【课件】Unit+3Discovering+Useful+Structures人教版（2019）必修第三册.pptx

Unit 3省略教材链接感知教材原句，回答下面的问题。1.(教P28)And what a city(it is)a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.2.(教P28)My hotel is near downtown,in the Mission District,(which is)one of the oldest parts of the city.3.(教P28)This district used to be a poor area of town,but(this district)is now a centre for art,music,and food.4.(教材P28)(It is)A real mix of cultures here!5.(教材P29)What great food(it is)!6.(教材P29)(I)Cant wait!在上面的6个句子中,括号内的加黑部分都可以_。省略1.A:Oh,I just love nachos!Mexican corn chips covered in Cheese!B:Me,too.Read and pay attention to the words in red.Step 1.Lead inI love nachos,too.They are Mexican corn chips covered in Cheese!课本P30 A2Read and pay attention to the words in red.Step 1.Lead in2.A:So its the food of many different cultures,and they are all in one dish?B:Exactly.Exactly,its the food of many different cultures,and they are all in one dish.7Step 1.Lead in Read and pay attention to the words in red.3.A real mix of cultures here!There is a real mix of cultures here!I cant wait to go there!Step 1.Lead in Read and pay attention to the words in red.4.Cant wait!What kind and wise persons(they are)!Read and pay attention to the words in red.Step 1.Lead inWhat kind and wise persons!为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。英语中的省略有下列几种情况。一、简单句的省略1.省略主语Step 2.Presentation(You)Shut up！住嘴！(You)Want a hand？需要帮忙吗？(I)Beg your pardon.请再说一遍。(It)Doesnt matter.没关系。祈使句的省略。在祈使句中，通常省略主语 _。There be句型省略_。疑问句的答语省略。感叹句的省略。在what和how引起的感叹句中常省略_。youThere be主语和be动词一、简单句的省略2.省略宾语当前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，后句常常省略宾语。Do you know Miss Gao?你认识高女士吗？I dont know(her).我不认识。一、简单句的省略3.省略主语和宾语省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。(You come)This way,please.请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)(Have you)Got any ink?你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)即时演练1将下列句子改为省略句(1)You have a seat,please!_(2)What a clever boy he is!_(3)I am looking forward to your early reply._Have a seat,please!What a clever boy!Looking forward to your early reply.二、并列句中的省略在由and或but连接的并列句中，常常省略一些重复的词或词组。1省略共同的主语或宾语。Tom picked up a comic on the floor and(Tom)handed it to his teacher.汤姆在地板上捡起了一本连环画杂志并把它交给了他的老师。二、并列句中的省略2若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。Jack must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做家庭作业。3若主语和谓语动词都相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。His claim made me happy,but(his claim made)Jim angry.他的断言使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。二、并列句中的省略4若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。He has a knowledge of china but his friend doesnt(have a knowledge of china).他具备瓷器知识，但他的朋友不具备。即时演练2 3+2P57-582.He doesnt like playing football but he used to play football.He doesnt like playing football but he _.used to4.Only some of the students have done a first aid course and most havent done a first aid course.Only some of the students have done a first aid course and _.most havent5.给我一些写字的纸。Give me some paper _.to write on三、复合句中的省略1状语从句中的省略(1)在when、while、if、as if、though、although、as、until、once、whether、unless、whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同且从句谓语中含有be动词或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。Wood gives off much smoke while(it is)burning.木头燃烧时产生很多烟。Will you be free this Sunday？If(it is)so,lets go camping.这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。While/When(they are)traveling,people may learn something about different cultures.旅行的时候，人们会学到一些不同文化的东西。When(it is)heated,ice can be turned into water.加热的时候冰可以变成水。(2)在than、as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。They dont use more water than(it is)necessary.他们使用的水没有超出所需量。He runs as fast as Bob(runs).他和鲍勃跑得一样快。并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after、before、because等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语、分词短语等，用动名词代替be动词。Because he was ill,he didnt attend the meeting.Because of being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(正)Being ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(正)Because ill,he didnt attend the meeting.(误)由于生病了，他没有出席会议。三、复合句中的省略2定语从句中的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom、which、that可省略(但whom、which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。The man(whom)you saw yesterday fell ill.你昨天见到的那个人病倒了。(2)way意为“方式、方法”时，关系词that/in which可以省略。The way(that/in which/省略)he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。三、复合句中的省略3宾语从句中的省略(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。They said(that)the meeting was very important and that we mustnt be late.他们说这场会议非常重要，我们一定不能迟到。(2)when、where、how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。