大学英语3阅读理解2.pdf

阅读理解2Passage 1The French Revolution broke out in 1789.At the time France was in a crisis.The government wasbadly run and peoples lives were miserable.King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament andraise more taxes.But his effort failed.He ordered his troops to Versailles.The people thought that Louisintended to put down the Revolution by force.On July 14,1789,they stormed and took the Bastille,wherepolitical prisoners were kept.Ever since that day,July 14 has been the French National Day.Louis tried toflee the country in 1792 to get support from Austria and Prussia.However,he was caught and put inprison.In September 1792,the monarchy was abolished.In the same year,Louis was executed.A fewmonths later his wife,Marie also had her head cut off.The Revolution of France had frightened the otherkings of Europe.Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France.The French raisedrepublican armies to defend the nation.The Revolution went through a period of terror.Thousands ofpeople lost their lives.In the end,power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte.(190 words)法国大革命于 1789年爆发。当时法国正处在一片混乱中，政府腐败，人民生活凄惨。路易十六世企图控制议会并增加赋税，但最后失败了。他命令军队进入凡尔赛。人民都认为他企图用武力镇压革命。1789年7月14日，人民群众爆发了，攻占了关押政治犯的巴士底狱。从那天以后，7月14日就被定为法国的国庆日。1792年，路易十六企图逃离法国，并从奥地利和普鲁士获得支持，但他被捕了。1792年王室被废除，路易十六被处以死刑。几个月后，他的妻子，玛丽也被处以死刑。法国大革命令欧洲其它国家的国王感到害怕。奥地利和普鲁士的军队进入了法国。法国人民组织起了共和军来保卫祖国，革命陷入了一个艰苦阶段。成千上万的人牺牲了。最后，权力落入了拿破仑.波拿巴手中。6.Whats this passage about?A.France.B.King Louis.7.Which did not happen in 1789?A.The French Revolution broke out.C.The government wasnt well run.8.Where were the political prisoners kept?A.In Versailles.B.In Austria.C.The French Revolution.D.Europe.B.The national economy was developing rapidly.。D.King Louis XIV was in power.C.In Prussia.D.In Bastille.9.What does the underlined word“abolished mean?A.Put off.B.Established.C.United.D.Ended.10.What was NOT the effect of the Revolution?A.July 14 has become the French National Day.B.It brought some impact on the other European Kings.C.Louiss wife,Marie was killed.D.The king tried to control the national parliament.Passage 2A foreigners first impression of the U.S.is likely to be that everyone is in a rush-often underpressure.City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly,seekingattention in a store,and elbowing others as they try to complete their en*ands(任 务),Racing throughdaytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.一个外国人对于美国的第一印象很有可能是每个人都在压力下匆匆忙忙。城市里的人总是表现得匆匆忙忙不知疲倦的，为了尽快做完一件事情,他们会在店里拼命引起店员的注意或者用胳膊肘推操别人。白天匆忙就餐也是这个国家生活节奏的一个部分。Working time is considered precious.Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish sothat they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed.Each person hurries to makeroom for the next person.If you dont,waiters will hurry you.工作时间被认为是很珍贵的。在一些公共饮食场所，其他人会等在你旁边等你吃完，这样大家都可以得到服务，并赶在规定的时间内回去工作。每个人都会尽快给下一个人腾出地方。如果你不这样，侍者会催促你的。You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you.You will miss smiles,briefconversations,and small courtesies with strangers.Dont take it personally.This is because people valuetime highly,and they resent someone else“wasting“it beyond a certain courtesy point.你会发现司机也都很匆忙，人们从你身边匆匆走过。你会错过一些微笑，简短的交谈和一些与陌生人的小礼节。不要在意，这是因为他们非常珍惜时间，而且他们认为一旦太注重这些社交礼节就是浪费时间。The view of time affects the importance we attach to patience.In the American system of values,patience is not a high priority.Many of us have what might be called“a short fuse.We begin to moverestlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some retumbe this in terms of pleasure,workvalue,or rest.Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter ofpace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life.