审题及议论文案例.ppt

大学英语文章写作的固定结构大学英语文章写作的固定结构Title题目题目Introduction引言段Body发展段Conclusion结尾段Supporting paragraphOneSupporting ParagraphTwoSupporting ParagraphThree大学英语考察的重点大学英语考察的重点把握大学英语写作的“四度”与“四步”四度四度 四步四步n n切题度 读题与审题n n内容表达清晰度 构思与布局n n文字通顺连贯度 草拟题纲n n语法正确度 写作大学英语写作考察的重点大学英语写作考察的重点切题度切题度 读题与审题读题与审题 构思与布局构思与布局 内容表达清晰度内容表达清晰度 草拟题纲草拟题纲文字通顺连贯度度文字通顺连贯度度 写作写作 语法正确度语法正确度四级考试作文评分标准四级考试作文评分标准从评分标准中得到的几点启示：n n考生以教学大纲规定的四级要求为出发点，必须有针对性复习。n n以思想感情表达为主，从整体上谋篇，重视结构，内容充实，然后考虑遣词造句n n内容与语言相辅相承，为中心思想服务四级作文基本题型四级作文基本题型n提纲式作文n段首句作文n关键语作文n情景式作文n图表式作文2008年四级作文范文欣赏年四级作文范文欣赏 These days disposal products often hit the headlines of newspapers and have been These days disposal products often hit the headlines of newspapers and have been brought into focus of the public.Indeed,it is widely accepted that they have gained brought into focus of the public.Indeed,it is widely accepted that they have gained increasing popularity among people in all walks of life.Taking a look around you,you increasing popularity among people in all walks of life.Taking a look around you,you can find examples too numerous to list:When you walk on the street,you can see can find examples too numerous to list:When you walk on the street,you can see plastic bags flying over your head;When you ramble along the river,you can find plastic bags flying over your head;When you ramble along the river,you can find plastic bottles floating on the water;When you stroll in the park with your lover,you plastic bottles floating on the water;When you stroll in the park with your lover,you can notice waste paper thrown everywhere.can notice waste paper thrown everywhere.Among the most important reasons often cited by people is the quickening pace Among the most important reasons often cited by people is the quickening pace of modern life.They are often too busy to wash dirty dishes or glasses,as a result they of modern life.They are often too busy to wash dirty dishes or glasses,as a result they can do nothing but use disposal products.Also playing a part is the improvement of can do nothing but use disposal products.Also playing a part is the improvement of peoples life.As a result of the policy of opening and reform,an increasing number of peoples life.As a result of the policy of opening and reform,an increasing number of people are much richer than before and can afford disposal products.people are much richer than before and can afford disposal products.（原因）（原因）Admittedly,they might benefit us in a short term.Unfortunately,they will do us Admittedly,they might benefit us in a short term.Unfortunately,they will do us harm in more than one way.The major harm is(that)they are sure to pollute the harm in more than one way.The major harm is(that)they are sure to pollute the environment.To make matters worse,they are likely to have potential harm to public environment.To make matters worse,they are likely to have potential harm to public health.To illustrate this point,I can think of no better example than HP,the river health.To illustrate this point,I can think of no better example than HP,the river through S.As a result of disposal products in it,the water has caused some diseases in through S.As a result of disposal products in it,the water has caused some diseases in the local people.the local people.（影响）（影响）To sum up,for the factors mentioned before,we can safely reach the conclusion To sum up,for the factors mentioned before,we can safely reach the conclusion that the prevalence of disposable products is bound to cause a chain of undesirable that the prevalence of disposable products is bound to cause a chain of undesirable effects.In view of the present situation,it is high time that the government tried every effects.In view of the present situation,it is high time that the government tried every means to protect the environment.Only in this way,can we have a bright future.means to protect the environment.Only in this way,can we have a bright future.2008年四级作文范文欣赏年四级作文范文欣赏n nDisposable plastic bags were once widely used in China.When we went Disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China.When we went shopping at supermarkets and departments stores,shopping assistants shopping at supermarkets and departments stores,shopping assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience.For a while,life often provided free plastic bags for our convenience.For a while,life without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.n nHowever,disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our However,disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our environment.Costumers usually threw them away after use,and because environment.Costumers usually threw them away after use,and because they are thin and hard to decompose,these plastic products will exist for they are thin and hard to decompose,these plastic products will exist for a long time.This is an immediate threat to our earth and water.a long time.This is an immediate threat to our earth and water.n