高考英语虚拟语气1.ppt

06年高考语法复习系列九虚 拟 语 气主要内容：1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气 3.重要句型 1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气例句1.If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.2.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去3.事实相反)4.2.If I were you,I would go at once.5.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，6.事实上我不可能是你)7.3.If it were sunny tomorrow,I would come to see you.8.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能9.相反)时 间 If 条件句 主 句过 去 had donewould/should/could/might have done现 在 did/wereWould/should/could/might do将 来should dowere to dodid/werewould/should/could/might do(1)在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：典型例题1)The volleyball match would be put off if it _ tomorrow.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is rained2)2)You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.（96 N）A.drovedidnt get B.had drivenwouldnt have got C.drovewouldnt get D.were drivingwouldnt get CB解题关键：根据句中的时间状语或上下文情景3)If it were not for the snowy weather,we _ all right.A.would be B.would have been C.were D.may be A(2）条件句中的倒装表示虚拟虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用倒装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中.如:1.Were it necessary,I might resign.(=If it were necessary,)2.Had you informed me earlier,I would not have signed the contract.(=If you had informed me earlier,)3.Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Summer Palace.(=If it should rain tomorrow)1.Had you listened to the doctor,you _all right now A.are B.were C.would be D.would have been2._today,he would get there by Friday A.Were he to leave B.If he had left C.Did he to leave D.Had he left 3._hard,he would have passed the exam A.If he were to work B.Had he worked C.Should he work D.Were he to work4._the clouds,you would find the airplane in the sky easily A.Had it not been for B.If it were not C.If it had not been for D.Were it not for cABD(3)含蓄条件句 有些句子中,没有任何表示虚拟语气的词,短语或从句,但仍要用虚拟语气.这时,要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分,要么隐含在上下文之中(otherwise或in that case)或者用介词替代了（常见的介词有with,without,but for）.如:1.I would do anything for her(if I could).2.We would not have finished the word on time without your help.(=if you had not helped us)3.But for the rain,we would have finished the work.(=if it had not been for the rain,)4.What would you do with a million dollars?(=if you had a million dollars?)1)But for water,it _impossible to live in the earth A.is B.would be C.were D.wouldnt be 2)Without your help,I _ so much progress in my studies in such a short time.A.dont make B.didnt make C.will not have made D.would not have made3).I was ill that day,otherwise I _ the sports meet A.would have taken part in B.took part in C.had taken part in D.would take part in BDA(4)错综时间条件句例：1.Had you listened to the doctor,you _all right now.A.are B.were C.would be D.would have been C在这种条件句中,从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，主从句的谓语动词需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。If I were you,I would not have missed the film last night.(现在-过去)If they had started in the early morning,they would arrive in half an hour(过去-将来)If you had asked him when you saw him last time,you would know what to do now.(过去-现在)(5).比较if only与only if only if 表示“只有”；if only 则表示如果就好了若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。If only I were a bird!要我是一只鸟,那该多好啊!表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态 If only 也可用于陈述语气。If only he comes early.但愿他早点回来。1.名词性从句中的虚拟语气(1).宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)wish+宾语从句 表示不能实现的愿望,译为”要是就好了”I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer earlier.I wish I would go to the seaside next summer.表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用would/could+动词原形 表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用had+过去分词或 could(should)+have+过去分词How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(02 上海)A.has B.had C.will have D.had hadB(2).在动词 insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,request,desire,require,demand,decide,determine,recommend,etc.后需用 虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。1.The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock.A.finished B.be finished C.should finish D.finish2.-What did the doctor say about your mothers illness?-He suggested that she _ an operation at once.A.must have B.had C.have D.had hadBC注意:当suggest表示暗示,表明,insist 表示坚持认为的意思时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with our work.The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.(2)表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。His suggestion that we(should)so to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they(should)pay 100 dollars.1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.My suggestion is that she _ more exercise,which will do a lot of good to her.A.takes B.must take C.take D.tookAC3.其他句型(1).Its(high/right)time(that)从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或 should+动词原形.如:Its time that I picked up my mother.(2).在系动词后由as if/though引导的表语从句有时候用虚拟语气.He speaks as if he were an English.I feel as if we had known each other for years.(3)在含有if it were not for 或 if it had not been for条件句的虚拟语气中If it were not for the rain,the crops would die.If it had not been for your help,we could not have finished the work ahead of time.