不规则动词表优质资料.doc

不规则动词表优质资料(可以直接使用，可编辑 优质资料，欢迎下载）英语不规则动词变化表一AAA型(原形原形原形) 原形过去式过去分词中文cutcutcut切，割costcostcost花费hithithit撞，击hurthurthurt伤害letletlet让putputput放readreadread读setsetset安排二ABA型(原形过去式原形) 原形过去式过去分词中文becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑三 ABC型 1. 原形ewown原形过去式过去分词中文blowblewblown吹flyflewflown飞growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道 2. iau原形过去式过去分词中文beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝ringrangrung打 singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳 3. 原形过去式过去式(e)n原形过去式过去分词中文choosechosechosen选择freezefrozefrozen冻speakspokespoken说  4. 原形过去式原形(e)n原形过去式过去分词中文eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下givegavegiven给seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写drawdrewdrawn画taketooktaken拿hidehidhidden躲藏 5. 无规律原形过去式过去分词中文am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走四ABB型 1. 原形oughtought原形过去式过去分词中文bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考 2. 原形aughtaught原形过去式过去分词中文catchcaughtcaught捉，抓teachtaughttaught教 3. 原形tt 原形过去式过去分词中文feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫dealdealtdealt处理meanmeantmeant意思4. 变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词中文buildbuiltbuilt建造makemademade制造sendsentsent送，寄spendspentspent花费         5. 辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词中文havehadhad有laylaidlaid放loselostlost丢失paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖standstoodstood站telltoldtold告诉          6. 变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词中文babysitbabysatbabysat照看feedfedfed喂findfoundfound发现getgotgot(gotten)得到holdheldheld拥有，握meetmetmet遇见sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢五 、AAB型 原形过去式过去分词中文beatbeatbeaten打败六、有两种形式 原形过去式过去分词中文bearboreborn生boreborneburnburnedburned烧burntburntdreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamtforbidforbadeforbidden禁止forbadhang hangedhanged(被)绞死hunghung挂learn learnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎laylain躺，平放shine shinedshined照耀shoneshoneshow showed showed展示shownsmell smelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltspell spelledspelled拼写speltspeltwake wakedwaked醒wokewoken 七、情态动词 原形过去式过去分词中文cancould/能够maymight/可以shallshould/应该willwould/将要数词的用法一、表示编号1.单纯的表示编号，可在数字(用基数词表示)前加number，简写为No.。如： No.1 No.652.用“名词+基数词”，“the +序数词+名词”，表示顺序意义。如: Bus No.65 Room305the Sixth Lesson或Lesson Six 第六课二、表示倍数1. 倍数+as +形容词/副词(原级)+ as。两倍：twice 两倍以上：基数词+times如：The classroom is twice as big as that one.这间教室是那间教室的两倍大。He ate three times as many bananas as Mary.他吃的香蕉是玛丽吃的三倍。2. 倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than。如：This lion is four times bigger than that one. 这头狮子是那头狮子的四倍大。3. 倍数+ the size/length/weight/width/height+of+表示比较对象的名词。如：This river is six times the depth of that one. 这条河是那条河的六倍深。4. 倍数+what引导的从句。如：The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago. 这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。三、表示约数1. 用”dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions+of”表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如：This mother bought dozens of eggs.那个妈妈买了几十个鸡蛋。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。2. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above 等来表示超过或多于某个数目。用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to 等来表示小于或接近某数目。如：nearly two hours 将近两个小时more than 100 years 一百多年under thirty years of age 小于三十岁3. 用 about, around, some 等表示在某一数目左右。如：about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔四、表示分数1. 遇到分数时，分数的分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。(当分子大于一时，分母的序数词要用复数。)2. 分子与分母之间加in, 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：one in ten 十分之一，five in eight八分之五。3. 分子与分母之间加out of , 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如：five out of seven 七分之五 three out of ten 十分之三五、表示百分数在表达百分数时，用“基数词(或者小数)+percent(%)”percent用单数形式。5% five percent 0.7% zero point seven percent25% twenty-five percent 100% one hundred percent注：如果想表达几分之几或百分之几十的人或物时，加of，作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词数一致。如：Twenty percent of the students are girls.百分之二十的学生是女孩。Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.三分之二的钱都花在食物上。六、表示小数小数点前的数按基数词的读法读，小数点以后的数按一个一个的数字读，小数点用point。