nNowadays,the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting Nowadays,the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting the use of disposable plastic bags:they are not free any more.In some the use of disposable plastic bags:they are not free any more.In some shopping places,in order to invoke the public awareness of shopping places,in order to invoke the public awareness of environmental protection,plastic bags are offered in a much higher price.environmental protection,plastic bags are offered in a much higher price.As a result,people are changing their behavior:paper and clothing bags As a result,people are changing their behavior:paper and clothing bags that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life.It is true that that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life.It is true that by limiting its usage,everyone in this society contributes some effort to by limiting its usage,everyone in this society contributes some effort to the improvement of the environment.the improvement of the environment.2008年四级作文范文欣赏年四级作文范文欣赏 In our daily life,most people use disposable plastic bags for In our daily life,most people use disposable plastic bags for shopping and other purposes.However,the excessive use of disposable shopping and other purposes.However,the excessive use of disposable plastic bags has resulted in a great damage to our environment.plastic bags has resulted in a great damage to our environment.The problems brought by disposable plastic bags are various,The problems brought by disposable plastic bags are various,ranging from environment to peoples health.In the first place,it takes ranging from environment to peoples health.In the first place,it takes years for the plastic products to decompose and be absorbed by the soil.years for the plastic products to decompose and be absorbed by the soil.Secondly,the use of disposable plastic bags will indirectly do harm to Secondly,the use of disposable plastic bags will indirectly do harm to peoples health.Sometimes people buy hot food packed into disposable peoples health.Sometimes people buy hot food packed into disposable plastic bags for saving time to wash their dining utensils.Yet they are not plastic bags for saving time to wash their dining utensils.Yet they are not informed of the chemical material the bags release in high temperature.informed of the chemical material the bags release in high temperature.Therefore,they are also eating the poisonous stuff while enjoying the Therefore,they are also eating the poisonous stuff while enjoying the tasty food.tasty food.Its enlightening and significant that our government has banned Its enlightening and significant that our government has banned the use of disposable plastic bags officially,and people will be charged the use of disposable plastic bags officially,and people will be charged for the use of such bags.This action is reducing the consumption of for the use of such bags.This action is reducing the consumption of bags to a great extent.It is a great measure for the sustainable bags to a great extent.It is a great measure for the sustainable development of our earth.development of our earth.2008年四级作文范文欣赏年四级作文范文欣赏n n Nowadays we may find ourselves surrounded by a sea of Nowadays we may find ourselves surrounded by a sea of disposable plastic bags.And recently the problems of using disposable plastic bags.And recently the problems of using disposable plastic bags have been brought into peoples focus.disposable plastic bags have been brought into peoples focus.n nFirst of all,the use of disposable plastic bags causes First of all,the use of disposable plastic bags causes irreversible harm to our environment.As these bags are not irreversible harm to our environment.As these bags are not biodegradable,they are blocking the drainage system and causing biodegradable,they are blocking the drainage system and causing water pollution.Whats more,customers using disposable plastic water pollution.Whats more,customers using disposable plastic bags may think that they are of great convenience.But what they bags may think that they are of great convenience.But what they dont quite realize is that there will be remarkable negative dont quite realize is that there will be remarkable negative impact on our health.And sometimes careless disposal of these impact on our health.And sometimes careless disposal of these bags may even poison some innocent animals.bags may even poison some innocent animals.n nIn view of the severity of this issue,effective measures have In view of the severity of this issue,effective measures have been taken in our country.There has been a strict limit on the been taken in our country.There has been a strict limit on the using of disposable plastic bags in supermarkets,which not only using of disposable plastic bags in supermarkets,which not only enhances peoples awareness on environmental protection but enhances peoples awareness on environmental protection but also cuts down the cost of the running of supermarkets.also cuts down the cost of the running of supermarkets.