公开课非谓语动词.ppt

Unit 1 GrammarNon-finite verbs灌南高级中学灌南高级中学 邬佳莹邬佳莹Aims:nReview infinitive,verbing and verbed used as subject,object and object complement.nConclude the rules where nonfinite verbs can be used properly.nGuide the students to deal with problems usually included in formal exams.Laughter is the greatest medicine.It helps those who cannot work out become fit.First of all,laughing out loud helps improve your general fitness.This is because laughter strenghthens the heart and lungs.So,it is easy to understand why some yoga exercises include laughter.Second,a good laugh can relax your muscles.As you laugh,these muscles participating in the laugh become active.So it is very useful for people with breathing problems.Enjoy a short passage and find out sentences including nonfinite Also,laughter makes us feel a sense of happiness.Experts say that the positive feelings produced by laughter not only make us happy but also help us reduce pain.The next time you feel upset or disappointed,do not worry.Enjoying a funny comedy or reading some jokes will drive away your negative feelings and make you feel much better.熟熟 读读 深深 思思1.不定式和动名词作主语不定式和动名词作主语(1)Smoking is prohibited here.(2)It is a great honor to give a speech here.(3)Jacks suddenly disappearing made them worried.(4)I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.(5)It is no use/good crying.归归 纳纳 总总 结结 动名词作主语通常表示习惯性的或抽象动作，而不定式作主语表示具体或某一次的动作，如：(1)、(2)。V-ing 和和to do 作主语的基本含义作主语的基本含义动名词的复合结构：动名词的复合结构：当动名词带逻辑主语说明动作是谁发出时，在其前加上物主代词或名词的所有格，my,your,their or ones即可 如：(3)。关于 it 不定式及动名词短语作主语或宾语时可转换成it作形式主语或形式宾语，如：(4)、(5)。practice1.by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.A.Having been misunderstood B.Being misunderstood C.Having misunderstood D.Misunderstood2.What has made him upset recently?_ alone to face a troublesome milk case.A.Left B.Being left C.Having left D.To leave熟熟 读读 深深 思思2.不定式、动名词和分词作定语不定式、动名词和分词作定语(1)Wed better find some work for the children to do.(2)He is the first one to help(help)me with computer.1.(3)Barking dogs seldom bite.(4)The water polluted by the factory is harmful to people living nearby.(5)Do you have anything_(你送）你送）？(6)Do you have anything _(别人送）别人送）?A sending B to send C to be sent D sendingBC熟熟 读读 深深 思思(8)The plan to be made(make)is of vital importance.(9)The building being constructed will be used as a library.(10)The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.(11)The teacher is satisfied with our satisfying performance in class,which can be seen from her satisfied expression on her face.归归 纳纳 总总 结结单个非谓语动词作定语一般在名词前，如：(3)非谓语动词短语作定语一般要跟在名词后，如：(4)。但修饰不定代词时不定式后置修饰，如：(5)、(6)；非谓语动词作定语的位置问题归归 纳纳 总总 结结名词to be done:将要被做，如：(8).done:已经完成的或表被动的动作如：(10).being done:被修饰词正在做，如：(9).doing sth:正在进行的动作经常性动作或现在(或当时)的状态即将发生的动作非谓语动词的时态问题与被修饰词之间的关系to do sth:与被修饰的名词有动宾关系如：(1)；与被修饰的名词有主谓关系如：(2)；且名词前有序数词或最高级时用不定 式作后置定语 如（2）V-ing 和v-ed 充当形容词的主语和所修饰词的问题 有些表示“使”的动词，其ing形式，意为“令人的”，主语和所修饰的词通常是物；其ed形式，意为“感到的”，主语和所修饰的词通常是人，也可修饰look,expression,tears,smile,voice等名词。如：(11)。Learning plan P2(12)归归 纳纳 总总 结结 a fallen leaf_a falling leaf _ _发达国家 _发展中国家 a _ worker 退休工人 落叶落叶正在飘落的叶正在飘落的叶 a developed country a developing countryretired形容词化的非谓语动词的意义I hope that everyone can have a room to _(live).不及物动词构成的不定式作定语，要加上适当的介词且介不及物动词构成的不定式作定语，要加上适当的介词且介词不能省。词不能省。live in归归 纳纳 总总 结结 不宜用现在分词短语作定语的情况：(1)The man who came this morning is our legal adviser.