2023山东版英语中考复习题--专题十八　任务型阅读.pdf

2023山东版英语中考专题十八任务型阅读五年中考分类训练一阅读表达Passage 1（2022 荷泽改编）It was a lovely spring morning here in the mountains of my home.The sky was blue,the sunwas out,and the air was warm.As I drove along the roads I could see thousands of wild flowers inbloom.When I rounded a curve（转弯）1 slowed.I saw some volunteers picking up rubbish along theside of the road.I smiled as I saw them doing some Spring Cleaning“for Mother Earth.And mymind floated（飘荡）back in time to another spring day long ago.When my children were younger we used to walk around the lake near our home.One springday my daughter and I noticed just how much rubbish was lying along the path.The next day thenwe brought a big rubbish bag with us and started to slowly,step by step,pick up the rubbish alongour way.There were plastic water bottles,wrappers（包装袋）for candy bars,empty chip bags,piecesof broken fishing lines,and even an old thrown-away shoe.We stopped and picked up each one andeven fished a few pieces of garbage out of the edge of the water.By the time we had circled the lakethe bag was nearly full.Tired but happy,we put the bag in an empty dustbin.We stopped before we headed home andtook one last look at the lake as the sun set.It looked more beautiful than ever.I know that at times you wonder what you can do to make a difference.But the truth isEVERYTHING you do makes a difference!Every time you pick up a single piece of rubbish youmake a difference.Every kind word you say makes a difference.Every loving thought you think,every flower you plant,every animal you save,everything you do,no matter how small,makes adifference in this world.Make your difference today!Share your love.Shine your light.l.What made the writer remember another spring day long ago?2.When was their bag nearly full?3.How did the writer and her daughter feel after their work that day?4.请把文中的画线句子翻译成汉语。5.请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者看到一些志愿者在路边捡垃圾，回忆起了很久前和女儿在湖边一起捡垃圾的场景，告诉大家无论多小的事都能对世界起作用。主题语境属于“人与社会 范畴中 社会服务与人际沟通 这一主题群，涉及子主题“志愿服务与公共服务1 .Some volunteers were picking up rubbish along the side of the ro a d.细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句可知，作者看到一些志愿者在路边捡垃圾,这使作者想起了很久以前的另一个春天。2.By the time they had circled the la k e.细节理解题。根据第二段中的By the time we had circledthe lake the bag was nearly full.”可知，绕湖一圈时，袋子几乎满了。3.Tired but happy.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tired but happy”可知，作者和她的女儿那天感觉很累，但是很开心。4.我知道有时你会想知道自己做什么才能有所作为。make a difference作出改变/起作用/有影响。5.Small actions make big differences/Make your difference today 标题归纳题。根据最后一段第五、六句可知,无论多小的事都能对世界起作用。Passage 2（2022 东营）阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。Firefighting。肖防）is an important job to keep people safe and help stop fires from damaging（毁坏）too much property（财产）.There are many important parts to be a firefighter.First of all,firefighters have to be strongenough to do their work,so they need to have physical training,such as carrying heavy objects,going up many stairs（楼梯），and working for a long time.Firefighters also have to know the latestskills in fighting fires,so they need to go through regular training to keep themselves and others safe.Anyway,the most important part of being a firefighter is to work as a team.They have to worktogether to stop fires!Firefighting is very stressful.Firefighters never know when a fire or other emergency（紧急情况）is going to happen,so they have to be ready at all times.（3）Even in the middle of the night,firefighters have to be able to wake up quickly when the alarm（警报）goes off.Firefighters dont just fight fires.They also help people who are in accidents.For example,theyuse their special tools to help get people out of the cars if they9re stuck（卡住）.In some places,firefighters also have to be prepared to help people who are sick or injured（受伤的）.Thesefirefighters might be trained as nursing staff.（4）Firefighters are always there to help us whenever theres an emergency.Firefighting is noteasy,but if you like helping people,it might be a good job for you!A.