四级作文基本题型四级作文基本题型提纲式作文提纲式作文在四级考试中占主导地位多数给出三步提纲三段式谋篇方式提纲中蕴含文章主旨近年来四级基本题型近年来四级基本题型提纲式作文提纲式作文n n特点:1.无论是应用文还是议论文,要求讲出有立意的观点和思想 2.要求语言逻辑上的严谨和思维的流畅 3.语法上的无懈可击 .语汇上的灵巧准确四级作文基本题型四级作文基本题型n n提纲式作文写作要领：审题时仔细研究作文题目和提纲确定各级主题，明确主题句确定时态和人称，确定整体构思拓展各段主题句，运用相关连接词检查与修改四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文议论文写作分为三个步骤提出问题 分析问题 解决问题引出话题 论述问题 得出结论注注:第二段论述是重点即表明观点加以论述第二段论述是重点即表明观点加以论述 四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文综观历年四级作文,写作类型可分为四种1.现象分析型现象分析型2.问题解决型问题解决型3.对比选择型对比选择型4.观点论证型观点论证型四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文1.现象分析型第一段:提出问题,描述现象第二段:分析问题,阐述原因第三段:解决问题,表明观点例例:2006:2006年年1212月月议论文议论文:关于新年晚会关于新年晚会 1.1.许多人在除夕观看春节晚会许多人在除夕观看春节晚会 2.2.但有些人提出取消春节晚会但有些人提出取消春节晚会 3.3.我的看法我的看法四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文 The Spring Festival Evening Get-Together has been held in China for over two The Spring Festival Evening Get-Together has been held in China for over two decades,which seems to have been an indispensable company during the traditional decades,which seems to have been an indispensable company during the traditional New Years Eve for a great number of people,who appear to be accustomed to New Years Eve for a great number of people,who appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast,while gathering with their beloved enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast,while gathering with their beloved family.family.However,an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards However,an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it,as more diverse life styles have emerged nowadays.Some prefer to go to a fancy it,as more diverse life styles have emerged nowadays.Some prefer to go to a fancy restaurant to enjoy a gourmet meal;some intend to go on a vacation to an incredibly restaurant to enjoy a gourmet meal;some intend to go on a vacation to an incredibly exotic destination for a novel and thorough relaxation;others may have even more exotic destination for a novel and thorough relaxation;others may have even more post-modern notions,like go bunging,hiking,or cycling for entirely new different post-modern notions,like go bunging,hiking,or cycling for entirely new different experiences,forgetting all about the Spring Festival.experiences,forgetting all about the Spring Festival.To me,the Evening Get-Together is supposed to be here to stay.It may not To me,the Evening Get-Together is supposed to be here to stay.It may not remain a must for all people,but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as remain a must for all people,but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities.Besides,with such a gathering,an alternative among the variety of holiday activities.Besides,with such a gathering,family members will have a perfect opportunity to enjoy more fun and happiness,for family members will have a perfect opportunity to enjoy more fun and happiness,for nowadays most people are so engaged in their daily businesses that they can rarely find nowadays most people are so engaged in their daily businesses that they can rarely find any extra time to stay with their family,which,if not properly adjusted,might add any extra time to stay with their family,which,if not properly adjusted,might add further to the already worsening situation of the values of Chinese families.further to the already worsening situation of the values of Chinese families.四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文2008年12月-议论文:Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag 1、一次性塑料袋的使用 2、使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题 3、限制一次性塑料袋的使用 四级作文写作方法四级作文写作方法-议论文议论文 In our daily life,most people use disposable plastic bags for In our daily life,most people use disposable plastic bags for shopping and other purposes.However,the excessive use of shopping and other purposes.However,the excessive use of disposable plastic bags has resulted in a great damage to our disposable plastic bags has resulted in a great damage to our environment.environment.The problems brought by disposable plastic bags are various,The problems brought by disposable plastic bags are various,ranging from environment to peoples health.In the first place,it ranging from environment to peoples health.In the first place,it takes years for the plastic products to decompose and be absorbed takes years for the plastic products to decompose and be absorbed by the soil.Secondly,the use of disposable plastic bags will indirectly by the soil.Secondly,the use of disposable plastic bags will indirectly do harm to peoples health.Sometimes people buy hot food packed do harm to peoples health.Sometimes people buy hot food packed into disposable plastic bags for saving time to wash their dining into disposable plastic bags for saving time to wash their dining utensils.Yet they are not informed of the chemical material the bags utensils.Yet they are not informed of the chemical material the bags release in high temperature.Therefore,they are a