优质教学课件课件推选——《同位语从句讲练》.ppt
,同位语从句讲练,执教教师：XXX,Grammar,同位语从句复习,-By Cable,同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。,同位语 the Appositive,语法精解(一),同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1) 名词 Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. (2) 代词 I myself will do the experiment.(3) 数词 She is the oldest among them six.,(4) 从句 He told me the news that the plane had exploded. 他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。(5) 由such as, that is引导 Some subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn. 某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。,(6) 由 or 引导 The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure. 结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。,同位语从句 the Appositive clause(1) 同位语从句的定义 在复合句中跟在一个名词或代词后，对其做进一步解释说明的从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，在句中充当同位语,语法精解(二),它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question，suggestion等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的引导词有连词that,连接副词how, when, where, whether, what等。,e.g. The hope that he may recover is not gone yet. The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved. I have no idea when he will come back.,1. 同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：,-The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. -Word came that their team had won.,2. 同位语从句中使用虚拟语气的情况,在suggestion, advice, request, order, demand, requirement等意为“建议，要求，命令”的n. /v.后，同位语从句的谓语v.通常用虚拟语气结构“should+ v原形”，其中should可省略。,-Our teacher gave us some suggestion how we (should) use the computer. -The manager ordered him that he (should) finish the work in a day., 同位语从句的表现形式: 由that引导 -The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. -The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.,-The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. -The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all. -The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists., 由whether引导 -The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由when引导 -I have no idea when they will go., 其它特殊形式 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say (也就是说), in other words (换句话说), that is (那就是), for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。,-He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. -There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more. -Altogether Dolly had lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.,（3） 同位语从句与定语从句的区别: 同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:, 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词, 对其起到解释说明具体内容的作用，与其前面的名词是同位关系; 定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的，对其起修饰限定的作用，与其前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系。,-We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. (同位语从句) -Those who want to go please sign their names here. (定语从句), 引导同位语从句的that在句中不充当任何成分但不能省略；引导定语从句的that在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，可以省略。 -The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true. -The news (that) he told me is exciting.,when, where, why既可以引导定语从句也可以引导同位语从句。共同之处是两种从句在复合句中都充当状语。不同点：when, where, why引导定语从句时，前面有与其意义相近的先行词；当引导同位语从句时，前面先行词含义与之并不相同。,