根据短文内容简要回答问题。1 .According to the passage,what are the three important parts of being a firefighter?2.According to the passage,who will ask firefighters for help when there is not a fire happening?B.将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。3._4._C.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。5._答案语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,说明了消防员的工作的要求，以及成为一名消防员所需要的品质。主题语境属于“人与社会 范畴中的“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群，涉及子主题内容“志愿服务与公共服务1 .Firefighters have to be strong enough,know the latest skills in fighting fires and work as a team.根据第二段可知答案。2.People who are in accidents,sick or injured.根据第四段可知答案。3 当警报响起的时候，即使是在半夜，消防员也必须能够马上醒来。4.消防员总是随时准备在任何紧急情况下来帮助我们。5.Firefighting:An Important Job 根据全文内容可知答案。Passage 3(2022 济宁)阅读短文,根据要求完成1-5 题。On the evening of September 26,2019,the streets of Geneva in Switzerland went dark.Thisusually happens when there is a problem with the electricity,but this time the lights were turned offto allow people to go outside and look at the stars.This is often impossible in a city because of lightpollution.Light pollution is when light from streetlights or buildings makes the night less dark.There aremany reasons why this is a problem.Animals sleep less because they think it is still daytime.Birdsthat fly to warmer countries in the autumn need to see the moon and stars to find their way,but lightpollution makes this difficult.Insects and birds in cities often fly towards lights at night,knock intobuildings and die.Light pollution is also bad for us.It can stop us sleeping and give us headaches.Also,we dontsee the same sky that people in the past did.This means we almost never see one of the greatestscenes in the world:the millions of stars.Hundreds of thousands of people have never seen it in theirlives.However,it is not difficult to do a few things to reduce(减轻)light pollution:we can all turnlights off when we dont need them and we can cover our windows.If there is less light pollution,wewill once again be able to enjoy the beauty of the night sky.l.Why were the streetlights turned off in Geneva?(no more than 11 words)2.What helps birds find their way?(no more than 4 words)3.Please list one way we can reduce light pollution,(no more than 3 words)4.请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。答案语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要描述了光污染给人类和动物带来的影响。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中的“环境保护”主题群，涉及“环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为”子主题内容。l.To allow people to go outside and look at the sta rs.根据第一段第二句可知答案。2.The moon and sta rs.根据第二段最后一句可知答案。3.Turn lights o f f.根据常识可知，关灯可以减少光污染。4 这就意味着我们几乎从没看到过世界上最美的景色之一:数以百万计的星星。5.Light pollution.文章主要介绍了光污染的有关信息。Passage 4（2022 聊城）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。A good book can teach you many things.It can open your eyes and clear your minds.It isimportant and necessary to get into a good reading habit.Here are some ways to develop it.Plan your time你应该每天阅读 30 分钟。When time is set,nothing can change it.For example,make it a habitto read before breakfast or lunchtime.Always carry a bookWherever you go,take a book with you.When you leave the house,make sure that you alwayscarry a good book as well as your school things.Remember that a book always stays with you.Have a library cardHave a library card and you can read as many good books as possible in the library.Make it aweekly trip to the library.This helps you spend less money on books.Put it onlineOne of the best ways to develop a good reading habit is to put some e-books into your netdisc（网盘）and share them with your friends.Ask your friends and family to feel your joy or sadnessand offer you suggestions.1.回答问题:What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 1 refer to（指代）?2.将文中画线的汉语句子译成英语。3.将文中画线的英语句子译成汉语。4.在文中找出与下面所给句子意思相近的句子。If you do this,you can save more money on books.5.