()The man coming this morning is our legal adviser.()不能用doing表达过去动作归归 纳纳 总总 结结(2)Is there anyone who can answer this question?()Is there anyone answering this question?()(3)Those who have finished their work can go home now.()Those having finished their work can go home now.()用用answering表达表达can answer的意思是错的的意思是错的having done 不能做定语不能做定语practice1.His essay was entirely based on data from reliable historical records.A.collectingB.to collectC.collectedD.being collected2.Students _ the university should hand in a graduation paper.A.left B.leaving C.having left D.to have leave 熟熟 读读 深深 思思3.不定式和分词作宾语补足语不定式和分词作宾语补足语(1)My father permits me to surf(surf)the Internet at the weekend.(2)The children were last seen playing/play by the river.(3)She saw the old man cross the road.The old man was seen to cross the road.(4)Finally I got my car running.(5)The teacher often gets us to recite texts.(6)Id like to get my car cleaned before the New Year.熟熟 读读 深深 思思(7)I made my little brother cry.My little brother was made to cry.(8)I spoke clearly and slowly to make myself heard(hear)and understood.(9)The teacher often has us debate(debate)in class.(10)They had the lights burning(burn)while working.(11)Nancy will have her house painted.(12)I am going to the supermarket and have many things to buy.Do you have anything to be bought?熟熟 读读 深深 思思(13)They went home,leaving much work unfinished(unfinish)(14)I have once seen the child caught stealing money.(15)I found the little boy lying(lie)under the tree when I passed by.(16)The teacher wanted the paper to be finished in an hour.归归 纳纳 总总 结结规则规则1：带宾补的动词 like,hate,encourage,wish,warn,tell,want,desire,expect,get,permit,order,allow，invite,force,ask,cause,advise,request,prefer,beg,persuade,teach，lead等动词宾语to do sth.，宾语与to do 为主动关系，如：(1)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结规则规则2：感官动词带宾补的结构，如：(2)。感官动词see,observe，hear,notice,watch,feel，look at,listen to宾语do sth.(主动，全过程或经常性动作)doing(主动，正在进行)done(与宾语是被动关系)【注意】【注意】若感官动词在被动语态中，则若感官动词在被动语态中，则to 要还原，如：要还原，如：(3)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结规则规则3：get/send 带宾补的结构。get/send 宾语doing表示“使起来”，动作由静止到运动并持续下去，如：(4)。get 宾语to dolet/have sb.do表示“让某人做某事”，如：(5)。get 宾语donehave sth.done表示“使某事被做”，如：(6)。send宾语to do表示“派某人去做某事”归归 纳纳 总总 结结Have宾语规则规则5：have带宾补的结构带宾补的结构do意为“让某人做某事”，如：(9)。doing意为“让某人一直做某事”，如：(10)。done意为“让人做了某事”或遭遇某事，如(11)have宾语to do意为“有某事要做”(主语本人做)，如：(12)。to be done意为“有要做的事情”(不是主语本人做)，如：(12)。规则规则4：make带宾补的结构 使役动词make宾语do/done；宾语与do 为主动关系，与done是被动关系；如make 在被动语态中，to要还原，如：(7)、(8)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结规规则则6：keep/leave宾语doing(主动，且持续进行)/done(被动)，如：(13)。规规则则7：catch宾语doing表示“发现某人正在做某事”，宾语与doing为主动，且正在进行，如：(14)。规规 则则 8：find 宾 语 doing(主 动，正 在 进 行)/done(被动、状态或完成)，如：(15)。规规 则则 9：want/order/ask/wish/like 宾 语 (to be)done(宾语与done之间为被动关系)，如：(16)。熟熟 读读 深深 思思7.with复合结构复合结构(1)With the children following him,he had to go back to the park.翻译：_(2)With the work_(完成）,he could go home.(3)With the weather so hot,they went in to have a rest.(4)His wife came down the stairs,with a book in her hand(a book in her handbook in hand)(5)The students stood in line with the national flag _(raise).finishedbeing raised归归 纳纳 总总 结结 with复合结构常在句中充当状语。它由“with宾语补语”组成，其中，宾语和宾补之间必须有逻辑一致关系。其结构为：With 宾语 adv./prep.如：(4)。adj.如：(3)。doing(主动，同时)/being done(正在被)，如：(1)、(5)。done(被动或完成)，如：(2)。to do(与宾语有动宾关系，表示将要发生的动作)TestHomework1.Go over the important points 2.Do exercise on P98 C1、C2