2021届中考英语精讲复习 句子类型（要点提示+专项专练）.doc

句子类型【要点提示】英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1. 简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成，其五种基本句型分别为：“主语 + 不及物动词”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语”、“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”、“主语 + 双宾动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。2. 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句（即分句）组成。常用的连词或副词有and, but, or, then, so等。3. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。初中阶段要求掌握宾语从句和状语从句的简单用法。【考点分述】句子类型的考点主要集中在复合句上面，下面就初中阶段需要掌握的复合句的用法作一归纳。1. 宾语从句1）由that引导的宾语从句。有大量的动词可以接that引导的宾语从句，如advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish等。2）由连接代（副）词引导的宾语从句。这类连接代（副）词主要有what, who, which, where, why, how, whether, if等。3）直接引语变间接引语时常用到宾语从句。2. 状语从句1）时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I wont go out until my mother returns.2) 地点状语从句。地点状语从句通常由where，wherever等引导。3) 原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由because,since, as等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：because 和 so 不能同时出现一个句子中。例如：Because she failed again, so she was unhappy. （×）She failed again, so she was unhappy. （）4) 条件状语从句。条件状语从句通常由if, unless等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：If you will work hard, youll succeed. （×）If you work hard, youll succeed. （）5) 目的状语从句。目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that等引导。6) 结果状语从句。结果状语从句通常由so, so .that, such . that等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在such . that引导的结果状语从句中，such 后接名词, 在so . that引导的结果状语从句中，so后接形容词或副词。当名词前有many, few, much, little等词时，通常用so，而不用such。例如：Eric was so good at Maths that he got the first place in the Maths contest.He gave me such good advice that I finished the task easily.Mike had so little money that he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 让步状语从句。让步状语从句通常由even though, even if, although, though等来引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在含有although或though引导的让步状语从句的复合句中，主句不能同时出现but。例如：Although / Though he is famous, but he is not happy. （×）Although / Though he is famous, he is not happy. （）8) 方式状语从句。方式状语从句通常由as引导。9) 比较状语从句。比较状语从句通常由as / so .as，than等引导。【专项练习】. 请根据汉语句子意思，将下列句子译成英语。1. 她很早就到了。_2. 这种纸摸起来很柔软。_3. 你能把那本字典递给我吗？_ 4. 我停下来找那支钢笔，但没找到。_5. 上个月我们选了他当班长。_6. 我听见那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。_7. 他的女儿嫁给了一个工程师。_8. 湖里有许多鱼。_9. 这就是你想要的那本杂志。_10. 我认为他在八点前不会回来的。_. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. We wont get there on time _ we leave early tomorrow morning.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. because( )2. _they had finished their work, they went home.A. WhenB. While C. AfterD. Until( )3. The students cant answer the question, _ it is too hard.A. before B. although C. afterD. because( )4. He didnt go home _the rain stopped.A. whenB. afterC. sinceD. until( )5. Have you found your gloves?Yes, they were lying _ I often put my watch.A. whatB. which C. howD. where( )6. He wants to find a better job_ he canmake more money.A. as soon asB. so thatC. whereD. while( )7. You must take the medicine_ you get well.A. whileB. sinceC. tillD. so( )8. The old man helped lots of children with their schooling, _he was not rich enough.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. though( )9. Why dont you join the basketball club? _I am not interested in it.A. BecauseB. ForC. AsD. Since ( )10. _ he is rich, _there is something that he cant buy.Yes. Such as friendship and love.A. Because, 不填B. Though, 不填C. Because, soD. Though, but ( )11._he is old, he is healthy enough.A. If B. But C. As soon as D. Although( )12. _I thought the book was boring, the other students in my class liked it.A. SoB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. If( )13. You will make great progress_ you study very hard.A. ifB. unlessC. beforeD. until( )14. How long have you been collecting stamps? _I was ten years old.A. WhenB. SinceC. BeforeD. After( )15._ I didnt feel well yesterday, I asked for leave.A. Although B. ButC. Unless D. Because( )16. Where is my radio?You lent it to me _ you were in the classroom yesterday.A. whenB. where C. because D. before( )17. You should ask for your motherssuggestions _ you make your own decision.A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. as( )18. He met many difficulties _he waslooking for his first job.A. beforeB. as soon asC. whileD. until( )19. You can cross the street_ the traffic lights turn green.A. thoughB. butC. beforeD. after( )20. Well go climbing if it_ this weekend.A. wont rain B. isnt rainingC. wasnt rainingD. doesnt rain( )21. Dont worry. I will help you _ I finish my work.A. whileB. as soon asC. unless D. though( )22. _I was having dinner, Scott called me.A. SinceB. WhileC. BecauseD. If( )23. She can run as fast_ her mother, she is only ten years old.A. as, thoughB. as, unlessC. than, whenD. than, as( )24. _you have come, you shouldnt go away soon.A. Although B. Because C. Since D. So that( )25. Do you mind _I go to visit your farm this weekend?A. ifB. becauseC. asD. until( )26. The boy had been sent to hospital _the policemen came.A. asB. whileC. whenD. if( )27. Mary finds it easier to speak_ to writeA. asB. thanC. soD. if( )28. He was watching TV_ the alien (外星人) came in.A. whileB. asC. sinceD. when( )29. _ he refused my invitation, I was not angry with him.A. BecauseB. ButC. ThoughD. As( )30. He ate _food _ he couldnt go to sleep quickly.A. so much, thatB. so many, soC. so much, asD. so many, that . 