高考语法复习object宾语.ppt

Our team beat all the others.宾语：动作的承受者、内容或对象。宾语：动作的承受者、内容或对象。You can leave your bag here.We shouldnt fall behind others.It is sure to rain.及物动词，介词和形容容词都可以带自及物动词，介词和形容容词都可以带自己的宾语。己的宾语。可以作宾语的成分：可以作宾语的成分：Paper catches fire easily.What dose it mean?If you add five to five,you get ten.He is always helping the poorer than himself.He left there last week.He never did the unexpected.That coat will cost between three and four dollars.Remember to buy some stamps.He stopped smoking.I dont know how old he is.He said,“you are wrong.”同源宾语：同源宾语：He will sing a song for us.He dreamed a terrible dream last night.She lived a happy life.They fought a hard fight.Her son died a heros death.与动词是同源关系，常有定语修饰。与动词是同源关系，常有定语修饰。双宾语：双宾语：He asked the teacher a question.I found him a seat.I gave my address to him.I asked him for help.直接宾语：动作的内容直接宾语：动作的内容间接宾语：动作的对象间接宾语：动作的对象复合宾语：复合宾语：The mother had the son wash hand.We elect him monitor.No one has seen the teacher angry.I found treasure in the cave.宾语补足语：补足宾语意义的句子成分宾语补足语：补足宾语意义的句子成分动名词作宾语：动名词作宾语：I like drinking coffee every morning.表示习惯、抽象、普遍的动作表示习惯、抽象、普遍的动作He will never give up trying.介词的宾语常用动名词介词的宾语常用动名词She went(on)writing after school.有时介词可以省略有时介词可以省略以下词组中的以下词组中的to是介词：是介词：be used to,come close to,contribute to,devote to,get down to,lead to,look forward to,object to,pay attention to,prefer to,stand up to,stick to不定式作宾语：不定式作宾语：I like to have a cup of coffee with you.表示一次、具体、将来的动作表示一次、具体、将来的动作I found it easy for him to finish the housework.带宾语补足语形成复合宾语时用带宾语补足语形成复合宾语时用it充当形充当形式宾语式宾语Mark has no choice but to wait.在表示在表示“除了除了”的介词后用不定式作宾的介词后用不定式作宾语：语：but,except,besides,other thanI have nothing to do except sleep.如果在如果在“除了除了”之前有之前有do,help，则省，则省略不定式符号略不定式符号toYoud better get up early next time.had better,had best,had rather之后之后的不定式省略符号的不定式省略符号toHawking wants to get a PHD,find a job and marry Jane.在多个作用相同的不定式并列使用时，在多个作用相同的不定式并列使用时，可以省略后面几个可以省略后面几个to符号符号1)advise,consider(考虑考虑),encourage,enjoy,escape,excuse,delay,deny,dislike,finish,forbid,keep,include,miss,mind,practise,stand(忍受忍受),suggest(建议建议),risk,imagine,admit+doing不定式和动名词作宾语的特殊用法：不定式和动名词作宾语的特殊用法：2)agree,aim,dare,decide,hope,determine,elect,choose,expect,fail,long,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,wish+to do3)有些及物动词可接动名词和不定式，有些及物动词可接动名词和不定式，但意义不同。但意义不同。Jack fears not to pass the test next week.His sister fears seeing spider.like,love,prefer,hate,fear,learn+to do表示一次性动作，表示一次性动作，+doing表示经表示经常性动作常性动作Please remember to bring me a book.I remember seeing you here last year.He forgot to close the door when leaving.（动作未发生）（动作未发生）Lucy forgot cleaning the room last night,so she cleaned it again this morning.（动作已发生）（动作已发生）I regret to tell you a piece of bad news.I regret losing such a good friend.We go on/continue to study hard after sports meeting.Jim went on/continued watching TV for 3 hours.Lets stop/quit to have a rest.Lets stop/quit doing the job.表示继续或停止的动词表示继续或停止的动词+to do表示动作表示动作发生转变，发生转变，+doing表示动作没有改变表示动作没有改变This bike needs repairing.=This bike needs to be repaired.He wants praising.=He wants to be praised.Your homework requires finishing.=Your homework requires to be finished.need,want,require to be done=doingLet me help you(to)study English.The little girl cant help crying.He meant to study abroad.Smoking means killing yourself slowly.Everyone tries to enter good university.Please try drinking this kind of tea.The teacher advised studying hard.The teacher advised students to study hard.I am considering buying a house.I consider you to be good child.advise,allow,consider,encourage,forbid,permit接动名词作宾语，接不接动名词作宾语，接不定式作宾语补足语定式作宾语补足语宾语从句作宾语：宾语从句作宾语：1.that引导引导I know(that)you have helped him.Joe is thinking about that she will choose a university in Hong Kong.that本身无意义，不充当从句成分。口本身无意义，不充当从句成分。口语中可省略。但引导介词的宾语从句时，语中可省略。但引导介词的宾语从句时，不可省略。不可省略。The teacher said this book was interesting and that it was worth reading.多个宾语从句并列时，有时省略第一个多个宾语从句并列时，有时省略第一个从句的连词从句的连词that，但后面的不能省略。，但后面的不能省略。We think it possible that you can finish the job today.带复合宾语的句子，带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句常用句常用it作形式宾语。作形式宾语。2.连接代词或连接副词引导连接代词或连接副词引导Tell him what you want.She said nothing,except why she was busy.Im glad what you have said.Knowing when we will have an exam,we decided to review at once.I dont know which one of the five I want.I dont know what I want.which/what都可在宾语从句中作主语、都可在宾语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，但表语或宾语，但which指有限、较窄的指有限、较窄的范围，范围，what 指无限、较广的范围。指无限、较广的范围。3.whether if引导引导He wants to know whether/if I still study English.表示表示“是否是否”时可以用时可以用whether和和if引导引导宾语从句。宾语从句。I dont care if it doesnt rain.宾语是否定式时要用宾语是否定式时要用if，不用，不用whether，相当于一个条件状语从句。相当于一个条件状语从句。I dont know whether or not he will come.Everything depends on whether you agree on it.They are discussing whether they should leave.(I dont know whether to go.)与与or not连用，介词之后，连用，介词之后，discuss之之后，动词不定式之前，只用后，动词不定式之前，只用whether。I doubt whether he can pass the exam.I dont doubt that he can pass the exam.Do you doubt that he can pass the exam?doubt+肯定句用肯定句用whether/if，+否定句否定句或疑问句用或疑问句用that。Tips:I dont think he is right,is he?I dont believe you are right,are you?We/I think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect/guess/hope/suppose/believe等主观性动词，后面等主观性动词，后面的宾语从句中的否定词经常转移至主句；的宾语从句中的否定词经常转移至主句；如主句与从句主语不一致，则根据从句如主句与从句主语不一致，则根据从句构成反意问句。构成反意问句。What do you think he has done?Where do you believe she comes from?Who do you guess will be late today?如向以上动词的宾语从句某个部分提问，如向以上动词的宾语从句某个部分提问，特殊疑问词要放在主句之前，把主句变特殊疑问词要放在主句之前，把主句变成疑问形式。成疑问形式。