回答问题:Who may give you advice according to the last paragraph?答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些养成好的阅读习惯的方法。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题内容“积极的学习体脸，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思l.A good reading h a b it.代词指代题。根据前句It is important and necessary to get into a goodreading habit.”可知,it 指代的是 a good reading habit02.You should read 30 minutes every day.every day 作时间状语。3.记着身边总要有一本书。注意书毕竟不是人,不会真的主动和你待在一起，所以翻译要符合逻辑。4.This helps you spend less money on b o o k.由关键词组 save more money省更多钱”可知是花更少的钱。5.Your friends and fam ily.细节理解题。根据最后一句可知你的朋友和家人会给你建议。Passage 5（2021 滨州）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。Zhang Guimei,the principal of Huaping High School for Girls,has been given the title RoleModel of the Times for helping girls from poor families.The school was the first high school in the country to provide free education fbr girls whowould otherwise have been unable to continue their studies after completing their nine years ofeducation.Zhang moved to Lijiang at the age of 17 to teach in the middle school in Huaping County.Once,she got badly ill but had no money for the treatment（治疗）.With the help of the people there,she was able to get the necessary treatment.From then on,I told myself that I must do somethingfbr those people who helped me,“Zhang said.Slowly,a dream of setting up a free high school for girls in Huaping County appeared inZhangs heart.From the year of 2002,she began a six-year journey to look for funds（资金）.In 2008,Zhang finally set up Huaping High School for Girls at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping.Thanks to her efforts,more than 1,800 girls from poor families have entered universitiesthrough her education until now.Zhang has been helping to improve the area as a whole.Influenced by her,many of her studentshave chosen to teach in poor areas.Now,with Zhang having got the honorary title,education forgirls from poor areas will receive more attention.What she has done will be long remembered and encourage more to follow her example.l.Why was Zhang Guimei named Role Model of the Times”?2.Was Zhang able to get the necessary treatment when she once got badly ill?3.When was Huaping High School for Girls set up?4.How many girls have entered universities through Zhang9s education?5.Where have many of Zhangs students chosen to work?答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。讲述了“时代楷模 华坪女子高中校长张桂梅的事迹。l.For helping girls from poor families.根据第一段的 has been given the title“Role Model of theTimes”for helping girls from poor families可知她被授予“时代楷模”称号是因为帮助贫困家庭的女孩。2.Yes,she w a s.根据第三段第二、三句可知她得到了必要的治疗。故作肯定回答。3.1n 2 0 0 8.根据第四段第三句可知华坪女子高中创建于2008年。4.More than 1,800（girls）.根据第五段可知在她的努力下，超过1,800个女孩进入大学。5.They have chosen to teach in poor a re as.根据第六段第二句可知在她的影响下,许多她的学生选择到贫困地区工作。重点词汇 principal n.校长;provide v.提供;otherwise adv.否则;treatment n.治疗Passage 6（2021 东营）阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。Pigs are misunderstood（误解）.Some people think of them as lazy and stupid.Did you knowthat pigs are very smart?Pigs are smarter than most pets and wild animals.目 Experts say that pigsare easier to train than dogs and cats.Would you want a pig for a pet?Keeping a pet pig is fun,but it is work.Pigs like to go for walks like a dog.Would you like towalk a pig down your street?They can be trained to do tricks,and they like to be petted.Theyusually get along with other pets.Pet pigs must be kept on a diet（节食）.They like to eat like hogs（肉猪）！An adult pet pigshould not weigh more than 150 pounds.But many weigh up to 300 pounds because ofoverfeeding.Pigs are some of the cleanest animals on the earth.They can learn to use a litter box like a cat.Many live in houses and apartments.But they can get in the way.Pigs have a good sense of smell.They help find truffles（松露）in the forests.These plants sellfor high prices.So the pigs are valued for their work.Besides pork（meat from pigs）,pigs provide us with many useful products.Pig hair is used tomake hairbrushes and furniture（家具）.Some of pig parts can be used to help sick people.Pigs are found in every part of the world.They serve many useful purposes.They can work asguards like dogs.In the United States,two pigs were kept to guard the gate on the farm,whichworked really well.A.