将来时间表示法.ppt
Future Tense Will/shall+infinitive Will/shall+progressive/perfective infinitive Be going to+infinitive Constructions offuture time Be+-ing Be to+infinitive Simple present Will/shall+infinitive Will用于第一、二、三人称主语，shall用于第一人称主语，这种将来意义常常带着说话人的主观态度和看法You will fail the test if you dont work hard.We shall know the result next week.既表将来又有意愿或意图I will do it,if you like.在疑问句中，可用来征询听话人的“意图”Will you be at home this morning?Will/shall+progressive/perfective infinitive 带有“自然要发生”的含义The train will be arriving at two oclock.表示将来某一时刻或时段里正在进行的动作Ill be working in Paris during May.will/shall+不定式完成进行体，表示一个已经开始的动作到将来某一时间仍在进行By the end of next month I shall have been working here for 20 years exactly.不表示“将来”，而仅表示说话人的揣测Hurry up.They will be waiting.Be going to+infinitive 表示“意图”，即打算在将来做的某事We are going to call a meeting to discuss it.表示“预见”，即在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况I must hurry.Im going to be late.Be going to表示的“意图”通常是事先经过考虑的，will+不定式所表示的“意图”，则是说话时刻临时想到的，在某些语境中，二者不可互换A:What a terribly heavy box!B:I will help you to carry it.Be+-ing表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如go,come,leave,start,arrive等Were leaving on Friday.许多动态动词都可用现在进行体表示将来He is writing to you tomorrow.“Be+ing”和“be going to+不定式”都可表示现在已经决定将做某事，两者在某些语境中可交替使用She is getting married this spring.She is going to get married this spring.表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作I am to work with Tom this afternoon.The Queen is to visit Japan next year.表示命令、禁止或可能性等Tell her shes not to be back late.Be to+infinitiveSimple present表示将来时间，常见于条件状语和时间状语分句I will give it to you after I return.在主句中用一般现在时表示将来时间通常按照时间表或既定日程一定会发生的将来事态Tomorrow is Sunday.He _if you ask him.(come)This time next month the snow _(melt)and skiing _(be)over.They _the road in the summer.I hope they _it by the time we come back.(repair)will come will be meltingwill bewill be will be repairingwill have repaired Would+infinitive Was/were going to+infinitive past future Was/were to+infinitive Past progressive and simple past Was/were about to+infinitive Would+infinitive 表示过去将来时间通常带有表示过去将来的时间状语，而且多见于从属分句He said he would come back the next day.表示在过去将来某一时间正在进行的动作，可用would+不定式进行体He told his friend that this time next year he would be studying abroad.表示从过去某时开始一直延续到过去将来某时的动作或事态，可用would+不定式完成进行体By six oclock that afternoon,they would have been cleaning the house for five hours.Was/were going to+infinitive表示动作或事态，也可以是没有实现的意图Last Sunday we were going to go for a picnic but it rained.Was/were to+infinitive 表示过去将来，通常指按过去的计划、安排将在某个过去将来时间发生的事态As I was to leave the next day,I went to bed early on Sunday.表示以后不可避免地要发生的事件They said goodbye,little knowing they were never to meet again.Past progressive and simple past用过去进行体表示过去将来通常指按过去的计划、安排即将在某一过去时间发生的事态The train was leaving in two minutes.用一般过去时表示过去将来通常用于某些条件状语和时间状语分句He said he would tell her all about it if he met her.Was/were about to+infinitive 通常指最近的过去将来事态I felt that something terrible was about to happen.在一定语境中常指未曾实现的意图We were about to start when it began to rain.I warned you not to eat so much lunch if you _(swim)yesterday afternoon.We knew that Fridays meeting_(be)a long one,as we _(discuss)the budget.were to swim/were going to swimwould be/was going to be/was to bewere going to discuss/were to discuss
