[特岗教师(地方)考试密押题库与答案解析]辽宁省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题汇编2013年.docx

特岗教师(地方)考试密押题库与答案解析辽宁省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题汇编2013年特岗教师(地方)考试密押题库与答案解析辽宁省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题汇编2013年辽宁省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题汇编2013年第一部分 教育理论与实践.单项选择题问题:1. 学习动机是指激发个体进行学习活动、维持已引起的学习活动，并使行为朝向一定的学习目标的一种内在过程或内部心理状态，它包括两个基本组成部分：一个是学习需要，另一个是_。A.认知动机B.自我提高动机C.自我效能感D.学习期待答案:D解析 学习动机是激发个体进行学习活动、维持已引起的学习活动并使行为朝向一定的学习目标的一种内在过程或内部心理状态。学习动机的两个基本组成成分为学习需要和学习期待，两者相互作用形成学习的动机系统。本题的选项中A和B都属于成就动机，选项C自我效能感由班杜拉提出，是对自己能否完成某项任务的主观判断。因此本题的正确答案为D。问题:2. 工作记忆中为了保持信息，运用内部语言在大脑中重现学习材料或刺激，以便将注意力维持在学习材料上的方法称为_。A.组织策略B.复述策略C.计划策略D.调节策略答案:B解析 复述策略是在工作记忆中为了保持信息，运用内部语言在大脑中重现学习材料或刺激，以便将注意力维持在学习材料上的学习策略。问题:3. 地理课中地形地貌和地理位置的学习，是_。A.命题学习B.符号学习C.概念学习D.上位学习答案:B解析 命题学习指学习由若干概念组成的句子的复合意义，即学习若干概念之间的关系。符号学习指学习单个符号或一组符号的意义，或者说学习符号本身代表什么，符号学习的主要内容是词汇学习。但符号学习不限于语言符号，也包括非语言符号(如实物、图像、图表、图形等)，还包括事实性知识的学习，如历史课中历史事件和历史人物的学习，地理课中地形地貌和地理位置的学习。概念学习指掌握概念的一般意义，实质上是掌握同类事物的共同关键特征和本质属性。上位学习也叫总括学习，当认知结构中已经形成某些概括程度较低的观念，在这些原有观念的基础上学习一个概括或包容程度更高的概念或命题时，便产生上位学习。由此可知，本题选B。问题:4. 教师在教育工作中要做到循序渐进，这是因为_。A.学生只有机械记忆的能力B.教师的知识、能力是不一样的C.教育活动要遵循人的身心发展的一般规律D.教育活动完全受到人的遗传素质的制约答案:C解析 循序渐进的教学，是一种按照科学的逻辑系统和学生的认识发展规律进行的教学，目的是使学生系统地掌握基础知识，形成基本技能和一定的思维能力。违背人的发展规律的教育是难以达到效果的。问题:5. 某学生在研究事物时，容易受他人态度的影响，这位学生的认知方式很可能属于_。A.场依存型B.场独立型C.冲动型D.沉思型答案:A解析 场依存型学习者的知觉倾向难以摆脱环境因素的影响，从题干可知这位学生的认知方式很可能属于场依存型。.简答题(5分)问题:1. 培养和建设班集体，班主任需做好哪方面的工作?答案:(1)确定班集体的共同目标； (2)充分发挥班委会的作用； (3)制定班级规章制度； (4)发挥集体活动的教育作用； (5)培养正确的舆论和良好的班风。 论述题(10分)问题:1. 论述掌握知识与发展智力相统一的教学规律。答案:(1)教学过程既是向学生传授系统的科学文化知识的过程，又是发展学生智力的过程，两者有着本质上的联系。 掌握知识和发展智力相互依存、相互促进。 掌握知识是发展智力的基础，发展智力又是掌握知识的必要条件，两者相互联系、辩证统一。 (2)掌握知识是智力发展的主要基础。学生的智力是在掌握知识技能的过程中形成、发展和表现出来的；离开或排斥掌握知识，则不利于智力发展。 (3)发展智力又是掌握知识的必要条件。学生具有一定的智力，是进一步掌握文化知识的必要条件，直接影响到学生掌握知识的广度、深度、巩固程度和运用程度。实践表明，智力发展水平的高低影响着学生对知识的掌握。 (4)教学过程中既要重视学生智力的发展，又要重视知识的掌握。 教师应重视学生智力的发展。智力的发展是学生掌握文化科学知识的必要条件，能有效提高学生的学习效率。 教师应引导学生自觉地掌握和运用知识。知识虽然并不等于智力，知识掌握得多也并不一定表明智力发展得好，但两者互相联系，教师应调动学生学习的积极性，引导学生自觉地掌握知识，促进学生智力的发展。 要防止单纯抓知识或只重视智力发展的片面倾向。 (5)知识和智力的相互转化。知识不等于智力，学生掌握知识的多少并不完全表明其智力的高低。要引导学生在掌握知识的同时，有效地发展他们的智力和认识能力。知识与智力的相互转化应注意以下条件： 传授给学生的知识应该是科学的规律性的知识。 必须科学地组织教学过程。 重视教学中学生的操作与活动，培养学生的参与意识与能力，提供学生积极参与实践的时间和空间。 培养学生良好的个性品质，重视学生的个别差异。 第二部分 英语专业基础知识. 词汇与结构/Vocabulary and structure问题:1. Japan says its prime minister promised to provide the world with "maximum transparency" about _ accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant during _ telephone call.A.the; aB.the; theC.an; theD.an; a答案:A解析 福岛核电站的事故应用定冠词the；而电话谈话没有指明是哪一次，因此用不定冠词表泛指。句意：日本表示，日本首相在一次电话谈话中承诺以“最大的透明度”向全世界通报福岛核电站的事故情况。问题:2. At first it seemed that the building would be all right but later it was found to need _ which required careful designing.A.installationsB.modificationsC.innovationsD.illustrations答案:B解析 installation意为“安装”；modification意为“更改，修改”；innovation意为“革新”；illustration意为“说明”。根据句意“起初这栋建筑看起来似乎都没有问题，但是之后发现它需要作详细的设计修改”可知，B项正确。问题:3. The civil war in Libya that _ on March 12 _ for a week until now.A.broke out; has lastedB.breaking out; was lastedC.was broken out; has lastedD.broke out; lasting答案:A解析 句意：3月12日爆发的利比亚内战到目前为止已经持续一周了。本句是一个主从复合句，它的时间状语是3月12日，因此定语从句的谓语用一般过去时，且break out为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，因此排除B、C两项，until now与现在完成时连用，排除D项，故选A。