形容词与介词的常见搭配归纳1. be+形容词+aboutbe angry about为生气 be anxious about 为而忧虑be careful about 当心 be certain about 对有把握 be curious about 对感到好奇be disappointed about 对感到失望be excited about 对感到兴奋 be glad about 对感到高兴be happy about 为感到高兴 be hopeful about 对抱有希望be mad about 对入迷 be nervous about 为感到不安be particular about 对挑剔be sad about 为而难过be serious about 对是认真的be sure about 对有把握be worried about 为担忧2. be+形容词+atbe angry at 为生气 be bad at 不善于be clever at 擅长于 be disappointed at 对感到失望be expert at 在方面是内行 be good at 善于be mad at 对发怒 be quick at 在方面敏捷be skilful at 在方面熟练 be slow at 在方面迟钝3. be+形容词+forbe anxious for 渴望 be bad for 对有害，be bound for 前往 be celebrated for 以出名be convenient for 对方便 be eager for 渴望be famous for 因闻名 be fit for 对合适；胜任be good for 有益于；对有好处be grateful for 对心存感激be hungry for 渴望be late for 因而迟到be necessary for 对有必要 be ready for 为准备好be sorry for 为感到抱歉；be suitable for 适合于的be thankful for 因而感激 be well-known for 以出名4. be+形容词+frombe absent from 缺席，不在 be different from 与不同be far from 离远，远远不 be free from 免受；不受影响的be safe from 免受的伤害；be tired from 因而厌倦；5. be+形容词+inbe concerned in与有关 be disappointed in 对感到失望be engaged in 参与；从事于；忙于 be experienced in 在方面有经验be expert in 在方面是行家 be fortunate in 在方面幸运be honest in 在方面诚实 be interested in 对感兴趣be lacking in 缺少；缺乏be rich in 富于be skilful in 擅长于 be successful in 在方面成功be weak in 不擅长；在方面不行6. be+形容词+ofbe afraid of 害怕 be ashamed of 为感到羞愧be aware of 意识到，知道 be capable 能够，可以be careful of 当心，对仔细be certain of 确信，对有把握be fond of 喜欢 be free of 远离；免于be full of 充满 be glad of 为而高兴be nervous of 害怕 be proud of 为自豪be short of 缺乏 be shy of 畏缩；羞于be sick of 对厌倦 be sure of 确信；对有把握be tired of 对厌烦 be worthy of 值得，配得上7. be+形容词+tobe accustomed to 习惯于 be blind to 对视而不见be close to 靠近，接近 be cruel to 对残酷，对无情be devoted to 献身于，专心于 be equal to 等于，能胜任be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉 be harmful to 对有危害be important to 对重要 be open to 对开放；愿接受的be opposed to 反对；与相对be opposite to 与相反；和相对be polite to 对有礼貌 be related to 与有关be respectful to尊敬 be rude to 对无礼be similar to 与相似 be true to 忠实于，信守be used to 习惯于 be useful to 对有用8. be+形容词+withbe angry with 对(某人)生气 be bored with 对厌烦be busy with 忙于 be careful with 小心be concerned with 与有关 be content with 以为满足be delighted with 对感到高兴 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望be familiar with 熟悉，精通 be honest with 对(某人)真诚be ill with 患病 be patient with 对(某人)有耐心be pleased with 对满意(高兴) be popular with 受欢迎be satisfied with 对满意 be strict with 对(某人)严格语法知识总结1. 并列人称代词的排列顺序1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称 -> 第三人称 -> 第一人称you -> he/she; it -> IYou, he and I should return on time.2) 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称 -> 第二人称 -> 第三人称we -> you -> They注意： 在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。a. 在承认错误，承担责任时，It was I and John that made her angry.是我和约翰惹她生气了。b. 在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人称， 如：I and you try to finish it.c. 并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时，d. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。2物主代词1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用例如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。物主代词有形容词性(my, your等)和名词性(mine, yours等)两种，形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 -'s属格结构，例如：Jack's cap 意为 The cap is Jack's.His cap 意为 The cap is his.2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能a. 作主语，例如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.我可以用一用你的钢笔吗? 你的比我的好用。b. 作宾语，例如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语，例如：Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d. 作主语补语，例如：The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。3双重所有格物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。公式为：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。如：a friend of mine.each brother of his.4反身代词1) 列表I-myselfwe-ourselvesyou-yourselfyou-yourselvesshe-herselfhe-himselfthey-themselves2)做宾语a. 有些动词需有反身代词absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behaveWe enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点鱼b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.I could not dress (myself) up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己注：有些动词后不跟反身代词，get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。Please sit down.请坐3) 作表语; 同位语be oneself: I am not myself today.我今天不舒服The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要4) 在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可如：No one but myself (me) is hurt.注意：a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。(错) Myself drove the car.(对) I myself drove the car.我自己开车。b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。Charles and myself saw it.5)第二人称作宾语，要用反身代词You should be proud of yourself.你应为自己感到骄傲5相互代词1)相互代词只有each other和one another两个词组他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的例如：It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.显而易见，不同文化的人总是相互借鉴的2) 相互代词的句法功能：a. 作动词宾语;People should love one another. 人们应当彼此相爱。b. 可作介词宾语;Does bark, cocks crow, frogs croak to each other.吠、鸡鸣、蛙儿对唱。说明：传统语法认为，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other， 存在于两个以上人和物之间用one another。现代英语中，两组词交替使用的实例也很多，例如：He put all the books beside each other.他把所有书并列摆放起来。He put all the books beside one another.他把所有书并列摆放起来。Usually these small groups were independent of each other.这些小团体通常是相互独立的。c. 相互代词可加-'s构成所有格，例如：The students borrowed each other's notes.学生们互借笔记。6指示代词1) 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词例如：单数复数限定词：This girl is Mary.Those men are myteachers.代词： This is Mary. Those are myteachers.2) 指示代词的句法功能a. 