同义句转换，每空一词（含缩写）。1. He went to sleep after eleven oclock.He _go to sleep_ eleven oclock.2. Put on your coat, and youll feel very warm._ you put on your coat, _feel very warm.3. He is too tired to go any farther.He is_ tired _ he cant go any farther.4. I will open the box if you dont let me know whats in it.I will open the box _ you _ _ _ whats in it.5. Tom is so clever that we all like him.Tom is _ _ _ boy that we all like him. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. He wont go home until the rain will stop. _ 2. Since her parents had died, so she had to work to support herself. _3. He was running on the playground such fast as he could. _4. He is very careful that he never makes mistakes. _5. Helen had gone out while her mother got home. _6. The building of our school is higher as that of their school. _7. I gave him such much help that he was moved to tears. _ 8. Though she was ill, she couldnt come to school. _9. He didnt come back since it was ten oclock. _10. Can you tell me that theres a bookstore near here?_ . 请根据句意，用适当的连接词填空，使句意完整、通顺。1. _he opened the window，a bird flew in.2. I havent heard from him _ he went abroad.3. He ran _fast _ no one could catch him.4. Jenny will not go swimming with us _she is too busy.5. I felt very sad_ the book was lost.6. Dont move just stay _ you are!7. Ill continue writing to her, _she never answers.8. He explained clearly _ we could understand.9. Dont leave the classroom_ you finish the test.10. She sings _ she walks.11. He wont come to the party _ he is invited.12. _ she is only seven years old，she knows quite a lot.13. _he is not old, his hair is turning grey.14. The teacher didnt begin his class_ all the students were seated.15. _ James caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.16. _ you go to bed earlier, you wont feel tired in the morning.17. I was watching TV, _ my sister was listening to music.18. The classroom is not so clean_ it was yesterday.19. More and more foreigners are learning Chinese_ they can communicate well with the Chinese.20. _ I get to Guangzhou, I will write to you. 请选择适当的词语填空（每项限用一次）。1. when, while, as, as soon as, until, since(1) Its many years_the World War . (2) Ill tell you the good news _ I get there.(3) He didnt go to bed _11 oclock last night.(4) We were swimming in the river _ it started to rain.(5) Sports build our body_ reading builds our mind.(6) He jumps_ he goes along.2. so . that, such . that, so that(1) The animals were _ lovely _I spent the whole day in the zoo.(2) Id like to arrive there 20 minutes earlier _I can have time for a cup of tea.(3) Its _a big fish _it needsmany people to catch it.3. because, since(1) _ you have grown up, you should not depend on your parents.(2) He couldnt come to your party _ he was ill.4. although, though, but(1) _ it was so cold, he went out without a coat.(2) The article is excellent, _ it is very short.(3) Some people think winter is a bad season, _ its a good season for me because I love snow.5. if, unless, as, than(1) _ you come early, you will meet him.(2) He will come to your party _he has something else to do.(3) Li Jun is taller_ Li Ming.(4) Air is to man _water is to fish.参考答案句子类型专项练习. 1. She arrived quite early. 2. The kind of paper feels very soft. 3. Could you please pass me the dictionary? / Could you please pass the dictionary to me? 4. I stopped to look for the pen, but I found nothing. 5. We chose him as our monitor last month. 6. I heard the girl singing in the next room. 7. His daughter married an engineer. 8. There are many fish in the lake. 9. This is the magazine (that / which) you want. 10. I dont suppose that he will come back before eight oclock. 1-5 BCDDD 6-10 BCDAB 11-15 DCABD 16-20 ABCDD 21-25 BBACA 26-30 CBDCA. 1. didnt, until 2. If, youll 3. so, that 4. unless, let me know 5. such a clever . 1. will stopstops 2. 去掉so 3. suchas 4. veryso 5. whilewhen / before 6. asthan 7. suchso 8. ThoughBecause 9. sinceuntil / till 10. thatif / whether. 1. When / After 2. since 3. so, that 4. if / because 5. because / after 6. where 7. though / although / even though / even if 8. so that / in order that 9. before / until / unless 10. as 11. unless 12. Although / Though 13. Although / Though 14. until 15. Because 16. If 17. while 18. as 19. so that / in order that 20. As soon as / After / When . 1. (1)since (2)as soon as (3)until (4)when (5)while (6)as 2. (1)so, that (2)so that (3)such, that 3. (1)Since (2)because 4. (1)Although / Though (2)although / though (3)but 5. (1)If (2)unless (3)than (4)as 6