问题:4. It was not until the subprime loan crisis(次贷危机) had caused great damage to the American financial system _ Americans realized the severity (严重性) of the situation.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when答案:B解析 “not until the subprime loan crisis(次贷危机) had caused great damage to the American financial system”是被强调部分，因此后面用that引导主句。句意：直到次贷危机给美国的金融系统造成了巨大危害时，美国人才意识到局势的严重性。问题:5. In order to make people to _ money to the sick baby, he suggested the mother kneel down every few meters in the street.A.distributeB.provideC.affordD.donate答案:D解析 句意：为了使人们给那个生病的孩子捐钱，他建议孩子的母亲在大街上每隔几米就下跪一次。distribute意为“分配，分发”；provide.for.意为“为提供”；afford意为“买得起，付得起”；donate意为“捐赠，赠送”。根据题意，故选D。问题:6. "It was in that raining day _ the accident happened." a survivor later recalled.A.whenB.thatC.howD.which答案:B解析 考查强调句型。在强调句中it was，that去掉后，余下的部分是一个完整的句子。此题所强调的部分为介词短语(作状语)。本题在去掉it was，that后，句子变为：In that raining day the accident happened.这是一个完整的句子，所以B项正确。句意：“正是在那个雨天，那场交通事故发生了。”一名幸存者后来回忆说。问题:7. Nowadays children have to take arts, music, and sports classes in their free time _ busy schoolwork. No wonder they have more and more pressure. A.rather thanB.owing toC.apart fromD.except for答案:C解析 apart from意为“除了之外”，符合句意“如今的孩子除了繁重的学校作业外，他们在业余时间还不得不上绘画、音乐和体育课。一难怪他们的压力越来越大”。rather than意为“而不是”；owing to意为“因为；由于”；except for意为“除了”，排除的是细节。问题:8. The biggest full moon of 2011 occurred on a Saturday night, _ Chinese observers to gather outside to record the splendor.A.to leadB.ledC.leadingD.having led答案:C解析 lead和the biggest full moon之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词做结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，而不定式则表示出乎意料的让人失望的结果。句意：2011年最大的月亮出现在一个星期六的晚上，因此中国观察者聚集在户外记录下了这一光辉景象。问题:9. I heard the alarm ringing all the morning, _ something very urgent happened.A.ReallyB.ObviouslyC.EspeciallyD.Terribly答案:B解析 句意：我听到警报声整个早上响个不停，显然发生了紧急事情。obviously显然，明显地；符合句意。really真正地，强调事情的真假；especially尤其，特别；terribly糟糕地，可怕地。问题:10. The figures are further evidence _ children are more likely to become near-sighted.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which答案:A解析 句意：这些数据进一步证明孩子们更有可能患近视。that引导同位语从句，对evidence的内容进行说明，而且没有意义，只是起连接作用。其余选项引导同位语从句，在从句中都有意义和作用，所以只有A项符合。问题:11. Lucy runs much faster than _ in her class.A.any other girlB.any girlC.all girlsD.every girl答案:A解析 句意：露西比班上任何别得女孩跑得都快。any在此句中意为“任何一个”，故用单数名词。问题:12. What has he _ the meat? He has just cooked it.A.take care ofB.catch up withC.done withD.paid for答案:C解析 句意：他怎么处理那块肉的?他刚把它煮了。do with处理，处置。问题:13. Lily thinks foreign languages are as _ as science subjects.A.importantB.most importantC.more importantD.importantest答案:A解析 句意：莉莉认为外语跟科学一样重要。as+形容词+as意为“像一样”。问题:14. Would yon please _ it again like that?A.not readB.not to readC.readsD.reading答案:A解析 句意：你能不要再像那样读它了吗?“Would you pleas.?”句中用动词原形，因有助动词would，not放于动词前。问题:15. I'll phone you as soon as I _.A.get to homeB.got to homeC.get homeD.got home答案:C解析 句意：我一到家就给你打电话。as soon as引导时间状语从句。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作，即不能使用将来时态。.完形填空/Cloze For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping-watching TV and buying things by phone. Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some 1 countries, people can turn on their 2 and shop for clothes, jewelry, food, toys and 3 things. Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden. 4 , the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in fifteen European countries, and in one year, it makes $10 million. In France, there are two teleshopping channels, and the French 5 about $20 million a year in buying things through those channels. In Germany, 6 last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for one hour every day. Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can 7 for telebusiness, including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German 8 are hoping these will help them sell more things. Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without 9 . With all the traffic problems in cities, going shopping is not an easy thing. But at the same time, other Europeans 10 like this new way of buying things. They call 11 "junk on the air." Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things 12 on TV. They think high quality is the most important thing, and they don't believe they can be sure about the quality of the things 13 The need of high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be 14 the American companies. They will have to be more careful about 15 of the things they sell. They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see by themselves. 1.A.EuropeanB.AsianC.AmericanD.African答案:A解析 上文讲到电话购物在欧洲也开始起步，本句承接上文，对欧洲的情况作进一步介绍，因此，应选European。2.A.lightsB.switchesC.radiosD.TVs答案:D解析 电话购物法，应通过看电视选择物品，然后电话订购，故应选TVs。3.A.some elseB.another manyC.the otherD.many other答案:D解析 the other things意为“别的所有商品”不合文意，many other things意为“别的许多商品”为正确选项。4.A.Such asB.For exampleC.For teleshoppingD.It is like答案:B解析 such as中的as为介词，因此该词组用于列举时，后面常直接接名词或名词性短语。而for example用于列举时与后面例子常用逗号隔开。因此B为正确选项。5.A.takesB.costC.spendsD.spend答案:D解析 分析句子，不难发现本句使用了“spend money in dong something”这一结构，且主语the French为第三人称复数，故应用spend的原形。6.A.toB.untilC.unlessD.by答案:B解析 该句子表示“在德国，每天电话购物法仅在一个频道播放一个小时，这种情况一直持续到去年”，表示某状态一直持续到某个时间，应用“until+时间”。7.A.beginB.leaveC.openD.turn on答案:C解析 这里open表示“开放，开张，营业”，本句表示电影频道对电话购物实行了开放政策，可用来进行电话购物。8.A.peopleB.womenC.businessmenD.officials答案:C解析 很明显，电话购物法为商人销售产品提供了一个极佳的渠道。因此本句表达了商人的愿望。9.A.to go outB.going outC.to buy thingsD.buying things答案:B解析 without为介词。后面应跟动词的ing形式。根据文意，going out应为正确选项。10.A.stillB.don'tC.evenD.won't答案:B解析 根据本句开头的But以及下文内容，这里提到的是对电话购物持反对态度的人。故选don't。11.A.teleshoppingB.TVC.radioD.telephone答案:A解析 一些人不喜欢电话购物法，称其为“垃圾”。故应选teleshopping。12.A.appearingB.coming outC.for saleD.to buy答案:C解析 人们担心的是电视上正在销售的产品的质量。for sale表示“待售”，为正确选项。13.A.in the shopB.on TVC.they boughtD.by this way答案:B解析 电话购物法令人们担心的是电视上展销的商品的质量，而不是商店里的商品，也不是已经买到手的商品。故选on TV。14.A.the same withB.different fromC.as big asD.larger than答案:B解析 根据上文，欧洲人的购物观念与美国人有所不同。因此电话购物公司也得采取不同的措施。固定结构be different form意为“不同于”为正确答案。15.A.the numberB.the qualityC.the placesD.the buyers答案:B解析 根据上文，消费者关心的是质量。因此电话购物公司必须对质量倍加小心。故选择quality。.阅读理解/Reading comprehension(40分)A When nay family moved to America from a small village in Guangdong, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture. One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬) elders. Unluckily, this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States. I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant. One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly. I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly. As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure. My manager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感) Americans are and how they dislike the description "old". Then I walked back to the table and apologized to the wife. After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry. In my village in China, people are proud of being old. Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience. Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience. However, in the United States, people think "growing old" is a problem, since "old" shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well. Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young. When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young. I had told them something they didn't want to hear. After that, I changed the way I had been with older people. It is not that I don't respect them any more; I still respect them, but now I don't show my feelings through words. 1. Jack brought the couple their food very fast because _.A.the manager asked him to do soB.he respected the elderlyC.the couple wanted him to do soD.he wanted more pay答案:B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly”可知答案。2. When Jack called the couple "elderly", they became _.A.nervousB.satisfiedC.unhappyD.excited答案:C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure”可知他们听到Jack称他们为老者时，一点也不高兴。3. In Jack's hometown, _.A.people dislikes being called "old"B.people are proud of being oldC.many people reach the age of seventy or eightyD.the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants答案:B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In my village in China, people are proud of being old”可知答案。4. After this experience, Jack _.A.lost his job in the restaurantB.made friends with the coupleC.no longer respected the elderlyD.changed his way with older people答案:D解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“After that, I changed the way I had with older people”可知答案。5. Which of the following is TRUE?A.The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got.B.Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience.C.The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.D.From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture.答案:D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry”可知A选项不对；根据文章最后一句“but now I don't show my feelings through words”可知B选项不对；根据第二段中的“Then I walked back to the table and apologized to the wife”可知C选项也不对，故正确答案为D。B Linda Evans was my best friendlike the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding. When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special timelike my wedding and Linda's. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped "Address Unknown." I had no idea how to find Linda. Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill. One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was WagmanLinda's married name. "There must be thousands of Wagmans," I thought, but I still wrote to her. She called as soon as she got my letter." Mrs Tobin!" she said excitedly, "Linda Evans Wagman is my mother." Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even alter 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other's lives. Now the emp