对时间的观念还会影响到我们对耐心的理解。在美国价值体系中，耐心并不是首要考虑的。我们中的很多人被称为“脾气火爆。如果我们觉得时间在毫无意义的溜走，既没有娱乐价值，工作价值，也不在休息，那就会开始不停地徘徊。那些来自时间观念不同的国家的人发现他们在商业和日常生活中最困难的就是对时间节奏的适应。Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call,for example,theywill miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee they may be traditional intheir own country.They may miss leisurely business chats in a cafe or coffeehouse.Normally,Americansdo not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks.We seek out evidenceof past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies.Since wegenerally assess and probe professionally rather than socially,we start talking business very quickly.(348words)分多刚到美国来的人都会想念他们在商业会谈中一些开场礼节。举个例子，他们会想A欢迎你到来而泡的一杯茶或咖啡这样的社交礼仪，这在他们国家是常规礼仪。他们会想念在咖啡屋悠闲的会谈。而通常，美国人不会与来访者在这么悠闲的环境中进行一些冗长的小会谈。对于同事，我们总是看他过去的表现而不是与他的社交礼仪。因为我们一般都是更注重专业性的，而不是社交性的，因此我们总是很快进入正题。11.Which of the following statements is wrong?A.Americans seem to be always under pressure.B.Americans attach less importance to patience.C.Americans dont care much about ritual socializing.D.Americans are impolite to their business colleagues.12.In the fourth paragraph,ua high priority means.A.a less important thing B.a first concern C.a good business D.an attractive gift13.Americans evaluate a business colleagueA.through social courtesy B.through prolonged business talksC.by establishing business relations D.by learning about their past performance14.This passage mainly talks about.A.how Americans treasure their timeB.how busy Americans are every dayC.how Americans do business with foreignersD.what American way of life is like15.We can infer from the passage that the authors tone in writing is.A.critical B.ironical C.appreciative D.objectivePassage 3Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo.She was leaving hernative country to join her sister in the United States.She spoke English very well.Though she was veryhappy she could go abroad,she was feeling sad at leaving her family and fiends.As she was thinking allabout this,she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on thescales（称）.Maria pulled and pulled.The bag was too heavy and she just couldnt lift it up.The manbehind her got very impatient.He,too,was waiting to check in his luggage.Maria,十六岁，她正在圣多明各（多米尼加首都）的机场排队等候。她正要离开自己的祖国去美国和她的姐姐团聚。她的英语讲得很好。虽然她要出国了觉得很高兴，但此时要离开她的家人和朋友也很伤心。正在她想这些的时候，她突然听到机场的工作人员正在叫她把行李放到称上。Maria拉了又拉，包太重，她根本抬不起来。她后面的男人很不耐烦了。他也是等着托运行李的。“Whats wrong with this girl?”He said,“Why doesnt she hurry up?”He moved forward andplaced his bag on the counter,hoping to check in fist.He was in a hurry to get a good seat.这女孩怎么了？”他说道，“她为什么不快点？”他走到前面，把包放在台上，希望能先登记。他急着想要得到一个好的座位。Maria was very angry,but she was very polite.And in her best English she said,“Why are you soupset?There are enough seats for everyone on the plane.If you are in such a hurry,why cant you giveme a hand with my luggage?,Maria很生气，但她很有礼貌。她用最优美的英语说，“你为什么如此不耐烦？飞机上的每个人都有座位。如果你真的很急，为什么不能帮我搬一下行李？”The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English.He quickly picked up her luggage and steppedback.Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.（224 words）这男人听至U Maria 会讲英语觉得很惊讶。他很快拿起自己的行李退了回去。每个人都很不赞成得看着他。6.Marias story h a p p e n e d.A.when she was leaving America B.on her way back to Santo DomingoC.before she left the USA D.when she arrived at the airport7.You believer that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to at the airport.A.help carry peoples luggage B.ask people to pick up the luggageC.check peoples luggage D.take care of peoples luggage8.“Why are you so upset?”Maria said to the man.She wanted to tell him that he should not be.A.surprised B.sad C.unhappy D.sorry9.Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.This sentence means that the people around feltA.worried about Maria B.worried about the manC.sorry for Marias manners D.sorry for the mans manners10.The author mentioned Marias age at the beginning of the story in order to show that.A.she was young but behaved properly B.she would not have left home aloneC.everyone around her was wrong D.it was not good that nobody offered to help herPassage 4Britain and France are separated by the English Channel,a body of water that can be crossed in asfew as 20 minutes.But the cultures of the two countries sometimes seem to be miles apart.英国和法国被英吉利海峡阻隔，游泳穿越该海峡只要不到20分钟的时间。但这两个国家的文化有时相差十万八千里。Last Thursday Britain and France celebrated the 100lh anniversary（周年名己念）of the signing of afriendship agreement called the Entente Cordiality.The agreement marked a new beginning for thecountries following centuries of wars and love-hate partnership.上星期四，英国和法国庆祝了 友好协议签 订100周年的纪念活动。该协议标志着两个国家在经历了几个世纪的战争和爱恨交织的关系后的新篇章。But their relationship has been ups and downs over the past century.Just last year,there were fiercedisagreements over the Iraq war-which British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported despite FrenchPresident Jacques Chirac speaking out against it.This discomfort is expressed in Blair and Chiracs bodylanguage at international meetings.While the French leader often greets German Chancellor GerhardSchroeder with a hug（拥抱）,Blair just receives a handshake.However,some political experts say thewar in Ii叫could in fact have helped ties.但他们的关系在上个世纪也经历了几番起落。仅去年，对伊拉克战争问题进行了激烈的争论英国首相布莱尔支持而法国总统希拉克反对。国际会议中，这种别扭在布莱尔和希拉克的身体语言中表现得很明显。当法国领导人频频与德国总理格哈特施罗德拥抱时，布莱尔只得到了握手。然而，有些政治专家说正是伊拉克战争促进了两国的关系。The history of divisions may well be because of the very different ways in which the two sides seethe world.But this doesnt stop 12 million Britons taking holidays in France each year.However,only 3million French come in the opposite direction.Surveys（调查）show that most French people feel closer tothe Germans than they do to the British.And the research carried out in Britain has found that only a thirdof the population believes the French can be trusted.Perhaps this bad feeling comes because the Britishdislike Frances close relationship with Germany,or because the French are not happy with Britains closelinks with the US.这种历来的分离也许是好的，因为这两个国家对世界的看法完全不同。但是这并没有阻隔1200万的英国人每年到法国度假。而法国仅有300万的人民去英国度假。调查显示大多数法国人对德国人比对英国人亲切。并且在英国进行的调查显示仅有1/3的英国人信任法国人。也许这种坏的感觉是因为英国人不喜欢法国跟德国的亲密关系，或者因为法国对英国和美国的亲密关系感到不悦。Whatever the answer is,as both sides celebrate 100 years of“doubtful friendship”,they are at leastable to make jokes about each other.Heres one:Whats the best thing about Britains relationship withFrance?The English Channel.（320 words）不论答案是什么，双方能在一起庆祝这种“不确定的友好关系”100周年，至少证明他们会相互开玩笑了。其中一条就是：英国与法国的关系的最好见证是什么？是英吉利海峡。11.For centuries,the relationship between Britain and France is.A.friendly B.impolite C.brotherly D.a mixture of love and hate12.The war in Iraq does to the relationship between France and Britain.A.good B.harm C.neither good nor harm D.both good and harm13.The British are not so friendly to and the French are not so friendly to.A.Germany;America B.America;GermanyC.Germany;Germany D.America;America14.are more interested in having holidays in.A.American people.Britain B.British people.GermanyC.French people.Britain D.British people.France15.What does the last sentence mean?A.As long as the English Channel exists,no further disagreement will form between France andBritain.B.The English Channel can prevent anything unfriendly happening in both France and Britain.C.France and Britain are near neighbors,and this will help balance the relationship between them.D.The English Channel is the largest enemy between France and Britain.Passage 5Community service is an important component of education here at our university.We encourageall students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate.A new communityprogram called“One On One“helps elementary students whove fallen behind.Your education majorsmight be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching,that is,tutoringin math and English.