I know that he will come to our city but I dont know when(he will come to our city).我知道他将要来我们城市，但不知道他什么时候来。即时演练3 3+2P57-581.Though he was tired,he managed to climb the hill._,he managed to climb the hill.Though tired3.This meeting is more successful than it was expected.This meeting is more successful _.than expected5.As a team member,he will rush for the class honor when he is needed without hesitation.As a team member,he will rush for the class honor when _without hesitation.needed2.横穿街道时,你一定要注意交通信号灯。_the street,you must pay attention to the traffic lights.While crossing4.如果有必要,你可以步行去上学。_,you can go to school on foot.If necessary四、其他情况的省略1动词不定式的省略(1)当不定式在形容词afraid、anxious、eager、glad、happy、ready、willing等后面作状语时，to后的内容常常省略。You cant force him to read the poetry if hes not ready to(read the poetry).如果他没有准备好阅读这首诗，你不能强迫他。(2)某些使役动词如make、let、have等和感官动词如see、watch、notice、observe、hear等，后面作宾补的不定式应省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。He likes to swim more than(to)skate.比起滑冰他更喜欢游泳。He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。对比关系：不省略to(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常常可以省略。常见的动词有agree、afford、expect、forget、hope、know、manage、pretend、remember、refuse、want、wish、would like等。You can go with us if you want to(go with us).如果你想去，你可以和我们一起去。(5)介词but(除了)、except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。All the chairman could do was nothing but wait and see.主席所能做的只有观望。(6)当不定式作某些复合谓语时，如be going to、be able to、have to、ought to、used to等，可只保留不定式符号to。They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents).他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。Are you a physician?你是一名内科医生吗？No,but I used to be(a physician).不是，但我过去是。四、其他情况的省略2使用so、not 等时的省略在英语中，可以用so、not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。Can you finish your work today?你今天能完成工作吗？I think so./I dont think so./I think not.我认为能。/我认为不能。hope、guess、be afraid 的否定形式只能用not 的形式，不能用not.so 的形式。They are not doing a good job at all,are they?他们做的工作一点儿也不好，是吗？I guess not.我猜是没做好。四、其他情况的省略3介词的省略一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：(1)have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.(2)be busy(in)doing sth.(3)spend some time(in)doing sth.(4)stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth.The heavy rain prevented him(from)arriving there on time.大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。即时演练4补全下列句中的省略词(1)The child wanted to play in the street,but her mother told her not _(2)The skin can prevent your body _ losing too much water.(3)I cant imagine what great difficulty he had _ climbing the mountain.tofrominRewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts.1.You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday?It sounds like a good idea.2.He tried to solve his financial problems,but he couldnt solve the problems.You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday?Good idea.He tried to solve his financial problems,but couldnt.adj.大西洋的adj.财务的;金融的课本P30 A23.If it is necessary,Ill finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible.4.Are you going to dress like that?Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots.Are you going to dress like that?A dress might be better than jeans and boots.If necessary,Ill finish my report on American poetry as soon as possible.n.诗歌;诗作n.牛仔裤n.靴子5.Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous.6.I really like that paper folding book,and my son likes that paper folding book,too.I really like that paper folding book,and my son,too.Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not.n.蘑菇 adj.有毒的v.包;裹;折叠What are someJustin:Linlin,Im going to Guizhou Province next month.Im super excited!Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin:Wow,cool!Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity.Places to visit.well,definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Read the conversation.Find out which words have been left out.Do you have in Guizhou Provincethatsin Guizhouis theplace to visit in Guizhou Province课本P30 A3HuangguoshuJustin:Whats special about the waterfall?Linlin:Well,have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Justin:Yes,I have.Why?Linlin:In the back of the waterfall,you will find a cave,which is the home of the Monkey King.heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the Westdo you ask me if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the Westfrom Journey to the WestJustin:Really?Cool!Ill definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages.Youll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great,thanks!Thats true Itson your trip to Guizhou Province it wasThis all