2021届中考英语精讲复习 情态动词（要点提示+专项专练）.doc

情态动词的基本用法情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，但它必须和实义动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，情态动词后接动词原形。初中学过的情态动词有can, could, may, must, need, shall, should, will, would, have to等。1. can / could表示能力（等于be able to）或客观可能性；还可以表示请求或允许；用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中还可以表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。Can / Could I .? 表示请求对方许可（用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气，但答语必须用can）；Can / Could you .? 用来表示说话人征求对方意见（用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气）。2. may表示许可或允许，意为“可以”。May I .? 表示征求对方许可，否定回答一般用mustnt或cant。3. must意为“必须、应当”，表示义务、命令或必要；在回答must引出的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt 或dont have to，表示“没有必要”。4. need作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“需要”或“必要”（need用于肯定句时，常作实义动词，有人称和数的变化）。5. shall表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。6. should意为“应该”，表示义务、责任，可用于各种句式。7. will用于疑问句中，表示说话人向对方提出请求或建议；还可以用来表示做某事的意志、意愿、决心或打算。8. would表示过去的习惯性动作，有“总是、常常”的意思；还可表意愿、拒绝、请求等。9. have to意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，能用于多种时态；而must强调说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化。【专项练习】. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. Must we clean the classroom now? No, you_.A. mustB. needntC. should D. cant( )2. You_ be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. A. willB. mustC. can D. may( )3. May I go surfing alone, Dad? No, you_. It is dangerous.A. may notB. cantC. needntD. dont( )4. Should I call Mary here right away? No, you_ . She is on the way here.A. mustntB. cantC. may not D. neednt( )5. _ you mind closing the door?No, not at all.A. Would B. Can C. May D. Should( )6. I said I _do anything for him.A. wouldB. willC. have to D. need( )7. Its a secret between us. Dont tell anybody else. _.A. I doB. I dontC. I will D. I wont( )8. You must come to the meeting on time. OK, I _.A. mustB. have toC. will D. should( )9. At the age of seven, I _speak a little English.A. have toB. couldC. can D. should( )10. Many of the stars_, because they are far away from us.A. may not see B. cant be seenC. mustnt be seenD. neednt see( )11. Could I call you by the first name? Yes, you _.A. willB. couldC. mightD. can( )12. Must I return the book tomorrow morning?No, you_ . You _ keep it for three days.A. mustnt; mayB. mustnt; mustC. neednt; can D. neednt; must( )13. May I go out to play basketball, Dad?No, you _. You must finish your homework first.A. mustnt B. may notC. couldnt D. neednt( )14. Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?Sorry. I _look after my little sister at home.A. canB. mayC. wouldD. have to( )15. Would you like to go fishing with me this afternoon?Id love to, but Im afraid I_ . I have too much work to do.A. cant B. mustntC. neednt D. may not( )16. What a nice day! _we go hiking? Good idea.A. ShallB. MustC. NeedD. Will( )17. We_ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. mayB. shouldC. canD. could( )18. Must I come at four? Oh, no, you _.A. dont B. mustntC. dont have toD. cant( )19. _ you get me some paper, please?A. ShallB. MayC. NeedD. Will( )20. May I put my bike here? No, you _. You _put it over there.A. may not; mayB. neednt; must C. mustnt; shouldD. wont; should. 请按要求完成下列各句，每空一词（含缩写）。1. My brother can play chess. （改为一般疑问句）_ _ brother _chess?2. You should do the dishes. （改为否定句）You_ _ the dishes.3. Could I open the window?（作肯定回答）_ , _ _.4. May I smoke here? （作否定回答）_, _ _ .5. He must do it himself. （改为同义句）He _ _ _ it himself.6. My sister can ride a bike.（用when she was 10 years old改写句子）My sister _ _ a bike when she was 10 years old.7. You must sell your car.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）_ _ sell my car?Yes, you _. / No, you_ .8. The boy is able to write with his left hand.（改为同义句）The boy _ _ with his left hand.参考答案情态动词的基本用法专项练习. 1-5 BBBDA 6-10 ADCBB 11-15 DCADA 16-20 ABCDC. 1. Can your, play 2. shouldnt do 3. Yes, you can 4. No, you cant / mustnt 5. has to do 6. could ride 7. Must I; must; neednt 8. can write情态动词表示推测【要点提示】情态动词表示推测是其重要用法之一。可用来表示推测的情态动词主要有must, can / could, may / might等。肯定推测：must, can / could, may / might都可以表示肯定推测。must 表示把握性极强的推测，意为“肯定、一定”；can / could和 may / might表示把握性不大的推测，意为“也许、可能”。否定推测：cant 意为“不可能”，表示很有把握的否定推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示把握性不太大的否定推测。【专项练习】. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. A teacher _also make a mistake if he or she is not careful enough.A. mustB. may C. should D. has to( )2. What are you going to eat for supper? I_ have noodles or rice.A. need B. mustC. may D. should( )3. Wheres Lucy? Im not sure. She_ be in the school library.A. need B. must C. may D. will( )4. Look! Mr King is on the other side of the street.It _be him. He has gone to Lanzhou.A. mustnt B. cantC. shouldnt D. wont( )5. Hurry up! Dad _for us at the train station.A. must wait B. must be waitingC. need waitD. need be waiting( )6. Tom. Dont drive too fast. You _hit the others cars.OK, I wont, Mum.A. must B. needC. might D. have to( )7. Whose book is this? It _be Peters. He entered the classroom just now.A. need B. could C. should D. will( )8. There _ many animals in the park. You are right.A. has to B. have toC. may haveD. may be( )9. You mean this CD _ belong to Victor?Yes, it has his name on it.A. mustB. may C. might D. can( )10. Theres somebody at the door. It _be Jim.It _be him. Its just seven oclock. Its too early.A. can; cantB. will; wont C. should; mustnt D. need; may not. 请根据句意，从方框中选择适当的单词填空。must, may, cant1. Such a businessman _ be honest. He gets his money in such a dishonest way.2. Marys parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. They_ be very rich.3. Excuse me, is this the right way to No. 10 Middle School?Sorry, Im not sure. It _be.参考答案情态动词表示推测专项练习. 1-5 BCCBB 6-10 CBDAA. 1. cant 2. must 3. may5