社区服务是我们大学教育的一个重要的部分。我们鼓励所有的学生在毕业前至少从事一项社区活动。一项新的叫做“一对一”的社区计划是用于帮助那些落后的小学生的。读教育专业的学生也许对这项计划尤其感兴趣，因为它为你提供了教学(教数学和英语)的机会。Youd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester.You can choose to help a child withmath,English,or both.Half-hour lessons are fine,so you could do a half hour of each subject two days aweek.你在一个学期内每周得自愿工作两小时。你可以选择教小孩数学，英语，或两者都教。一节课半小时比较好，因此你可以每周教两天，每次每门课半小时。Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors-hell be available to help you with lessonplans or to offer suggestions for activities.He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon.You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week.道奇教授将担任这些家庭教师的顾问。他会帮你制订教学计划或提供活动的建议。他的办公时间是每周二和周四下午。你可以在他那签约参与这个计划并于下周开始工作。Im sure youll enjoy this community service.and youll gain valuable experience at the sametime.It looks good on your resume,too,showing that youve had experience with children and that youcare about your community.If youd like to sign up,or if you have any questions,stop by ProfessorDodges office this week.(220 words)我确信你会喜欢这项社区服务，同时你也能获得宝养的经验。能在你的简历上表明你有教孩子的经验而且你能关心你的社区，应该是很不错的一件事。如果你愿意签约或如果你有任何问题，于本周前往道奇教授的办公室。6.What is the purpose of the talk?A.To explain a new requirement for graduation.B.To interest students in a new community program.C.To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D.To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.7.What is the purpose of the program that the speaker describes?A.To find jobs for graduating students.B.To help education majors prepare for final exams.C.To offer tutorials to elementary school students.D.To provide funding for a community service project.8.What does Professor Dodge do?A.He advises students to participate in certain program.B.He teaches part-time in an elementary school.C.He observes elementary school students in the classroom.D.He helps students prepare their resumes.9.What should students who are interested in the tutorials do?A.Contact the elementary school.B.Sign up for a special class.C.Submit a resume to the dean.D.Talk to Professor Dodge.10.Whom do you think the speaker addresses?A.Faculty.B.Students.C.Residents D.Graduated students.Passage 6Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man.Wide spread use of writtenlanguage would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on.Theinvention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed anddistributed.Together with the printing press,paper provided an extremely important way to communicateknowledge.纸是人类发明的最重要的产品之一。没有一些便宜而又实用的材料来写的话，书面语也不可能广泛传播。纸的发明意味着更多的人可以接受教育，因为更多的书可以印出来并分发出去。纸和印刷一起为知识的交流提供了极其重要的途径。How much paper do you use every year?Probably you cannot answer that question quickly.In1990 the worlds use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year.Now some countries use asmuch as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year.Countries like the United States,England andSweden use more paper than other countries.我们每年用多少纸呢？也许你无法很快回答出这个问题。在1900年，全世界的用纸量是每年人均一公斤左右。现在有些国家的用量达到每年人均50公斤。像美国，英国和瑞典这样的国家的用量远超其他各国。Paper,like many other things that we use today,was first made in China.In Egypt and the West,paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400.The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material madeof a water plant.Europeans used parchment for ma