作主语This is the way to do it.这事儿就该这样做b. 作宾语I like this better than that.我喜欢这个甚至那个c. 作主语补语My point is this.我的观点就是如此d. 作介词宾语I don't say no to that.我并未拒绝那个There is no fear of that.那并不可怕说明1：指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人，例如：(对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。( that作主语，指人)(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this作限定词)(错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人)(对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物，可作宾语)说明2：That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人，试比较：(对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赏外表漂亮的东西。(对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)(错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人)(对) He admired those who danced well. 他赏跳舞好的人。(those指人)(对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)7关系代词1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词，同时在从句中作一定的句子成分例如：The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl，又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)2) 关系代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中，that 可指人也可指物见表：限定性 非限定性限定性指 人 指物 指人或指物主 格 who which that宾 格 whomthat that属 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose例如：This is the pencil whose point is broken.这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物，在限定性定语从句中作定语)He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。(which指物，在限定性定语从句中作宾语，可以省略)3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子，例如：He said he saw me there, which was a lie.他说在那儿看到了我，纯属谎言。说明： 关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略， 例如：I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.我过去懂拉丁语，现在大都忘了。He's changed. He's not the man he was.他变化很大，已不是过去的他了。8. every,no,all,both,neither,nor1)不定代词有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。2)不定代词的功能与用法a. 除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词，也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。I have no idea about it.b. all 都，指三者以上。all 的主谓一致：all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。All goes well. 一切进展得很好。all 通常不与可数名词单数连用，如：不说 all the book，而说 the whole book。但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用，如 all day，all night，all the year; 但习惯上不说 all hour，all century。all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用，如 all China， all the city， all my life， all the way3)both都，指两者a. both 与复数动词连用，但 both and可与单数名词连用。b. both, all 都可作同位语，其位置在行为动词前， be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省 去，则位于助动词或情态动词之前。Who can speak Japanese?We both (all) can.4)neither两者都不a. neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数。b. 作定语与单数名词连用，但neither nor 用作并列连词，可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。c. 可用于下列句型，避免重复。She can't sing，neither (can) he.neither 与nord. 如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用 nor。If you don't do it，neither should I. 如果你不干，我也不干。e. 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate.9none,few,some,any,one,ones一、 none 无1) none作主语，多与of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中，none可单独使用。Are there any pictures on the wall? None.2) none作主语，谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语，则其单复数与表语一致。It is none of your business.二、few 一些，少数few 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，多用于肯定句。三、some 一些1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。2) 当做"某一"解时，也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain)You will be sorry for this some day.总有一天，你会后悔这件事的。A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.某些人不同意你的看法。注意：(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。(2)some用于其他句式中:a. 肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。Would you like句式中，表委婉请求或建议，如：Would you like some coffee?b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时，如：If you need some help，let me know.c. some位于主语部分,Some students haven't been there before.d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时，some可用于否定句。如：I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years.这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。四、any 一些any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有任何的意思时，any可用于肯定句。Here are three novels. You may read any.这有三本小说，你可任读一本五、one, ones 为复数形式ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前，则用some, any，而不用ones。Have you bought any rulers?Yes，I 've bought some.10第一代词比较辩异one,that和itone表示泛指，that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it. ( 同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。11one/another/the otherone the other 只有两个some the others 有三个以上one another，anothersome others，othersothers = other people/thingsthe others = the rest 剩余的全部1) 泛指另一个用another。2) 一定范围内两人(物)，一个用one，另一个用the other。3) 一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one (another)，第三个可用the other，a third。4) 一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。