根据短文内容简要回答问题。1.According to the passage,what good qualities(特性)do pigs have?2.Choose one good quality of pigs and give some examples to prove(证明)it.B.将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。3.4._C.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。5._答案语篇解读 本文为说明文。向读者介绍了猪。人们普遍认为猪是一种又懒又笨的动物。但是它们被误解了。实际上，猪比大多数宠物和野生动物都聪明他们更容易被训练，它们是地球上最干净的动物之一，它们有很好的嗅觉，身上的各个部位都很有用处。1 .They are smart,clean,useful.They have a good sense of sm ell.根据第一段可知猪聪明，根据第四段可知猪干净，根据第五段可知猪有很好的嗅觉，根据第六段可知猪很有用处。把这四个特性综合在一起即可。2.(1)They are smart.For example,they can be trained to do tricks.they can learn to use a litter box like a cat.they can work as guards like dogs.they are smarter than most pets and wild animals.they are easier to train than dogs and cats.(2)They are clean.For example,they can learn to use a litter box like a cat.(3)Pigs have a good sense of smell.For example,they can help find truffles in the forests.（4）They are useful.For example,（Dthey can provide us with pork.pig hair can be used to make hairbrushes and furniture.（3）some of pig parts can be used to help sick people.they can work as guards like dogs.根据上一题答出的四个特性任选一个，再根据文中举的例子加以证明即可。3.专家说,猪要比狗和猫更容易训练。that引导宾语从句，没有实际意义，不用翻译,train作动词意为“训练”。4一头成年宠物猪体重不应超过150磅。should为情态动词，意为“应该:w eigh意为“称重”,more than意为“超过，多于。5.Pigs/Smart pigs/Pigs are sm a rt根据文章内容可知本文介绍的是猪不为人知的聪明的一面。给文章起的标题应该与此相关。Passage 7（2021 日照）Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to do something about Central Javas water shortageproblem,little by little.He has changed his dry village into a place rich in ground water by planting trees on nearbyland for the last 19 years,and he is encouraging others to join in,too.Sadiman realized that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River-previously（以前）the source of water for villagerswas quickly drying up.Even rubber trees,the localpeoples main source of income（收入来源），were so dry that they could no longer produce rubberlatex（橡胶乳）.It was then that Sadiman took action so that his children and grandchildren couldtake advantage of the planted trees.“Banyan（榕树）trees,unlike rubber trees,can keep groundwater.The more banyan trees areplanted,the more clean water villagers will get,“he thought.Although he went through a hard time,the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goalproviding his village with a cleanwater source.Hes planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years,and his village seems to have escapedfix）m the dry season.Villagers have joined in Sadiman efforts and worked alongside him to plantthe trees.Pak Sadiman is our hero.This village used to fight water shortage,but now we haveenough water because of him,“said the head of the village.Sadiman said as long as hes healthy,hell continue to plant trees to help provide clean waterfor his villagers.l.What problem did the village have?2.What did Sadiman do to solve the problem?3.How long had Sadiman been working on the task?4.What does the underlined words“escaped from in Paragraph 5 mean?5.What do you think of Sadiman?答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。农 民Pak Sadiman把解决中爪哇省缺水问题视为自己的任务。在过去 的1 9年里，他通过和村民一起在附近的土地上种树，把干旱的村庄变成了一个地下水丰富的地方。他说，只要身体健康,他就会继续种树来为村民提供清洁用水。1.Water shortage./The village was short of water./The villagers suffered from drought.根据第一段中water shortage problem和第二段中his dry village可知村子面临的问题是缺水。2.(He solved the problem)by planting a large number of Banyan trees.Besides,he encouraged othervillagers to join in the ta s k.根据第二段可知他通过种树解决缺水问题，还鼓励其他人也参与种树.。根据第四段可知他种的是榕树。故他是通过种植大量榕树和鼓励他人参与其中来解决问题。3.For 19 y ears.根据第二段和第五段中的the last 19 years都可知他种树19年，表示持续一段时间应该用介词for。4.got rid of/stayed away from/been free from/摆脱;免遭;避免 由