步 make progress (progress make progress (progress为不可数名词，为不可数名词，不可以不可以说说make a progressmake a progress，但是可以说，但是可以说make a rapid progress)make a rapid progress)n n progressive a.progressive a.进步的，先进进步的，先进(xinjn)(xinjn)的的 n n a man of views a man of views 一个有进步观点的人一个有进步观点的人n njectject扔扔 project vt.project vt.投射，放映投射，放映 n n The tree projected a shadow on the grass.The tree projected a shadow on the grass.树在草地上投下影子。树在草地上投下影子。n n projector n.projector n.投影仪投影仪 an overhead projector an overhead projectorn nlonglong长长 prolong prolong向前拉长，延长向前拉长，延长 our life our lifen nmotemote动动 promote vt.promote vt.促进；晋升促进；晋升 friendships among countries friendships among countries n n promotion n.promotion n.促进；晋升促进；晋升 sales promotion sales promotion 第22页/共93页第二十三页，共93页。n npelpel推推 propel vt.propel vt.推进；驱使推进；驱使(qsh(qsh)propel the rocket into space)propel the rocket into space n nspect spect 看看 prospect n.prospect n.前景前景 Wish you a bright/fut